Host specialization and molecular evidence support a distinct species of smut fungus, Anthracoidea hallerianae (Anthracoideaceae), on Carex halleriana (Cyperaceae)

AbstractThe phylogenetic placement of the genus Maronina was studied, based chiefly on phenotypic characters such as thallus colour and anatomy, secondary chemistry, the anatomy of the excipulum and the ascus-type. DNA sequence data of mitochondrial and nuclear ribosomal loci from some of the species support the hypothesis that Maronina is nested within Protoparmelia. Hence, Maronina is reduced to synonymy with Protoparmelia. Comparison of genetic distances suggests that the two varieties within M. orientalis should be regarded as distinct species. Consequently, the new combinations Protoparmelia australiensis (Hafellner & R. W. Rogers) Kantvilas et al., P. corallifera (Kantvilas & Papong) Kantvilas et al., P. hesperia (Kantvilas & Elix) Kantvilas et al., P. multifera (Nyl.) Kantvilas et al., and P. orientalis (Kantvilas & Papong) Kantvilas et al. are proposed.

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DNA barcodes provide evidence for the independent origin of the cultivated silkworms Samia ricini and Samia cynthia

Journal of Insects as Food and Feed ◽

10.3920/jiff2021.0077 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

J.-C. Huang ◽

X.-Y. Li ◽

Y.-P. Li ◽

R.-S. Zhang ◽

D.-B. Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Distance ◽

Phylogenetic Relationship ◽

Dna Barcode ◽

Distinct Species ◽

Coi Gene ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

Dna Barcodes ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

Phylogenetic Framework

Samia ricini (Wm. Jones) and Samia cynthia (Drury) (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) have been used as traditional sources of food as well as silk-producing insects. However, the phylogenetic relationship between the two silkworms remains to be addressed. In this study, the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene sequences corresponding to DNA barcodes from 13 Samia species were analysed, and a DNA barcode-based phylogenetic framework for these Samia species was provided. Phylogenetic analysis showed that multiple individuals of a species could be clustered together. Our analysis revealed a close relationship among Samia yayukae Paukstadt, Peigler and Paukstadt, Samia abrerai Naumann and Peigler, Samia kohlli Naumann and Peigler, Samia naessigi Naumann and Peigler, Samia naumanni Paukstadt, Peigler and Paukstadt, and Samia kalimantanensis Paukstadt and Paukstadt. The mixed clustering relationship and low Kimura-2-parameter (K2P) genetic distance (0.006) between individuals of S. ricini and Samia canningi (Hutton) indicated that the cultivated silkworm S. ricini was derived from the non-cultivated silkworm S. canningi. The remote phylogenetic relationship and high K2P genetic distance (0.039) indicated that S. ricini and S. cynthia are distinct species, thus providing solid molecular evidence that they had entirely independent origins. The relationships between S. kalimantanensis and S. naumanni and between S. cynthia and Samia wangi Naumann and Peigler, as well as the potential cryptic species within S. abrerai were also discussed. This is the first study to assess the DNA barcodes of the genus Samia, which supplements the knowledge of species identification and provides the first molecular phylogenetic framework for Samia species.

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Molecular evidence supports Phytophthora quercina as a distinct species

Mycological Research ◽

10.1017/s0953756299008606 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 103 (7) ◽

pp. 799-804 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

David E.L. Cooke ◽

Thomas Jung ◽

Naomi A. Williams ◽

Roland Schubert ◽

Günther Bahnweg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Distinct Species ◽

Molecular Evidence

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Pupilla pratensis (Gastropoda: Pupillidae) in the Czech Republic and Slovakia and its distinction from P. muscorum and P. alpicola based on multidimensional analysis of shell measurements

Biologia ◽

10.2478/s11756-010-0117-4 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 65 (6) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Michal Horsák ◽

Jana Škodová ◽

Jan Myšák ◽

Tomáš Čejka ◽

Vojen Ložek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Distinct Species ◽

Multidimensional Analysis ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Central European ◽

