Excavation of a Roman Bathhouse at Bothwellhaugh, 1975—76

1981 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
L J F Keppie
Keyword(s):  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
Cold Room ◽  
Hot Bath

Summary In 1975—76 the extra-mural bathhouse of Bothwellhaugh Roman fort near Motherwell, Lanarkshire, was completely excavated prior to flooding of the site. The bathhouse, which probably overlay a small native settlement, was in use during the Antonine phase of the Roman occupation of Scotland (AD 142—c. 165). The bathhouse consisted of a vestibule, a cold room (Frigidarium) and cold plunge bath, two warm rooms (the First and the Second Tepidarium), a hot room (Caldarium) with adjacent hot bath, and a furnace room (Praefurnium). Three main phases of use were detected. After the building ceased to function as a bathhouse, it was occupied by squatters who adapted parts of the structure to their own needs and left evidence of their presence in a large quantity of animal bone. Radiocarbon dates on this bone indicate activity in the 2nd or 3rd centuries ad.

Palaeolithic Big Game Hunting at HP766 in Wadi Umm Rahau, Northern Sudan

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achilles Gautier ◽  
Daniel Makowiecki ◽  
Henryk Paner ◽  
Wim Van Neer
Keyword(s):  
Late Prehistoric ◽  
Large Mammals ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
Game Hunting ◽  
Big Game Hunting ◽  
Bone Remains

HP766, discovered by the Gdansk Archaeological Museum Expedition (GAME) in the region immediately upstream the Merowe Dam in North Sudan and now under water, is one of the few palaeolithic sites with animal bone remains in the country. The archaeological deposits, the large size of the site, the lithics and the radiocarbon dates indicate occupation of a silt terrace of the Nile in late MSA and perhaps LSA times. Large and very large mammals predominate markedly among the recovered bone remains and it would seem that the palaeolithic hunters focused on such game. They could corner these animals on the site which is partially surrounded by high bedrock outcrops. Moreover swampy conditions of the site after the retreat of the annual Nile flood may have rendered less mobile the prey animals. According to this scenario, HP766 would testify to the ecological skills and generational memory of late prehistoric man in Sudan.

New Radiocarbon Dates from the Sanders Site (41LR2), Lamar County, Texas

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Perttula
Keyword(s):  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Red River ◽  
East Texas ◽  
The West ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
Animal Bones ◽  
Two Samples

Recent archaeological investigations at the West Mound at the Sanders site (41LR2), on the Red River in Lamar County, Texas, disclosed substantial archaeological deposits associated with a burned clay floor to an ancestral Caddo structure in the mound. A significant part of the archaeological deposit were unburned animal bones of turtle, deer, and bison, along with Middle Caddo period, Sanders phase, fine and utility ware ceramic sherds; Sanders is one of 26 known Caddo sites in East Texas with bison bones and/or tools. In this article, I discuss the results of the radiocarbon dating of two samples of animal bone—deer and bison—from the West Mound at the Sanders site.

Parc le Breos Cwm Transepted Long Cairn, Gower, West Glamorgan: Date, Contents, and Context

1998 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 139-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alasdair Whittle ◽  
Michael Wysocki ◽  
Mike Richards ◽  
Amanda Rouse ◽  
Elizabeth Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Bone ◽  
Prior Exposure ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Regional Context ◽  
Very Old ◽  
Isotopic Evidence ◽  
Long Span ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Animal Bone

First investigated in 1869, the transepted long cairn of Parc le Breos Cwm was re-excavated in 1960–61 but without a report being published. This account presents a number of radiocarbon dates and a detailed re-examination of the human bone assemblages, and attempts to put the monument in local and regional context. Radiocarbon dates place the long cairn in the later part of the earlier Neolithic, and support a fairly long span of time over which its mortuary deposits were accumulated; they also show secondary re-use of the passage, and perhaps also the deliberate incorporation of very old animal bone from nearby caves. The analysis of the human bone assemblages indicates prior exposure of the remains found in the chambers, in contrast to those in the passage. Variation in musculoskeletal stress markers may indicate a mobile lifestyle for at least some of the male mortuary population. Other lifestyle indicators are noted, and isotopic evidence is presented for a terrestrial and mainly meat-oriented diet in the sampled group. The isolated context and hidden setting of the Parc le Breos Cwm long cairn and the apparently low density of south Welsh monuments are stressed.

