Seed Borne Mycoflora of Some Commercial Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars in Punjab, Pakistan

Seed borne mycoflora associated with ten commercial varieties of wheat viz. Blue silver, Faisalabad 85, Manthar-3, Pak 81, Parwaz 94, Pirsabaq 2005, Punjnad-1, Sariab-92, Sh-2002 and Wafaq-2001 was investigated through standard blotter paper and agar plate method by using Mann-Whitney U test. At least eleven fungal genera were recovered from seeds. The most frequently isolated fungi were Bipolaris sorokiniana (11.125%), Aspergillus flavus (9.825%), Alternaria alternata (7.15%) and Aspergillus niger (6.225%). It is apparent from the present investigation that all commercial wheat verities tested were contaminated by fungi. The rolled paper method was used to find out the effect of seed borne fungi on seed germination. Seeds of Pak 81, Wafaq-2001 and Blue silver were germinated in high proportion with variable number of normal and abnormal seedlings than the seeds of other varieties tested. The fungi associated with seeds of wheat cause dire diseases in wheat reducing the germination capacity.

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Identification of Bipolaris bicolor and Bipolaris sorokiniana on wheat seeds (Triticum aestivum L.) in Brazil

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1590/s1517-83822006000300010 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 247-250 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Kendra R. Morejon ◽

Maria Heloiza D. Moraes ◽

Erna E. Bach

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Wheat Seeds

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Study on the genetic variability and pathogenicity assessment among isolates of spot blotch causing fungi (Bipolaris sorokiniana) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Plant Physiology Reports ◽

10.1007/s40502-020-00510-y ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 255-267

Author(s):

Suneel Kumar Verma ◽

Surendra Kumar Chaurasia ◽

Yaswant Kumar Pankaj ◽

Rajeev Kumar

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Genetic Variability ◽

Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Spot Blotch

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In-Vivo Management of Spot Blotch (Bipolaris sorokiniana) of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), using Bio-Agent and Fungicides

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ◽

10.20546/ijcmas.2021.1001.392 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (01) ◽

pp. 3339-3346

Author(s):

Shiv Shankar Patel ◽

Shiv Pratap Singh ◽

Sandeep Vishwakarma ◽

Ashwani Kumar Patel ◽

Dig vijay ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Spot Blotch

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Resposta de cultivares de trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) ao controle químico das principais doenças fúngicas da cultura

Summa Phytopathologica ◽

10.1590/s0100-54052006000300005 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 239-246 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Benedito de Camargo Barros ◽

Jairo Lopes de Castro ◽

Flávia Rodrigues Alves Patrício

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Blumeria Graminis ◽

Puccinia Recondita ◽

São Paulo ◽

Blumeria Graminis Tritici

Doenças do trigo, como a ferrugem-da-folha, a helmintosporiose e o oídio, causadas por Puccinia recondita, Bipolaris sorokiniana e Blumeria graminis tritici, respectivamente, podem reduzir severamente o rendimento da cultura. Diversas medidas são preconizadas para o controle das mesmas, entre as quais o emprego de cultivares resistentes, na época adequada, e o controle químico, sem o qual, freqüentemente, a cultura torna-se inviável economicamente. No presente trabalho avaliou-se, em condições de campo, a resposta a aplicações de fungicidas de seis cultivares de trigo, IAC 24, IAC 289, IAC 350, IAC 362, IAC 364 e IAC 370, em quatro experimentos instalados nos anos de 2000 a 2003, em Capão Bonito, Estado de São Paulo. Os ensaios foram realizados em delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com 4 repetições, e analisados, a cada ano, em esquema fatorial, 2 x 6, sendo fungicida o fator 1 (com e sem) e cultivar o fator 2. As pulverizações, duas ou três, foram iniciadas quando a ferrugem-da-folha atingiu entre 10 e 15% de incidência, e repetidas após aproximadamente 15 dias. Avaliou-se a severidade das doenças por meio de uma escala de notas, que variou de 0 a 9 sendo 0 ausência de sintomas e 9 maior que 60 % de área de tecido foliar afetado pelas doenças, além do peso de mil sementes (PMS) e do rendimento. O oídio foi encontrado apenas em 2000, a ferrugem-da-folha em todos os anos em elevados índices de severidade (30 a 60% de área foliar afetada) e a helmintosporiose ocorreu nos três últimos anos, 2001 a 2003, apresentando os maiores índices de severidade em 2001 (até 60 % de área foliar afetada), o ano mais chuvoso. Em todos os anos os tratamentos químicos proporcionaram controle das doenças, aumentos no PMS e no rendimento. Nos anos mais favoráveis para a cultura, 2002 e 2003, o retorno em rendimento foi maior. As cultivares de ciclo mais longo, IAC 370, IAC 289 e IAC 350, foram as que mais responderam à aplicação do fungicida, embora as duas últimas tenham apresentado os menores índices de severidade das doenças, indicando que não só a resistência, mas fatores como o ciclo e características de produtividade intrínsecas a cada cultivar podem ser importantes na resposta ao controle químico.

