Genomics-Enabled Crop Genetics

More food with high nutritional content will be needed to feed the growing global human population, which is expected to reach 10 billion by 2050. Fruits and vegetables contain most of the minerals, micronutrients, and phytonutrients essential for human nutrition and health. The quantity of these phytochemicals depends on crop genetics, weather and environmental factors, growth conditions, and pre-harvest and post-harvest treatments. These phytochemicals are known to have anti-cancer properties and to regulate immunity, in addition to hypolipidemic, antioxidant, anti-aging, hypotensive, hypoglycemic, and other pharmacological properties. Physical treatments have been reported to be effective for managing several post-harvest diseases and physiological disorders. These treatments may affect the external, internal, and nutritional qualities of fruits and vegetables. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize the information recently reported regarding the use of physical treatments applied either directly or in combination with other means to maximize and maintain the phytochemical content of fresh and fresh-cut or processed fruits and vegetables.

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Next-generation sequencing technologies and their implications for crop genetics and breeding

Trends in Biotechnology ◽

10.1016/j.tibtech.2009.05.006 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 27 (9) ◽

pp. 522-530 ◽

Cited By ~ 557

Author(s):

Rajeev K. Varshney ◽

Spurthi N. Nayak ◽

Gregory D. May ◽

Scott A. Jackson

Keyword(s):

Next Generation Sequencing ◽

Next Generation ◽

Sequencing Technologies ◽

Crop Genetics ◽

Generation Sequencing

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Pulse Crop Genetics for a Sustainable Future: Where We Are Now and Where We Should Be Heading

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2020.00531 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Nurul Amylia Sahruzaini ◽

Nur Ardiyana Rejab ◽

Jennifer Ann Harikrishna ◽

Nur Kusaira Khairul Ikram ◽

Ismanizan Ismail ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pulse Crop ◽

Sustainable Future ◽

Crop Genetics

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Crop genetics: Oil prospecting

Nature Plants ◽

10.1038/nplants.2015.214 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Chris Surridge

Keyword(s):

Crop Genetics

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Nitrogen and Stem Development: A Puzzle Still to Be Solved

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2021.630587 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Lucas Anjos Souza ◽

Rafael Tavares

Keyword(s):

Crop Yields ◽

Plant Traits ◽

N Uptake ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

Cereal Crops ◽

High Nitrogen ◽

Crop Genetics ◽

Stem Development ◽

Fertilizer Rates ◽

Late Stages

High crop yields are generally associated with high nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates. A growing tendency that is urgently demanding the adoption of precision technologies that manage N more efficiently, combined with the advances of crop genetics to meet the needs of sustainable farm systems. Among the plant traits, stem architecture has been of paramount importance to enhance harvest index in the cereal crops. Nonetheless, the reduced stature also brought undesirable effect, such as poor N-uptake, which has led to the overuse of N fertilizer. Therefore, a better understanding of how N signals modulate the initial and late stages of stem development might uncover novel semi-dwarf alleles without pleiotropic effects. Our attempt here is to review the most recent advances on this topic.

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Crop genetics research in Asia: improving food security and nutrition

Theoretical and Applied Genetics ◽

10.1007/s00122-020-03597-x ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 133 (5) ◽

pp. 1339-1344

Author(s):

Qifa Zhang ◽

Mingliang Xu ◽

Xianchun Xia ◽

Takao Komatsuda ◽

Rajeev K. Varshney ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Genetics Research ◽

Crop Genetics ◽

Food Security And Nutrition

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Synthesis of Resistant Starches in Plants

Journal of AOAC International ◽

10.1093/jaoac/87.3.740 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 87 (3) ◽

pp. 740-748 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Matthew K Morell ◽

Christine Konik-Rose ◽

Regina Ahmed ◽

Zhongyi Li ◽

Sadiq Rahman

Keyword(s):

Raw Material ◽

Prevention Measures ◽

Crop Species ◽

Processing Technologies ◽

Crop Genetics ◽

Dietary Component ◽

Resistant Starches ◽

Lifestyle Diseases ◽

The Impact ◽

Bowel Health

Abstract The increased incidence in many countries in lifestyle diseases such as colorectal cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes has led to an enhanced interest in disease-prevention measures that can be delivered to target populations through diet. Resistant starch (RS) is emerging as an important dietary component that has the potential to reduce the incidence of bowel health disorders. However, the range of crop species that can serve as effective sources of RS is limited. In this paper the state of knowledge of the starch biosynthesis pathway is reviewed and opportunities to manipulate crop genetics in order to generate additional sources of RS are discussed. The need for a “whole of chain” approach to delivery of RS to the consumer is highlighted because of the impact that different food-processing technologies can have in maintaining, enhancing, or destroying the RS potential of a raw material or food.

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Development and Use of Single Sequence Repeats (SSRs) Markers for Sugarcane Breeding and Genetic Studies

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy8110260 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 260 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ali Ahmad ◽

Jin-Da Wang ◽

Yong-Bao Pan ◽

Rahat Sharif ◽

San-Ji Gao

Keyword(s):

Ssr Markers ◽

Genome Mapping ◽

Genetic Research ◽

Paternity Analysis ◽

Kinship Analysis ◽

Genetic Studies ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Crop Genetics ◽

Ssrs Markers ◽

Simple Sequence

Recently-developed molecular markers are becoming powerful tools, with applications in crop genetics and improvement. Microsatellites, or simple sequence repeats (SSRs), are widely used in genetic fingerprinting, kinship analysis, and population genetics, because of the advantages of high variability from co-dominant and multi-allelic polymorphisms, and accurate and rapid detection. However, more recent evidence suggests they may play an important role in genome evolution and provide hotspots of recombination. This review describes the development of SSR markers through different techniques, and the detection of SSR markers and applications for sugarcane genetic research and breeding, such as cultivar identification, genetic diversity, genome mapping, quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis, paternity analysis, cross-species transferability, segregation analysis, phylogenetic relationships, and identification of wild cross hybrids. We also discuss the advantages and disadvantages of SSR markers and highlight some future perspectives.

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