New Radiocarbon Dates from the Sanders Site (41LR2), Lamar County, Texas

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Perttula
Keyword(s):  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Red River ◽  
East Texas ◽  
The West ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
Animal Bones ◽  
Two Samples

Recent archaeological investigations at the West Mound at the Sanders site (41LR2), on the Red River in Lamar County, Texas, disclosed substantial archaeological deposits associated with a burned clay floor to an ancestral Caddo structure in the mound. A significant part of the archaeological deposit were unburned animal bones of turtle, deer, and bison, along with Middle Caddo period, Sanders phase, fine and utility ware ceramic sherds; Sanders is one of 26 known Caddo sites in East Texas with bison bones and/or tools. In this article, I discuss the results of the radiocarbon dating of two samples of animal bone—deer and bison—from the West Mound at the Sanders site.

scholarly journals New Radiocarbon Dates from the Sanders Site (41LR2), Lamar County, Texas

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula
Keyword(s):  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Red River ◽  
East Texas ◽  
The West ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
Animal Bones ◽  
Two Samples

Recent archaeological investigations at the West Mound at the Sanders site (41lR2), on the Red River in Lamar County, Texas, disclosed substantial archaeological deposits associated with a burned clay floor to an ancestral Caddo structure in the mound. A significant part of the archaeological deposit were unburned animal bones of turtle, deer, and bison, along with Middle Caddo period, Sanders phase, fine and utility ware ceramic sherds; Sanders is one of 26 known Caddo sites in East Texas with bison bones and/or tools. In this article, I discuss the results of the radiocarbon dating of two samples of animal bone—deer and bison—from the West Mound at the Sanders site.

scholarly journals The Harling Site (41FN1): An Ancestral Caddo Mound Site on the Red River in Fannin County, Texas

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula
Keyword(s):  
River Valley ◽  
Red River ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Alluvial Terrace ◽  
The West ◽  
University Of Texas ◽  
Red River Valley ◽  
Short Summary ◽  
Coles Creek ◽  
Length Width

The Harling site (41FN1), also earlier known as the Morgan Place, is a little-known ancestral Caddo mound site located on the first alluvial terrace of the Red River in the northeastern corner of Fannin County in East Texas. The only professional archaeological investigations at the Harling site took place in November-December 1960 by a University of Texas crew led by Dr. E. Mott Davis, in advance of proposed mound leveling by the landowner. Other than short summary articles by Davis, the results of the excavations and analyses of the recovered artifacts from the Harling site have not been previously published. The mound at the site was leveled in 1963 by the landowner, Mr. R. A. Harling. The single mound at the site was approximately 70 x 52 x 2.1 m in length, width, and height. There was a borrow pit area at the southern end of the mound. The mound at the Harling site appears to be the westernmost known of the more than 100 Caddo mounds that have been reported in East Texas. According to Davis (1996:463), the site is on the western frontier of Caddo communities in the Red River valley, and Caddo settlements are found at most only a few miles to the west of the site along the river, but are common to the east of the Harling mound. Based on the 1960 excavations of the mound and an examination at that time of the surrounding alluvial landforms—which were plowed—there was no substantial Caddo settlement at the Harling site, or any associated settlement cluster within ca. 2.5 km of the mound, although there were scattered artifacts from the surface dispersed both east and west of the mound. When R. L. Stephenson, E. O. Miller, and Lester Wilson visited the Harling site in August 1950, however, they commented that artifacts were abundant in the plowed fields around the mound. In particular they noted that the ceramic sherds were mostly plain and grog-tempered, and some of the sherds had a red slip (i.e., Sanders Plain). R. King Harris also collected artifacts from the site, primarily from an area to the west of the mound and near the edge of the alluvial terrace . He collected from this area W Gary dart points, Alba arrow points, plain sherds, and one Coles Creek Incised rim with an incised lip line. In the fields east of the mound, Harris collected a number of small triangular arrow points, suggesting that this area was where the latest Caddo occupation had taken place.

scholarly journals Bone Tools from Caddo Sites in the Angelina River Basin in East Texas

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula ◽  
Mark Walters
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Technological System ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Bone Tools ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
Animal Bones ◽  
Sandy Sediments