Measurement Variation ◽

Fossil Material ◽

Site Characteristics ◽

Components Analysis

AbstractPupilla pratensis (Clessin, 1871) was recently confirmed as a distinct species based on morphological, ecological and molecular evidence. The main purpose of this study is to publish the first reliable data on the occurrence of P. pratensis in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The second goal is to analyse conchometry of P. pratensis, P. muscorum (L., 1758), and P. alpicola (Charpentier, 1837) to find out whether it is possible to reliably distinguish these species solely based on shell measurements. For multidimensional analysis of shell measurement variation we used principal components analysis (PCA). We documented six populations of P. pratensis in the Czech Republic and one in SW Slovakia. The revision of voucher material showed that all previously reported records of P. alpicola from the Czech Republic belonged in fact to P. pratensis. This requires the exclusion of P. alpicola from the list of Czech molluscs. Based on multidimensional analysis of shell measurements it was possible to distinguish P. pratensis from P. muscorum with no overlapping specimens. Pupilla alpicola was almost completely different from P. muscorum with only few overlapping specimens, contrary to P. pratensis which was mostly impossible to distinguish from P. alpicola based on analysed shell measurements. Shell width was the best single shell measurement for distinguishing P. pratensis and P. muscorum. Shell measurements of two Swedish populations of P. pratensis did not differ from shell variation of Czech and Slovak populations. However, Scandinavian populations displayed some differences from central European populations in apertural barriers which are discussed in detail. Czech and Slovak populations of P. pratensis occurred in calcium-rich fen meadows which perfectly matches with site characteristics reported from Scandinavia. We assume that the observed morphometric differences between P. pratensis and P. muscorum can be useful for distinguishing the species also outside the Czech territory and for palaeoecological studies where only empty shells are available. Since these species occupy ecologically different habitats their reliable identification in fossil material can improve the reconstructions of past environments.

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Paleocene origin of the Neotropical lineage of cleptoparasitc bees Ericrocidini-Rhathymini (Hymenoptera, Apidae)

10.1101/224683 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Aline C. Martins ◽

David R. Luz ◽

Gabriel A. R. Melo

Keyword(s):

Taxonomic Classification ◽

Host Specialization ◽

Divergence Times ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

Nesting Biology ◽

First Instar ◽

Sister Relationships ◽

Floral Oil ◽

Immature Host

AbstractCleptoparasitic bees abandoned the pollen collecting for their offspring and lay their eggs on other bees’ provisioned nests. Also known as cuckoo bees they belong to several lineages, especially diverse in Apinae. We focused on a lineage of Apinae cleptoparasitic bees, the clade Ericrocidini+Rhathymini, which attack nests of the oil-collecting bees. We sequenced five genes for a broad sampling in this clade plus a large outgroup and reconstruct phylogeny and divergence times. We confirmed the monophyly of the clade Ericrocidini+Rhathymini and its position inside the ericrocidine line, together with the tribes Protepeolini, Isepeolini and Coelioxoidini. Our results corroborate the current taxonomic classification. Ericrocis is the basal most lineage in Ericrocidini and the position of Acanthopus and the most diverse genus Mesoplia were inconclusive. Ericrocidini+Rhathymini diverged from Parepeolus aterrimus 74 mya in the Cretaceous. Considering the robust molecular evidence of their sister relationships, the striking differences on the first instar larvae morphology of the two groups are probably adaptations to the distinct nesting biology of their hosts. As other parasites in the ericrocidine line, both groups possess larvae adapted to kill the immature host and to feed on floral oil provisioned by the host female. The evolution of host specialization in the line Ericrocidini+Rhathymini retroced to the Eocene when they arose synchronously with their hosts, Centris and Epicharis.

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The identity of Entyloma anadelphiae: reclassification and redescription of leaf and stem smut infecting Anadelphia pumila in Guinea

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.192.1.5 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 192 (1) ◽

pp. 44 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marcin Piątek

Keyword(s):

Distinct Species ◽

Smut Fungus

The identity of a very rare smut fungus, Entyloma anadelphiae, described from infected leaves and stems of Anadelphia pumila (Poaceae, subfam. Panicoideae, tribe Andropogoneae) in Guinea is re-evaluated. Morphology indicates that this species is not identical with Jamesdicksonia dactylidis, with which it has been considered synonymous in recent smut monographs. It differs in having mostly dark brown spores with thicker, distinctly two-layered walls. Entyloma anadelphiae also differs from other smut species of the order Georgefischeriales described on hosts of the Andropogoneae. The species is redescribed, illustrated and reallocated to the genus Jamesdicksonia as a distinct species, Jamesdicksonia anadelphiae comb. nov.