scholarly journals Stones, Bones, and Hillfort: Radiocarbon Dating of ķivutkalns Bronze-Working Center

Radiocarbon ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 1252-1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Oinonen ◽  
A Vasks ◽  
G Zarina ◽  
M Lavento
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Bone Collagen ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Bone Material ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
Archaeological Artifacts

The Bronze Age site of ķivutkalns with its massive amount of archaeological artifacts and human remains is considered the largest bronze-working center in Latvia. The site is a unique combination of cemetery and hillfort believed to be built on top of each other. This work presents new radiocarbon dates on human and animal bone collagen that somewhat challenge this interpretation. Based on analyses using a Bayesian modeling framework, the present data suggest overlapping calendar year distributions for the contexts within the 1st millennium BC. The carbon and nitrogen isotopic ratios indicate mainly terrestrial dietary habits of studied individuals and nuclear family remains buried in one of the graves. The older charcoal data may be subject to the old-wood effect and the results are partly limited by the limited amount of data and the 14C calibration curve plateau of the 1st millennium BC. Therefore, the ultimate conclusions on contemporaneity of the cemetery and hillfort need to wait for further analyses on the massive amounts of bone material.

Dating Gods: Radiocarbon Dates from the Sanctuary of Zeus on Mt. Lykaion (Arcadia, Greece)

Radiocarbon ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 501-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Britt M Starkovich ◽  
Gregory W L Hodgins ◽  
Mary E Voyatzis ◽  
David Gilman Romano
Keyword(s):  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Crystallinity Index ◽  
Precautionary Measure ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Historical Texts ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
Burned Bone ◽  
Calcined Bone ◽  
Southern Greece

This paper reports the results of the application of a calcined bone dating protocol to samples collected from the Sanctuary of Zeus on Mt. Lykaion in southern Greece. The site is a mountaintop ash altar rich in anthropogenic sediments, burned bone, and artifacts offered to the god Zeus. Experiments involving time series hydrolysis measurements were conducted on calcined bones from stratified layers throughout the sequence to determine if any of the samples underwent surface contamination from carbonate exchange with the surrounding sedimentary matrix. It was determined that such exchange was unlikely, but samples were acid-etched before pretreatment as a precautionary measure. Paired samples of seeds, charcoal, and calcined animal bone collected from a sediment column in the altar demonstrate the effectiveness of the calcined bone dating technique in this context. The results of dating indicate that the altar was in use from the Mycenaean period through the late Classical period, though samples were not collected from the upper levels of the site due to possible mixing of surface sediments. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) measurements were taken and crystallinity index values calculated, confirming that the bone samples are indeed calcined. The results presented here correspond with literary accounts of ritual animal sacrifice from historical texts from the 8th century BCE, including the Homeric epics.

Mortuary Ritual of 4th Millennium bc Malta: the Zebbug Period Chambered Tomb from the Brochtorff Circle at Xaghra (Gozo)

1995 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 303-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Malone ◽  
Simon Stoddart ◽  
Anthony Bonanno ◽  
Tancred Gouder ◽  
David Trump ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
The South ◽  
Central Mediterranean ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Mortuary Ritual ◽  
Maltese Islands ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
Southern Central ◽  
Symbolic Processes

As part of the research of the joint Anglo-Maltese project on the island of Gozo, a Zebbug period rock-cut tomb was discovered in the south-east corner of the Brochtorff Circle. The integrity of this tomb and the interdisciplinary approach applied to its study make it a unique find from the Maltese islands and rare within the southern central Mediterranean.The article presents the stratigraphy, pottery, stone, shell and bone artefacts, skeletal remains, animal bone, molluscan samples, and radiocarbon dates from the tomb. At the same time the significance of the tomb for the formative phases of collective burial, exchange and symbolic processes in the central Mediterranean and the origins of Maltese insularity is explained.

