scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Design AD System Biogas Purification Filter

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ejiroghene Kelly Orhorhoro ◽  
Oghenero Wilson Orhorhoro ◽  
Eruero Victor Atumah
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Hydrogen Sulphide ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Preliminary Test ◽  
Decision Matrix ◽  
Percentage Composition ◽  
Detail Design ◽  
Biogas Purification

Biogas purification which is the removal of impurities so as to improve the efficiency of gas produced, ensure the safety of end users and prolong the life of the equipment cannot be neglected. This paper is focused on the design and performance evaluation of AD system biogas purification filter. Three different conceptual designs were generated from possible design consideration, feasibility study and preliminary test and with the help of decision matrix; the best conceptual design was selected from which the purification filter was fabricated. The selected concept for detail design was a transparent polyethene cylindrical purification filter fitted with local iron sponge containing activated charcoal and local potash. The reagents were arranged in this order; local potash for the removal of water vapour and carbon dioxide followed by activated charcoal which serves as a purifying agent for hydrogen sulphide. The results obtained showed reduction in percentage composition of hydrogen sulphide (H2S), carbon dioxide, and water vapour. On the other hand, there was an increase in percentage composition of methane (CH4) which is an indication of improvement in methane production after purification. The outcomes of the results obtained were satisfactory and the combination of local potash and activated charcoal was adequate for biogas purification.

scholarly journals Research of Biogas Purification Using Microalgae Monoraphidium Griffithii Suspension

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Živilė Bingelytė ◽  
Alvydas Zagorskis
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Hydrogen Sulphide ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Wastewater Sludge ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Biogas Purification ◽  
Biological Methods

Using biogas instead of fossil fuels decreases pollutants such as solid particles, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides concentrations in the environment. Green energy and development of relevant infrastructure improves air quality considerably. Chemical, physical, biological methods are used for biogas purification. The main difficulties using biological methods are selection of suitable microorganisms’ suspensions and making optimal conditions in photobioreactor. Different origin and structure microalgae suspensions are used applying biological treatment methods. Monoraphidium griffithi, which is widespread in fresh water, has relatively high potential. Microalgae’ cultures absorb the main components of biogas – carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen sulphide (H2S). Absorbtion processes are based on photosynthesis. Microalgae absorb specific components of biogas when there are suitable light source and nutrient solvent. The main purposes of the research are to asses emission of biogas using different substrates (chicken manure and wastewater sludge). Also, it was measured main physical and chemical characteristics of both substrates: acidicy, temperature, redox potential, conductivity, biohemical oxygen demand. According results of the research, emission from wastewater sludge is greater than from chicken manure so sludge was chosen in teh next stage of the research. The next stage – asssessment of purification efficienty using Monoraphidium grifftihii suspension. Raw biogas was supplied to photobioreacor (with microalgae suspension). Alterations of methane, carbon dioxide, oxygen, hydrogen sulphide concentrations were measured precisely. According to results concentration of methane in the beginning of the researc was 62%, after 35 days – 69%. Meanwhile carbon dioxide – 37% and 31% by analogy. Experimental research alows to assess Monoraphidium griffithi absorption capacity of ballast components. Results were compared to different scientists’ results which were present in scientific journals and publications. Comparative analysis alows to assess practical possibilities to use Monoraphidium griffithi as biological treatment of raw biogas.

scholarly journals Band Emissivities of Carbon Dioxide and Water Vapour

1966 ◽  
Vol 32 (243) ◽  
pp. 1718-1725
Author(s):  
Ryozo ECHIGO ◽  
Niichi NISHIWAKI ◽  
Masaru HIRATA
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Water Vapour

RUMEN GAS ANALYSIS BY GAS-SOLID CHROMATOGRAPHY

1961 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. McArthur ◽  
J. E. Miltimore
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Hydrogen Sulphide ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Complete Analysis ◽  
Thermal Detector ◽  
Thermal Detection ◽  
Methane Carbon

Methods are described for sampling and analysing rumen gases. The analysis requires less than 15 minutes for the determination of hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen sulphide, i.e., for all gases occurring in the rumen. The method is sensitive and requires only a small quantity of sample, and the sample volume need not be known. The presence of water or other vapours in the sample does not influence the results. Relative thermal detector responses have been determined for gases which occur in the rumen. These eliminate the necessity for the calibration of gas chromatographs using thermal detection. The first complete analysis of rumen gas is presented.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of Five Carbon Dioxide Analysers for use in the Operating Theatre and Intensive Care Unit

1987 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Selby ◽  
A. H. Ilsley ◽  
W. B. Runciman
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Operating Theatre ◽  
Main Stream ◽  
Time Stability ◽  
Side Stream ◽  
Stream Sampling ◽  
Available Carbon

Five commercially available carbon dioxide analysers were assessed with respect to accuracy, response time, stability, the effect of water vapour and the effect of rebreathing. Two side-stream sampling analysers (Datex Normocap and Engstrom Eliza) and one main-stream sampling analyser (Hewlett-Packard Capnoshot) were found to be satisfactory for use both in the operating theatre and intensive care unit. The Instrumentation Laboratory (IL) 200, a side-stream monitor, performed satisfactorily but neither it nor the Siemens Sirecust 404, a main-stream monitor, has the facility to compensate for the presence of nitrous oxide. The Siemens analyser, in the form tested, could not be recommended for clinical use, as it was less accurate than the other monitors, could not detect rebreathing, and was subject to fluctuations when used with gas mixtures saturated with water vapour.

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