Comparing the Effects of Behavioural Intervention and Cognitive Intervention among Individuals with OCD tendencies

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-502
Author(s):  
Gahee Park ◽  
◽  
HyaeYoung Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Intervention ◽  
Behavioural Intervention

CHANGES IN ATTITUDES TOWARD INSOMNIA FOLLOWING COGNITIVE INTERVENTION AS PART OF A WITHDRAWAL TREATMENT FROM HYPNOTICS

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Pat-Horenczyk
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Cognitive Intervention ◽  
Behavioural Intervention ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Behavioural Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Intervention

This study was designed to investigate the effects of a short-term cognitive-behavioural intervention, as part of a comprehensive medical project of withdrawal from hypnotics, on attitudes toward insomnia. Twenty-four subjects volunteered to participate in a withdrawal project conducted in a sleep clinic for five weeks. All subjects were chronic users of a long-acting hypnotic, and free from other psychotropic drugs. Along with the gradual decrease in hypnotics’ dosage, the programme consisted of sleep evaluations by polysomnography, actigraphic monitoring, daily sleep diaries, and periodical medical examinations. Upon termination of the withdrawal stage, all subjects received a short-term cognitive-behavioural treatment consisting of six sessions and directed at attitude change and correction of misconceptions about sleep and insomnia, and on promoting psychological strategies for coping with the sleep disturbances. Attitudes toward insomnia were measured by the DBAS – Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep Scale, administered at three points of time: on the first day of the programme (Time 1), at the termination of the medical withdrawal stage (Time 2), and a week after completion of the short-term cognitive behavioural treatment (Time 3). A multivariate analysis showed a significant effect of the time of measurement on all five subscales of the DBAS. Subsequent analyses indicated that the major change in attitudes was specific to the direct cognitive-behavioural intervention and occurred between Time 2 and Time 3. In follow-ups conducted at 3 and 12 months after completion of the withdrawal project, the majority of the participants (72%) reported refrain from hypnotic use, and regarded the psychological intervention as the major cause of their successful withdrawal from sleeping pills.

Eliciting salient beliefs of engineers in Malaysia on migrating abroad

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-236
Author(s):  
Balu Ramoo ◽  
Chong Yee Lee ◽  
Cheng Ming Yu
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behaviour ◽  
Control Beliefs ◽  
Behavioural Intervention ◽  
Planned Behaviour ◽  
Salient Beliefs ◽  
Tpb Model ◽  
And Control

Despite various government efforts incorporating economic, social and political considerations in curbing emigration problem, brain drain remains an issue in Malaysia. This paper examines the determinants of migration from behavioural perspectives. Using Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) model, the engineers’ salient beliefs on migrating abroad were elicited using qualitative analysis. A number of new behavioural, normative and control beliefs were identified. The elicitation of the engineers’ salient beliefs is essential in developing appropriate behavioural intervention programmes to reduce their intention to migrate abroad. The methodology developed in this study can also assist future researchers to identify the salient beliefs of people who have high intention to migrate abroad.

scholarly journals Virtual reality video game improves high-fidelity memory in older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter E. Wais ◽  
Melissa Arioli ◽  
Roger Anguera-Singla ◽  
Adam Gazzaley
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Environmental Enrichment ◽  
Cognitive Intervention ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Placebo Control ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
High Fidelity

AbstractTherapeutic interventions have not yet been shown to demonstrate restorative effects for declining long-term memory (LTM) that affects many healthy older adults. We developed a virtual reality (VR) spatial wayfinding game (Labyrinth-VR) as a cognitive intervention with the hypothesis that it could improve detailed, high-fidelity LTM capability. Spatial navigation tasks have been used as a means to achieve environmental enrichment via exposure to and learning about novel and complex information. Engagement has been shown to enhance learning and has been linked to the vitality of the LTM system in the brain. In the current study, 48 older adults (mean age 68.7 ± 6.4 years) with average cognitive abilities for their age were randomly assigned to 12 h of computer game play over four weeks in either the Labyrinth-VR or placebo control game arms. Promptly before and after each participant’s treatment regimen, high-fidelity LTM outcome measures were tested to assess mnemonic discrimination and other memory measures. The results showed a post-treatment gain in high-fidelity LTM capability for the Labyrinth-VR arm, relative to placebo, which reached the levels attained by younger adults in another experiment. This novel finding demonstrates generalization of benefits from the VR wayfinding game to important, and untrained, LTM capabilities. These cognitive results are discussed in the light of relevant research for hippocampal-dependent memory functions.

scholarly journals Multi-Component Intervention Program on Habitual Physical Activity Parameters and Cognitive Function in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6240
Author(s):  
Min-Ki Jeong ◽  
Kyung-Won Park ◽  
Je-Kwang Ryu ◽  
Gwon-Min Kim ◽  
Hyun-Hun Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Intervention ◽  
Habitual Physical Activity ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
Digit Symbol Substitution Test

Age-related dementia refers to a state in which someone experiences multiple cognitive function impairment due to degenerative brain disease, and which causes difficulties in their daily life or social life. Dementia is the most common and serious obstacle in later life. Early intervention in the case of patients who are in the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) stage among the high-risk group can maintain and improve their cognitive function. The purpose of the current trial is aimed at investigating the association between a multi-component (exercise with cognitive) intervention program and habitual physical activity parameters on cognitive functions in MCI patients. Neuropsychological cognitive and depression assessments were performed by neuropsychologists according to normalized methods, including the Korean mini-mental State examination (K-MMSE) and modified Alzheimer’s disease assessment scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog) and cognitive assessment tool (attention, processing speed), and the Korean version of the geriatric depression scale (SGDS-K), both at baseline and at a 12 weeks follow-up. The 12-week multi-component intervention improved cognitive function and habitual physical activity parameters in patients with MCI relative to controls. A multi-component intervention program for patients with MCI is considered to be an effective method of dementia prevention by improving global (ADAS-Cog) and frontal (trail-making test, digit symbol substitution test) cognition and habitual physical activity parameters such as moderate to vigorous physical activity and step count. In addition, it is important to encourage habitual physical activities to ensure that exercise intervention strategies are carried out at the duration and intensity required for improving physical and cognitive wellbeing and obtaining health benefits.

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