scholarly journals Brain activity patterns and performance of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) compared to healthy controls during a working memory task. A functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) study.

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Strehl Ute
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Use of Virtual Reality Working Memory Task and Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy to Assess Brain Hemodynamic Responses to Methylphenidate in ADHD Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sooah Jang ◽  
JongKwan Choi ◽  
Jooyoung Oh ◽  
Jungyeon Yeom ◽  
Narae Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Drug Effects ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Adhd Children

Virtual reality (VR) neuropsychological tests have emerged as a method to explore drug effects in real-life contexts in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a useful tool to measure brain activity during VR tasks in ADHD children with motor restlessness. The present study aimed to explore the acute effects of methylphenidate (MPH) on behavioral performance and brain activity during a VR-based working memory task simulating real-life classroom settings in ADHD children. In total, 23 children with ADHD performed a VR n-back task before and 2 h after MPH administration concurrent with measurements of oxygenated hemoglobin signal changes with fNIRS. Altogether, 12 healthy control (HC) subjects participated in the same task but did not receive MPH treatment. Reaction time (RT) was shortened after MPH treatment in the 1-back condition, but changes in brain activation were not observed. In the 2-back condition, activation of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and bilateral medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) was decreased alongside behavioral changes such as shorter RT, lower RT variability, and higher accuracy after MPH administration. Bilateral mPFC activation in the 2-back condition inversely correlated with task accuracy in the pre-MPH condition; this inverse correlation was not observed after MPH administration. In ADHD children, deactivation of the default mode network mediated by mPFC reduced during high working memory load, which was restored through MPH treatment. Our results suggest that the combination of VR classroom tasks and fNIRS examination makes it easy to assess drug effects on brain activity in ADHD children in settings simulating real-life.

Virtual Reality-Based Lathe Skills Transfer Based on Brain Activity Assessment Using Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiichi Watanuki ◽  
Lei Hou
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Human Resource Development ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Haptic Information ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy

Here, we propose a new virtual reality-based job training program for human resource development. In our proposed system, the educational content is displayed in the immersive virtual environment with haptic information, very similar to the way a trainee may experience work in the virtual site operation. The brain functional activities of the trainee under virtual and real skills training are measured using near-infrared spectroscopy, and the characteristics of the activity patterns are analyzed in detail.

scholarly journals Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy to Probe State- and Trait-Like Conditions in Chronic Tinnitus: A Proof-of-Principle Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Schecklmann ◽  
Anette Giani ◽  
Sara Tupak ◽  
Berthold Langguth ◽  
Vincent Raab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Chronic Tinnitus ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Brain Oxygenation ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Proof Of Principle

Objective. Several neuroscience tools showed the involvement of auditory cortex in chronic tinnitus. In this proof-of-principle study we probed the capability of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) for the measurement of brain oxygenation in auditory cortex in dependence from chronic tinnitus and from intervention with transcranial magnetic stimulation.Methods. Twenty-three patients received continuous theta burst stimulation over the left primary auditory cortex in a randomized sham-controlled neuronavigated trial (verum = 12; placebo = 11). Before and after treatment, sound-evoked brain oxygenation in temporal areas was measured with fNIRS. Brain oxygenation was measured once in healthy controls(n=12).Results. Sound-evoked activity in right temporal areas was increased in the patients in contrast to healthy controls. Left-sided temporal activity under the stimulated area changed over the course of the trial; high baseline oxygenation was reduced and vice versa.Conclusions. By demonstrating that rTMS interacts with auditory evoked brain activity, our results confirm earlier electrophysiological findings and indicate the sensitivity of fNIRS for detecting rTMS induced changes in brain activity. Moreover, our findings of trait- and state-related oxygenation changes indicate the potential of fNIRS for the investigation of tinnitus pathophysiology and treatment response.

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