scholarly journals Challenges of Women Leaders in Female and Male Dominated Occupations

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 1277-1295
Author(s):  
Agota Giedrė Raišienė ◽  
Jolita Gečienė ◽  
Renata Korsakienė
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Women Leaders ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Work Roles ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Professional Career ◽  
Women's Experience ◽  
Family And Work ◽  
Male Dominated

The article presents the results of research revealing the challenges faced by women leaders during their career in public administration and business organisations and highlighting the peculiarities of women's experience in female and male dominated occupation areas. The study has shown that that stereotypes still do not disappear despite legislative institutionalization of gender equality in professional career. In most cases, women face constraints such as widespread stereotypes in society, negative attitudes of colleagues and behaviour related to that, doubts of women-leaders themselves about their opportunities, and conflict between family and work roles.

Instrumentality and Expressiveness at Work

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Sobiraj ◽  
Sabine Korek ◽  
Thomas Rigotti
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Work Roles ◽  
Professional Work ◽  
Gender Typicality ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Male Dominated ◽  
Role Demands

Men’s professional work roles require different attributes according to the gender-typicality of their occupation (female- versus male-dominated). We predicted that levels of men’s strain and job satisfaction would be predicted by levels of self-ascribed instrumental and expressive attributes. Therefore, we tested for positive effects of instrumentality for men in general, and instrumentality in interaction with expressiveness for men in female-dominated occupations in particular. Data were based on a survey of 213 men working in female-dominated occupations and 99 men working in male-dominated occupations. We found instrumentality to be negatively related to men’s strain and positively related to their job satisfaction. We also found expressiveness of men in female-dominated occupations to be related to reduced strain when instrumentality was low. This suggests it is important for men to be able to identify highly with either instrumentality or expressiveness when regulating role demands in female-dominated occupations.

Science Fiction and Administrative Truths: The Short Story and Novella as Administrative Cases

Public Voices ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Nolan J. Argyle ◽  
Lee M. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Organizational Complexity ◽  
Professional Career ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Hands On

Pre-service and in-service MPA students share a common desire for hands-on, real world instruction related to their professional career goals, leading to a pedagogic discounting of fiction as an appropriate tool for analyzing and "solving" problems. However, several factors weigh heavily in favor of using science fiction short stories and novellas in the MPA classroom setting. These include the need for interesting case scenarios exploring various administrative issues; leveling the playing field between the two types of students by de-emphasizing the use of "contemporary" cases; access to literature that explores the future shock of increasing organizational complexity; and the desirability of Rorschach type materials that facilitate discussion of. values and administrative truths. The discussion proceeds by tracing the development of the case study technique, its advantages and disadvantages in the classroom, addressing the utility of "fiction" as an educational resource, and showing how the science fiction literature has matured to the point where it can be applied in all of the major sub-fields of public administration. Several outstanding examples are detailed, and a thorough bibliography is provided.

46 The Hidden Truth About Gender Bias in Surgery. A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Wong ◽  
W H Lim ◽  
S R Jain ◽  
C H Ng ◽  
C H Tai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Gender Barriers ◽  
Retention Factors ◽  
Full Text Review ◽  
Female Surgeons ◽  
Male Dominated

Abstract Introduction Gender discrimination remains pervasive in surgery, significantly impacting current and future surgeons and population health. This study analyses the gender barriers and critical retention factors for female surgeons and trainees in surgery. Method Five electronic databases were searched till May 2020. Titles and abstracts were sieved, followed by a full text review. Data synthesis and inductive thematic analysis were conducted using the Thomas and Harden methodology. Result 14 articles were included, involving 528 participants. Four themes were generated–unfavourable working environment, male-dominated culture, societal pressures and progress towards gender equality. Females in surgery often faced harassment, disrespect and perceptions of incompetence, resulting in hostile work conditions, which were aggravated by the inadequate support and mentorship. The persistence of male-dominated cultures was observed, with females facing prejudice and exclusion from professional and social circles. Differential treatment and higher expectations of female surgeons also arose from entrenched societal pressures. Despite these, increased acceptance of motherhood and greater recognition of contributions by female surgeons were reported, indicating some progress in gendered culture. Conclusions There is a need to increase female surgical leadership and allocate resources to address the deep-rooted causes of biased surgical culture and ingrained perceptions, to achieve greater gender equality in surgery.