scholarly journals Excavation of a Double-Ditched Enclosure at Winchburgh, West Lothian

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 1-38
Author(s):  
Gary Savory ◽  
Mike Cressey ◽  
Clare Ellis ◽  
Mhairi Hastie ◽  
Fraser Hunter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Depth ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
And Function ◽  
Micromorphological Analysis

A sub-circular double-ditched enclosure, visible as a cropmark on aerial photographs, was excavated by CFA Archaeology Ltd in 2013. The enclosure had an inner ditch with two possible entrances and an intermittent outer ditch. The inner ditch measured up to 4.65m wide and survived to a maximum depth of 1.4m. Artefactual and ecofactual assemblages were limited, with the most significant finds being evidence of shale working. Soil micromorphological analysis indicates that both ditches silted up gradually, with their fills derived from re-deposited upcast as well as soil eroding from the surroundings. Radiocarbon dates from waterlogged wood and animal bone found within the ditch fills produced a date range of 1608–204 bc. The paucity of material makes it difficult to be certain of the date and function of the enclosure.

scholarly journals New Radiocarbon Dates from the Sanders Site (41LR2), Lamar County, Texas

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula
Keyword(s):  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Red River ◽  
East Texas ◽  
The West ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
Animal Bones ◽  
Two Samples

Recent archaeological investigations at the West Mound at the Sanders site (41lR2), on the Red River in Lamar County, Texas, disclosed substantial archaeological deposits associated with a burned clay floor to an ancestral Caddo structure in the mound. A significant part of the archaeological deposit were unburned animal bones of turtle, deer, and bison, along with Middle Caddo period, Sanders phase, fine and utility ware ceramic sherds; Sanders is one of 26 known Caddo sites in East Texas with bison bones and/or tools. In this article, I discuss the results of the radiocarbon dating of two samples of animal bone—deer and bison—from the West Mound at the Sanders site.

scholarly journals Excavation of a Double-Ditched Enclosure at Winchburgh, West Lothian

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 1-38
Author(s):  
Gary Savory ◽  
Mike Cressey ◽  
Clare Ellis ◽  
Mhairi Hastie ◽  
Fraser Hunter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Depth ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
And Function ◽  
Micromorphological Analysis

A sub-circular double-ditched enclosure, visible as a cropmark on aerial photographs, was excavated by CFA Archaeology Ltd in 2013. The enclosure had an inner ditch with two possible entrances and an intermittent outer ditch. The inner ditch measured up to 4.65m wide and survived to a maximum depth of 1.4m. Artefactual and ecofactual assemblages were limited, with the most significant finds being evidence of shale working. Soil micromorphological analysis indicates that both ditches silted up gradually, with their fills derived from re-deposited upcast as well as soil eroding from the surroundings. Radiocarbon dates from waterlogged wood and animal bone found within the ditch fills produced a date range of 1608–204 bc. The paucity of material makes it difficult to be certain of the date and function of the enclosure.

scholarly journals Franka Höppner, Björn Rauchfuß, Die Tierknochenfunde von zwei Siedlungsplätzen der vorrömischen Eisenzeit bei Groß Luckow, Lkr. Vorpommern-Greifswald (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) / Animal Bone Finds from Two Settlements of the Pre-Roman Iron Age Near Groß Luckow, Vorpommern-Greifswald (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern)

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-236
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Material ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Animal Remains ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
And Storage

The text deals with animal remains of two neighboring settlement sites ofthe pre-Roman Iron Age near GroßLuckow, a small village in northeast Germany. Both sites were discovered and partially excavated ahead of motorway construction from 1997 to 1999. The site of GroßLuckow 2 consists of dwelling houses and storage buildings as well as various forms of technical facilities, the site of GroßLuckow 3 only consists of various technical remains. The predominantly ceramic material of both places belongs to the pre-Roman Iron Age and is dated by four radiocarbon dates into the 4th to 1st Century BC.

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