LEAH LENEMAN and ROSALIND MLTCHISON,Girls in Trouble. Sexuality and Social Control in Rural Scotland 1660-1780Edinburgh, Scottish Cultural Press, 1998, pp.viii + 133, Pbk. £10.95

Informal financial operations exist in the shadow of official regulation and cannot be protected by the formal legal instruments, therefore raising concerns about the enforcement of obligations taken by their participants. This paper analyzes two alternative types of auxiliary institutions, which can coordinate expectations of the members of informal value transfer systems, namely attitudes of trust and norms of social control. It offers some preliminary approaches to creating a game-theoretic model of partner interaction in the informal value transfer system. It also sheds light on the perspectives of further studies in this area of institutional economics.

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The Township, the Pregnant Girl and the Church: Community Dynamics, Gender and Social Control in Early Nineteenth-century Scotland

Northern Scotland ◽

10.3366/nor.2019.0168 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 41-67

Author(s):

Elizabeth Ritchie

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Rural Communities ◽

Social Control ◽

Community Dynamics ◽

Church Discipline ◽

Sexual Offences ◽

Early Nineteenth Century ◽

Female Community ◽

The Church ◽

Unmarried Girl

In 1814 in a small Highland township an unmarried girl, ostracised by her neighbours, gave birth. The baby died. The legal precognition permits a forensic, gendered examination of the internal dynamics of rural communities and how they responded to threats to social cohesion. In the Scottish ‘parish state’ disciplining sexual offences was a matter for church discipline. This case is situated in the early nineteenth-century Gàidhealtachd where and when church institutions were less powerful than in the post-Reformation Lowlands, the focus of most previous research. The article shows that the formal social control of kirk discipline was only part of a complex of behavioural controls, most of which were deployed within and by communities. Indeed, Scottish communities and churches were deeply entwined in terms of personnel; shared sexual prohibitions; and in the use of shaming as a primary method of social control. While there was something of a ‘female community’, this was not unconditionally supportive of all women nor was it ranged against men or patriarchal structures.

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Reflexiones sobre postmodernidad, anomia y crimen

10.33676/emui_nomads.56.09 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 151-186

Keyword(s):

Social Control ◽

Social Exclusion ◽

Criminological Theory ◽

Critical Approach ◽

Social Thinking ◽

Palabras Clave

Resumen: Este artículo va a indagar en los significados del crimen en los tiempos que corren. Lo que se pretende es partir de la observación del crimen para llegar a reflexionar no sólo sobre las condiciones hodiernas de coexistencia de los sujetos sino especialmente sobre su condición misma de existencia. El crimen será pensado en sus interconexiones con la exclusión social. Se va a trabajar con un enfoque crítico de la posmodernidad, que examina su nivel mucho más elevado y profundo de extracción de riqueza y expropiación de los sujetos, reflexionando así sobre su capacidad de alienarlos incluso de sí mismos. Se discutirá sobre la presencia de anomia en la posmodernidad y su instrumentalización para fines de control social. La teoría criminológica de la anomia de RobertK. Merton será analizada y se le propondrá una ampliación de interpretación. Palabras clave: crimen, exclusión social, anomia, posmodernidad, control social. Thinking about postmodernity, anomie and crime Summary:This article will investigate the meanings of crime at present times. From the observation of crime, will be thought about not only the hodiern conditions of coexistence of the subjects but especially about their condition of existence. Crime will be taken into consideration in its interconnections with social exclusion. It will be worked with a critical approach to postmodernism, which examines its much higher and deeper level of extraction of wealth and expropriation of subjects, with the propose to think about its ability to alienate them even from themselves. The presence of anomie in postmodernity and its instrumentalization for purposes of social control will be discussed. The criminological theory of the anomie of Robert K. Merton will be analyzed and an extension of its interpretation will be proposed. Keywords:crime, social exclusion, anomie, postmodernity, social control.

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