In addition to the use of stone for tools, ancestral Caddo communities in East Texas also relied on organic materials for tools, including animal bones and plant parts (i.e., cane and wood). Bone tools were an important part of the technological system of Caddo groups and their study helps to understand the range of activities that occurred at Caddo sites in particular locations and regions. However, they are often not preserved in habitation deposits and features on East Texas Caddo sites due to bioturbation and erosion of sandy sediments where artifacts came to accumulate during an occupation or series of occupations. Several ancestral Caddo sites in the Lake Sam Rayburn area in the Angelina River basin do have well–preserved animal bone tools, and we consider their function and use in the remainder of this article.

Radiocarbon Dating of the Necropolis of the Early Christian Site of Son Peretó (Mallorca, Balearic Islands)

Radiocarbon ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (02) ◽  
pp. 399-410
Author(s):  
Miguel Á Cau ◽  
Mateu Riera Rullan ◽  
Magdalena Salas ◽  
Mark Van Strydonck
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Balearic Islands ◽  
Main Phase ◽  
The West ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
Human Bones ◽  
Good Agreement

Radiocarbon dates, obtained from different human bones found in several tombs of the site of Son Peretó, are presented and discussed together with the stratigraphical evidence and the study of the material culture. The calibrated dates show that the tombs were built earlier than the main phase of occupation of the West Sector, therefore belonging to a necropolis linked to the Christian building prior to the transformation of the area into a habitation nucleus. The necropolis is14C dated mainly to the 6th century AD. This is in good agreement with the chronology provided by ceramic materials.

scholarly journals 41AN28: An Ancestral Caddo Settlement on Mound Prairie Creek in the Neches River Basin in East Texas

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
East Texas ◽  
East Side ◽  
Alluvial Terrace ◽  
The West ◽  
West Side ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Post Oak ◽  
Neches River

Site 41AN28 is an extensive ancestral Caddo settlement on an alluvial terrace on the west side of Mound Prairie Creek in the Post Oak Savannah of East Texas. Mound Prairie Creek is an southward- and eastward-flowing tributary to the Neches River. The confluence of the two streams lies about 20 km to the east. Directly to the east of 41AN28 on the east side of Mound Prairie Creek lies the Pace McDonald site (41AN51). This site is an important Middle Caddo period (ca. A.D. 1200-1400) mound center with at least two earthen mounds and a settlement that covers more than 11 acres. Both investigated mounds at Pace McDonald were built to cover and bury special purpose structures where significant deposits of ash were accumulated, probably ash temples like those uncovered in the main mound at the nearby A. C. Saunders site (41AN19). Two calibrated radiocarbon dates from habitation areas at the Pace McDonald site range from A.D. 1200-1410.

scholarly journals Treatment of Discrepancies in Radiocarbon Dating

Radiocarbon ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
C H Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Two Samples

A method is given for modifying the estimated radiocarbon dates of two samples when they are known to be in the wrong order.

scholarly journals Puzzling Radiocarbon Dates for the Upper Paleolithic Site of Sungir (Central Russian Plain)

Radiocarbon ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 451-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaroslav V Kuzmin ◽  
Johannes van der Plicht ◽  
Leopold D Sulerzhitsky
Keyword(s):  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Upper Paleolithic ◽  
Russian Plain ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Paleolithic Site ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Animal Bones ◽  
Human Burials ◽  
Age Range

A summary is presented of more than a decade-long study of direct radiocarbon dating for one of the most important human burials in Eurasia, the Sungir site in eastern Europe. Eighteen 14C dates were produced before early 2014 on three skeletons (Sungir 1–3), and there is still no consistency in the results. In the absence of other independent methods to establish the antiquity of Sungir, a careful analysis is performed of the site's stratigraphy, paleoenvironment, and 14C dates run on animal bones from the same layer as the burials. Although the conclusions of this work cannot be guaranteed to be absolutely correct, we suggest that at the present stage of research the age range of ∼26,000–27,210 BP is the most probable time for the creation of the elaborate human burials at the Sungir site.

scholarly journals Puzzling Radiocarbon Dates for the Upper Paleolithic Site of Sungir (Central Russian Plain)