Intersektionale Ansätze in Gleichstellungsgesetzen

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-184
Author(s):  
Tessa Maria Hillermann ◽  
Christiana Ifeoma Ijezie
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
German Constitution ◽  
Inclusion And Diversity

Gender equality laws have existed in public administration in Germany since 1998. These laws specify the constitutional requirement of gender equality on the basis of article 3(2) of the German Constitution. Considering the background of present discussions in Germany concerning inclusion and diversity in public administration, this article analyses possibilities to address intersectional discrimination, including racial discrimination and discrimination based on different socio-economic backgrounds. Therefore, the following critical analysis focuses on possible intersectional approaches in German gender equality laws. The article presents the primary existing constitutional provisions and simple legal rulings, while also taking a ‘de lege ferenda’ perspective. To this end, the article suggests concrete wording for new legislation and for the amendment of existing laws.

scholarly journals Gender Transformation Experiences among Women Leaders in the Western Cape TVET Sector: A Narrative Response

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Bonzet ◽  
Beatrice Liezel Frick
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Women Leaders ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Vocational Education And Training ◽  
Problem Solution ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Professional Career ◽  
Gender Transformation ◽  
Plot Structure

Leadership structures in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) colleges in South Africa face stark gender inequalities. Narratives of women currently in TVET leadership positions in the Western Cape province of South Africa might shed light on gender transformation in this sector. This article provides an insider perspective on 10 purposively selected respondents’ shared experiences during their careers as women leaders through a narrative methodology. The data produced themes like family roles and a professional career balance, stages in becoming a leader, gender-related notions, leadership contexts, and strategies to manage gendered experiences. The analytical framework developed illustrates how these themes were reconciled with a structured method of narrative analysis, described as a problem-solution approach, analysing raw data for five elements of plot structure, namely characters, setting, problem, actions, and resolutions. Aligning the conceptual and analytical frameworks facilitated re-storying inside a plot-structured narrative. The results reported gender transformation progress regarding the career progression of women leaders. Conversely, progress concerning gender stereotyping and men-to-women and women-to-women discrimination was unsatisfactory, causing some respondents to abandon leadership ambitions. Although the small sample size precludes any claim to generalisability, the reported narratives serve as a guideline in addressing all-inclusive gender transformation in TVET college leadership.

Women’s Leadership in New Religions and the Question of Gender Equality in Post-Communist Lithuania

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 84-103
Author(s):  
Milda Ališauskienė
Keyword(s):  
Women Leaders ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Women's Leadership ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Life Choices ◽  
Communist Society ◽  
Religious Leadership ◽  
New Religions ◽  
Social Innovations

This article discusses features of women’s religious leadership, social innovations, and transmission of existing gender relations patterns within diverse new religions in post-communist society in Lithuania. The article is based on participant observation in Pagan and Hindu-origin religious groups and interviews with women leaders of these groups. The narratives of women leading Pagan and Hindu religious groups in Lithuania reflected their agency, features of their leadership, and the basis for the construction of their religious authority. Research data showed that the women interviewed took leadership of their respective religious groups after gaining professional experience in their careers. Their agency was not permeated by feminist ideas, but instead the importance of men in their life choices was emphasized throughout their narratives. The three case studies indicate that female religious leadership in these new religions follows the tendency toward a return to patriarchal values in post-communist society in Lithuania, rather than moving towards an ideal of gender equality.

scholarly journals What Explains Low Female Political Representation? Evidence from Survey Experiments in Japan

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 285-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rieko Kage ◽  
Frances M. Rosenbluth ◽  
Seiki Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Electoral Systems ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
Family Roles ◽  
Family Obligations ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Survey Experiments ◽  
Female Politicians ◽  
Constituency Service ◽  
Gendered Expectations

AbstractFew democratic countries have lower rates of female political representation than Japan, making it an excellent place to seek clues for female underrepresentation. We were surprised to find, based on three experimental surveys, that Japanese voters do not harbor particularly negative attitudes toward female politicians. The problem instead appears to be that women are reluctant to run for office because of socially mandated family roles. An implication of our study is that gender equality in political representation will likely founder in countries with electoral systems that require around-the-clock constituency service and legislative work, at least until citizens no longer have gendered expectations about time-consuming family obligations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document