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Genetic and morphological studies ofTrichosirocalusspecies introduced to North America, Australia and New Zealand for the biological control of thistles

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1017/s000748531500084x ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 106 (1) ◽

pp. 99-113 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

A. De Biase ◽

E. Colonnelli ◽

S. Belvedere ◽

A. La Marca ◽

M. Cristofaro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

New Zealand ◽

Host Plants ◽

Biological Control Agent ◽

Molecular Genetic ◽

Elongation Factor ◽

Single Species ◽

Distinct Species ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

Morphological Studies

AbstractTrichosirocalus horridussensu lato has been used as a biological control agent of several invasive thistles (Carduusspp.,Cirsiumspp. andOnopordumspp.) since 1974. It has been recognized as a single species until 2002, when it was split into three species based on morphological characters:T. horridus, Trichosirocalus brieseiandTrichosirocalus mortadelo, each purported to have different host plants. Because of this taxonomic change, uncertainty exists as to which species were released in various countries; furthermore, there appears to be some exceptions to the purported host plants of some of these species. To resolve these questions, we conducted an integrative taxonomic study of theT. horridusspecies complex using molecular genetic and morphological analyses of specimens from three continents. Both mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and nuclear elongation factor 1α markers clearly indicate that there are only two distinct species,T. horridusandT. briesei. Molecular evidence, morphological analysis and host plant associations support the synonymy ofT. horridus(Panzer, 1801) andT. mortadeloAlonso-Zarazaga & Sánchez-Ruiz, 2002. We determine thatT. horridushas been established in Canada, USA, New Zealand and Australia and thatT. brieseiis established in Australia. The former species was collected fromCarduus, CirsiumandOnopordumspp. in the field, whereas the latter appears to be specific toOnopordum.

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The Tenasserim Lutung, Trachypithecus barbei (Blyth, 1847) (Primates: Cercopithecidae): Description of a live specimen, and a reassessment of phylogenetic affinities, taxonomic history, and distribution

Contributions to Zoology ◽

10.1163/18759866-07304003 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 73 (4) ◽

pp. 271-282 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Thomas Geissmann ◽

Colin P. Groves ◽

Christian Roos

Keyword(s):

Distinct Species ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

Museum Specimens ◽

Field Observations ◽

Distribution Map ◽

Taxonomic History ◽

History Of ◽

Live Specimen ◽

Phylogenetic Affinities

The Tenasserim lutung Trachypithecus barbei was previously known from museum specimens and field observations only. We discovered a zoo specimen and present the first confirmed evidence for the continued existence of the species since 1967. We describe the cranial pelage and coloration characteristics of this species which were previously unknown. We present first molecular evidence for recognizing T. barbei as a distinct species and for assessing its phylogenetic affinities relative to other members of the genus Trachypithecus. We document the taxonomic history of T. barbei and present a distribution map based on a compilation of all known locality records.

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Huperzia nanlingensis (Lycopodiaceae), a new terrestrial firmoss from southern China

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.173.1.6 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 173 (1) ◽

pp. 73 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nawal Shrestha ◽

Fu-Wu Xing ◽

Xin-Ping Qi ◽

Yue-Hong Yan ◽

Xian-Chun Zhang

Keyword(s):

Southern China ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Leaf Shape ◽

Distinct Species ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

Leaf Margin ◽

Purple Coloration ◽

Morphological Differences ◽

Seasonal Index ◽

A New Species

Huperzia nanlingensis sp. nov. (Lycopodiaceae) is described as a new species from southern China. The distinguishing characters, description, ecology, conservation status, detailed illustrations and photographs are provided. The species resembles H. serrata in leaf shape and serrations on the margin of leaves. However, it is clearly separated as a distinct species on the basis of quantitative morphology, anatomy, and molecular evidence. Although the observed morphological differences between these two species are superficially subtle, H. nanlingensis can be distinguished from H. serrata by purple coloration at the tip and base of leaves, higher number of teeth on one side of the tropophyll, higher seasonal index and slightly crispate leaf margin.

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Molecular evidence supports the recognition ofEpitrix papaas a distinct species fromEpitrix similaris

EPPO Bulletin ◽

10.1111/epp.12341 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 46 (3) ◽

pp. 583-587 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R. Mouttet ◽

J.-C. Streito ◽

G. Genson ◽

J.-F. Germain

Keyword(s):

Distinct Species ◽

Molecular Evidence

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