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The impact of nitrogen on seed infection and pathogens of spring wheat

Кормопроизводство ◽

10.25685/krm.2021.4.2021.007 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 35-39

Author(s):

В.В. Келер ◽

С.В. Хижняк ◽

С.В. Овсянкина ◽

Д.М. Шеклеин ◽

Э.Д. Машковская

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Infection Rate ◽

Spring Wheat ◽

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽

Fusarium Spp ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

The Impact

Цель работы — изучить влияние азотных удобрений на распространённость и таксономический состав вызываемой грибами инфекции семян яровой пшеницы (Triticum aestivum L.). Исследования проводились в 2019–2020 годах. Семь сортов пшеницы (Алтайская 70, Алтайская 75, Курагинская 2, Новосибирская 15, Новосибирская 29, Новосибирская 31, Новосибирская 41) были выращены с использованием зерновых в качестве предшественника, в Минусинском районе Красноярского края, с азотными удобрениями и без удобрений, после чего семена урожая были изучены на наличие фитопатогенных грибов. Патогенный комплекс в семенах был представлен видами Fusarium spp., Bipolaris sorokiniana и Alternaria spp. (соответственно 45,1, 34,3 и 20,6% от общего количества грибных изолятов). Средняя по сортам и вариантам распространённость семенной инфекции составила 41,2%. Удобрение статистически значимо (p<0,001) снизило среднюю распространённость инфекции семян с 50,0% (без удобрения) до 32,4% (с удобрением). Эффект удобрения сильно зависел от сорта. Максимальное снижение распространённости инфекции (63 п.п.) наблюдалось у сорта Новосибирская 29, в то время как у сортов Курагинская 2, Новосибирская 15, Новосибирская 31, Новосибирская 41 снижение составило 11, 33, 18 и 20 п.п. соответственно. Сорт Алтайская 70 не показал статистически значимых различий по распространённости между вариантами с удобрением и без удобрения (соответственно 49 и 43%). У сорта Алтайская 75 удобрение статистически значимо (p<0,05) увеличило распространённость заражения семян на 16 п.п. Удобрение не повлияло на средний состав патогенного комплекса, но статистически значимо изменило таксономический состав патогенного комплекса у отдельных сортов. The aim of this research was to analyze the effect of nitrogen fertilizers on composition and virulence of pathogenic fungi affecting spring wheat seeds (Triticum aestivum L.). The experiment took place in Krasnoyarsk Territory in 2019–2020. Seven wheat varieties were used (“Altayskaya 70”, “Altayskaya 75”, “Kuraginskaya 2”, “Novosibirskaya 15”, “Novosibirskaya 29”, “Novosibirskaya 31”, “Novosibirskaya 41”) planted after gramineous. Such pathogens as Fusarium spp., Bipolaris sorokiniana and Alternaria spp. were found in plant seeds (45.1, 34.3 and 20.6%, respectively). Average infection rate amounted to 41.2%. Fertilizers significantly reduced seed contamination from 50.0% to 32.4% (p<0.001). Fertilizers’ impact significantly depended on genotype. The highest reduction in the infection rate (63 p. p. — percentage points) occurred for “Novosibirskaya 29” while “Kuraginskaya 2”, “Novosibirskaya 15”, “Novosibirskaya 31”, “Novosibirskaya 41” showed only 11, 33, 18 and 20 p. p. of decrease, respectively. “Altayskaya 70” showed no statistically significant response after fertilization (49 versus 43% under or without fertilization, respectively). Fertilizers significantly increased “Altayskaya 75” contamination with fungi by 16 p. p. (p<0.05). Fertilization had no effect on pathogen composition in general except for several varieties.

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