scholarly journals Wavelength-sensitivity of mouse retinal ganglion cells recorded by a high-density micro electrode array (MEA)

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jetter Florian ◽  
Bertotti Gabriel ◽  
Thewes Roland ◽  
Zeck G�nther
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Electrode Array ◽  
High Density ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Wavelength Sensitivity ◽  
Micro Electrode Array

Selectivity for Multiple Stimulus Features in Retinal Ganglion Cells

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 2724-2738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrienne L. Fairhall ◽  
C. Andrew Burlingame ◽  
Ramesh Narasimhan ◽  
Robert A. Harris ◽  
Jason L. Puchalla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ganglion Cell ◽  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Electrode Array ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Temporal Features ◽  
Multiple Stimulus ◽  
Feature Selectivity ◽  
Small Set ◽  
Stimulus Features

Under normal viewing conditions, retinal ganglion cells transmit to the brain an encoded version of the visual world. The retina parcels the visual scene into an array of spatiotemporal features, and each ganglion cell conveys information about a small set of these features. We study the temporal features represented by salamander retinal ganglion cells by stimulating with dynamic spatially uniform flicker and recording responses using a multi-electrode array. While standard reverse correlation methods determine a single stimulus feature—the spike-triggered average—multiple features can be relevant to spike generation. We apply covariance analysis to determine the set of features to which each ganglion cell is sensitive. Using this approach, we found that salamander ganglion cells represent a rich vocabulary of different features of a temporally modulated visual stimulus. Individual ganglion cells were sensitive to at least two and sometimes as many as six features in the stimulus. While a fraction of the cells can be described by a filter-and-fire cascade model, many cells have feature selectivity that has not previously been reported. These reverse models were able to account for 80–100% of the information encoded by ganglion cells.

scholarly journals Strong and specific connections between retinal axon mosaics and midbrain neurons revealed by large scale paired recordings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérémie Sibille ◽  
Carolin Gehr ◽  
Jonathan I. Benichov ◽  
Hymavathy Balasubramanian ◽  
Kai Lun Teh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
High Density ◽  
List Type ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Midbrain Neurons

SUMMARYThe superior colliculus (SC) is a midbrain structure that plays important roles in visually guided behaviors. Neurons in the SC receive afferent inputs from retinal ganglion cells (RGC), the output cells of the retina, but how SC neurons integrate RGC activity in vivo is unknown. SC neurons might be driven by strong but sparse retinal inputs, thereby reliably transmitting specific retinal functional channels. Alternatively, SC neurons could sum numerous but weak inputs, thereby extracting new features by combining a diversity of retinal signals. Here, we discovered that high-density electrodes simultaneously capture the activity and the location of large populations of retinal axons and their postsynaptic SC target neurons, permitting us to investigate the retinocollicular circuit on a structural and functional level in vivo. We show that RGC axons in the mouse are organized in mosaics that provide a single cell precise representation of the retina as input to SC. This isomorphic mapping between retina and SC builds the scaffold for highly specific wiring in the retinocollicular circuit which we show is characterized by strong connections and limited functional convergence, established in log-normally distributed connection strength. Because our novel method of large-scale paired recordings is broadly applicable for investigating functional connectivity across brain regions, we were also able to identify retinal inputs to the avian optic tectum of the zebra finch. We found common wiring rules in mammals and birds that provide a precise and reliable representation of the visual world encoded in RGCs to neurons in retinorecipient areas.HIGHLIGHTSHigh-density electrodes capture the activity of afferent axons and target neurons in vivoRetinal ganglion cells axons are organized in mosaicsSingle cell precise isomorphism between dendritic and axonal RGC mosaicsMidbrain neurons are driven by sparse but strong retinal inputsFunctional wiring of the retinotectal circuit is similar in mammals and birds

scholarly journals Non-parametric physiological classification of retinal ganglion cells in the mouse retina

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Jouty ◽  
Gerrit Hilgen ◽  
Evelyne Sernagor ◽  
Matthias H. Hennig
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Distance Measure ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
High Density ◽  
Mouse Retina ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Electrode Arrays

Retinal ganglion cells, the sole output neurons of the retina, exhibit surprising diversity. A recent study reported over 30 distinct types in the mouse retina, indicating that the processing of visual information is highly parallelised in the brain. The advent of high density multi-electrode arrays now enables recording from many hundreds to thousands of neurons from a single retina. Here we describe a method for the automatic classification of large-scale retinal recordings using a simple stimulus paradigm and a spike train distance measure as a clustering metric. We evaluate our approach using synthetic spike trains, and demonstrate that major known cell types are identified in high-density recording sessions from the mouse retina with around 1000 retinal ganglion cells. A comparison across different retinas reveals substantial variability between preparations, suggesting pooling data across retinas should be approached with caution. As a parameter-free method, our approach is broadly applicable for cellular physiological classification in all sensory modalities.

scholarly journals Single-pixel epiretinal stimulation with a wide-field and high-density retinal prosthesis for artificial vision

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naïg Aurelia Ludmilla Chenais ◽  
Marta Jole Ildelfonsa Airaghi Leccardi ◽  
Diego Ghezzi
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Dendritic Tree ◽  
High Density ◽  
Artificial Vision ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Retinal Stimulation ◽  
Single Pixel

AbstractRetinal prostheses hold the promise of restoring artificial vision in profoundly and totally blind people. However, a decade of clinical trials highlighted quantitative limitations hampering the possibility to reach this goal. A key obstacle to suitable retinal stimulation is the ability to independently activate retinal neurons over a large portion of the subject’s visual field. Reaching such a goal would significantly improve the perception accuracy in the users of retinal implants, along with their spatial cognition, attention, ambient mapping and interaction with the environment. Here we show a wide-field, high-density and high-resolution photovoltaic epiretinal prosthesis for artificial vision. The prosthesis embeds 10,498 physically and functionally independent photovoltaic pixels allowing for both wide retinal coverage and high-resolution stimulation. Single-pixel illumination reproducibly induced network-mediated responses from retinal ganglion cells at safe irradiance levels. Furthermore, the prosthesis enables a sub-receptive field response resolution for retinal ganglion cells having a dendritic tree larger than the pixel’s pitch. This approach could allow the restoration of mid-peripheric artificial vision in patients with retinitis pigmentosa.

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