Radiocarbon ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (02) ◽  
pp. 451-459
Author(s):  
Yaroslav V Kuzmin ◽  
Johannes van der Plicht ◽  
Leopold D Sulerzhitsky
Keyword(s):  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Upper Paleolithic ◽  
Russian Plain ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Paleolithic Site ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Animal Bones ◽  
Human Burials ◽  
Age Range

A summary is presented of more than a decade-long study of direct radiocarbon dating for one of the most important human burials in Eurasia, the Sungir site in eastern Europe. Eighteen14C dates were produced before early 2014 on three skeletons (Sungir 1–3), and there is still no consistency in the results. In the absence of other independent methods to establish the antiquity of Sungir, a careful analysis is performed of the site's stratigraphy, paleoenvironment, and14C dates run on animal bones from the same layer as the burials. Although the conclusions of this work cannot be guaranteed to be absolutely correct, we suggest that at the present stage of research the age range of ∼26,000–27,210 BP is the most probable time for the creation of the elaborate human burials at the Sungir site.

scholarly journals Hiroshima University Radiocarbon Dates II West and South Coasts of Sri Lanka

Radiocarbon ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinadasa Katupotha
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Liquid Scintillation ◽  
Scintillation Counting ◽  
The West ◽  
Laboratory Procedure ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Geologic Samples ◽  
Preparation Techniques

Geologic samples for 14C age measurements were collected from the west, southwest and south coasts of Sri Lanka during October and November 1986. Sample points were leveled based on the Colombo datum level. Results presented below were obtained by liquid scintillation counting of methanol for coral and shell samples. Ages were measured from December 1986 to May 1987, at the Department of Geography, Hiroshima University, Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory, using the laboratory procedure described by Fujiwara and Nakata (1984). Sample preparation techniques were similar to those mentioned in the first list (Katupotha, 1988). The results are expressed in radiocarbon years relative to ad 1950 based on the Libby half-life of 5568 ± 30 years, using the new oxalic acid standard (SRM 4900C) as ‘modern’ (Stuiver, 1983).

scholarly journals The Wollard #2 Site (41HE22) in the Upper Neches River Basin, Henderson County, Texas

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Research Laboratory ◽  
Data Recovery ◽  
The West ◽  
Project Area ◽  
River Floodplain ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
Animal Bones ◽  
Extensive Surface ◽  
Neches River

The Wollard #2 site (41HE22) was first identified by Leroy Johnson, Jr. and Edward B. Jelks in August 1957 during their survey of then proposed Blackburn Crossing Reservoir, now Lake Palestine, in Henderson County, Texas. The site was described by Johnson as located in an old cultivated field on the high ground directly to the west of Caney Creek and the Neches River floodplain, is one of the most prolific sites located in the reservoir area…The midden soil at the site extends to a depth of 16 inches and is rich in animal and shell remains as well as stone flakes and artifact fragments. When Southern Methodist University (SMU) returned to the proposed Lake Palestine area in 1969 to complete data recovery investigations at sites to be inundated by the lake, they chose to work at the Wollard #2 site, which they renamed the Mitchell site (X41HE17). X is the SMU designation used for site numbering. Review of project area maps by Texas Archeological Research Laboratory (TARL) staff indicated that the Mitchell site was plotted in the same area as the Wollard #2 site, and thus the Mitchell site also has the 41HE22 trinomial. However, an examination of Anderson and a comparison to Johnson’s site map indicates that the SMU investigations at the Wollard #2/Mitchell site—which consisted primarily of systematic surface collections and the excavation of scattered 1 x 3 m units—unfortunately did not encompass any of the well preserved Caddo midden deposits described by Johnson. Rather, the SMU work was located uphill on the landform from the midden, in areas with sparse Caddo deposits. The SMU work recovered only 73 sherds in extensive surface collections on the landform and only another 361 sherds from the excavation of 36 1 x 3 m units in several areas of the Mitchell site. The brief work by Johnson and Jelks recovered almost as many sherds as did the entire SMU investigations at the site. Furthermore, no midden deposits were identified in the SMU work and only four pieces of animal bone were recovered; hardly evidence of a midden “rich in animal” bones as described by Johnson.

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