scholarly journals Prudent Adventure: how does political status affect local government innovations?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Authoritarian State ◽  
Political Status ◽  
Political Resources ◽  
Local Politicians ◽  
Local Officials ◽  
Chinese Local Government ◽  
Unique Dataset

What are the concerns and motivations behind policy innovations? Theories claim that local policymakers carry out policy innovations mainly because of economic reasons or other internal concerns but seldomly notice the political structure they face. This study constructs a unique dataset of Chinese local government innovations during 2001-2016 and categorizes them with Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques. We then examine how economic factors affect policy innovations and how political status brings better explanations. In a centralized authoritarian state like China, local politicians concern political resources and risks more than economic development. We argue that local officials can take the adventure to make institutional rearrangements when enabled but ultimately have to be prudent when closely bonded with the center.

scholarly journals Spaces of Dependence and Emancipation in Architectural and Urban Narration, a Case Study: Plac Żołnierza Polskiego and Plac Solidarności in Szczecin

Arts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Izabela Kozłowska ◽  
Eryk Krasucki
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Authoritarian State ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Urban Narratives ◽  
Eastern European Countries

Central and Eastern European countries were subjugated to the Soviet Union in the second half of the 20th century. In this new political environment, defined as the period of dependency, the concept of space gained a new denotation as a space of dependence, in both social and physical terms. The political changes that took place after 1989 enabled these spaces to be emancipated. In this work, we aim to delineate the complex relationship between architecture and politics from the perspective of spaces of dependence and their emancipation. Through a case study of two squares, plac Żołnierza Polskiego (the Square of the Polish Soldier) and plac Solidarności (Solidarity Square) in Szczecin, we gained insights into the processes and strategies that promoted their evolution into spaces of emancipation within architectural and urban narratives. Szczecin’s space of dependence was created by an authoritarian state that had a monopoly on defining architecture and urban planning in the country and the state as a whole. In a process orchestrated by economic factors, as well as the scale of architectural and urban degradation, the squares under discussion have transitioned from spaces of dependency to spaces of emancipation. As a result, an architectural-urban structure characterized by new cultural and identity values has been created.

scholarly journals Menentukan Nilai Penggantian Wajar Lahan Terdampak Pekerjaan Reaktifasi Jalur Kereta Api Trase Muaro Logas, Kabupaten Sijunjung, Provinsi Sumatera Barat

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-55
Author(s):  
Hasta Herlan Asymar
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
The Public ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Reform Plan ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Abstract  – The calculation of the value of the Reasonable Land Turnover Terdamapak Job Reaktifasi railway line for arbitration was Muaro Logas was part of the study of the action of liberation/land and buildings for the reform plan of the reaktifasi railway line between Muaro-Logas is part of the planning of the reactivation railway line. This study analyzes regulations and policies, perceived an inventory and survey/census by identifying the affected community land procurement, with regard to the characteristics and the types of harm experienced, agreement agreement between the local government, the province and the Center in funding the acquisition of land; analyze optimum land procurement and analyse livelihood for the population affected by socio-economic factors, analyzing the parameters with the social, cultural, and economic related to population, the impact of the procurement of land and influence implementation of the work against the poor, residents of the tribal minorities, alienated, and other vulnerable groups, including women, as well as the institutional framework in planning the liberation of land and the settlements back including duties and responsibilities each institution. In the calculation of the Reasonable Replacement Value using Standar Penilaian Indonesia306 (SPI 306) about the assessment of the provision of Land for development for the benefit of the public

Let Many Civil Societies Bloom: The Rise of Consultative Authoritarianism in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 213 ◽  
pp. 19-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica C. Teets
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Authoritarian Regimes ◽  
Public Welfare ◽  
Development Model ◽  
State Control ◽  
New Model ◽  
Local Officials

AbstractIn this article, I analyse civil society development in China using examples from Beijing to demonstrate the causal role of local officials' ideas about these groups during the last 20 years. I argue that the decentralization of public welfare and the linkage of promotion to the delivery of these goods supported the idea of local government–civil society collaboration. This idea was undermined by international examples of civil society opposing authoritarianism and the strength of the state-led development model after the 2008 economic crisis. I find growing convergence on a new model of state–society relationship that I call “consultative authoritarianism,” which encourages the simultaneous expansion of a fairly autonomous civil society and the development of more indirect tools of state control. This model challenges the conventional wisdom that an operationally autonomous civil society cannot exist inside authoritarian regimes and that the presence of civil society is an indicator of democratization.

Professional Development Needs and Resources for Government Document Librarians

2014 ◽  
pp. 163-179
Author(s):  
Susanne Caro
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Professional Community ◽  
Library Science ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Government Documents ◽  
Professional Development Needs

Few accredited library science programs offer more than one class on government resources or librarianship. As a result, government documents librarians often receive limited formal education focused on federal, state, or local government resources. The majority of professionals working with these materials drew from a number of additional resources, including networking, listserves, conferences, and webinars, to supplement their knowledge, stay abreast of changes in the field, and contribute to the professional community. As with other areas of librarianship, access to these options is limited by economic factors. Individuals working with government materials face reduced budgets for travel, registration, and lodging. Limited staffing makes taking time off for conferences difficult, and additional duties make it challenging for many librarians to find time to engage in classes or webinars. This chapter looks at previous surveys and the results of a new survey to determine the current obstacles, needs, and opportunities for government documents librarians.

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