scholarly journals The Feasibility of Targeted Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoagent for Noninvasive IgA Nephropathy Diagnosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaoyao Wu ◽  
Qiang Huang ◽  
Junli Wang ◽  
Yuhua Dai ◽  
Ming Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iga Nephropathy ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Integrin Αvβ3 ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Arginine Glycine Aspartic Acid ◽  
Stage Renal Disease

IgA nephropathy is the most common glomerular disease in the world and has become a serious threat to human health. Accurate and non-invasive molecular imaging to detect and recognize the IgA nephropathy is critical for the subsequent timely treatment; otherwise, it may progress to end-stage renal disease and lead to glomerular dysfunction. In this study, we have developed a sensitive, specific, and biocompatible integrin αvβ3-targeted superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) for the noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of integrin αvβ3, which is overexpressed in glomerular mesangial region of IgA nephropathy. The rat model of IgA nephropathy was successfully established and verified by biochemical tests and histological staining. Meanwhile, the clinical 18F-AlF-NOTA-PRGD2 probe molecule was utilized to visualize and further confirmed the IgA nephropathy in vivo via positron emission computed tomography. Subsequently, the Fe3O4 NPs were conjugated with arginine–glycine–aspartic acid (RGD) molecules (Fe3O4-RGD), and their integrin αvβ3-targeted T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) potential has been carefully evaluated. The Fe3O4-RGD demonstrated great relaxation in vivo. The T2WI signal of renal layers in the targeted group at 3 h after intravenous injection of Fe3O4-RGD was distinctly lower than baseline, indicating MRI signal decreased in the established IgA nephropathy rat model. Moreover, the TEM characterization and Prussian blue staining confirmed that the Fe3O4-RGD was located at the region of glomerulus and tubular interstitium. Moreover, no obvious signal decreased was detected in the untargeted Fe3O4 treated and normal groups. Collectively, our results establish the possibility of Fe3O4-RGD serving as a feasible MRI agent for the noninvasive diagnosis of IgA nephropathy.

scholarly journals Impaired functional recovery of endothelial colony-forming cells from moyamoya disease in a chronic cerebral hypoperfusion rat model

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Ah Choi ◽  
Sangjoon Chong ◽  
Pil Ae Kwak ◽  
Youn Joo Moon ◽  
Anshika Jangra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moyamoya Disease ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion ◽  
Cerebral Hypoperfusion ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Endothelial Colony Forming Cells

OBJECTIVEEndothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) isolated from pediatric patients with moyamoya disease (MMD) have demonstrated decreased numbers and defective functioning in in vitro experiments. However, the function of ECFCs has not been evaluated using in vivo animal models. In this study, the authors compared normal and MMD ECFCs using a chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) rat model.METHODSA CCH rat model was made via ligation of the bilateral common carotid arteries (2-vessel occlusion [2-VO]). The rats were divided into three experimental groups: vehicle-treated (n = 8), normal ECFC-treated (n = 8), and MMD ECFC-treated (n = 8). ECFCs were injected into the cisterna magna. A laser Doppler flowmeter was used to evaluate cerebral blood flow, and a radial arm maze test was used to examine cognitive function. Neuropathological examinations of the hippocampus and agranular cortex were performed using hematoxylin and eosin and Luxol fast blue staining in addition to immunofluorescence with CD31, von Willebrand factor, NeuN, myelin basic protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and cleaved caspase-3 antibodies.RESULTSThe normal ECFC-treated group exhibited improvement in the restoration of cerebral perfusion and in behavior compared with the vehicle-treated and MMD ECFC-treated groups at the 12-week follow-up after the 2-VO surgery. The normal ECFC-treated group showed a greater amount of neovasculogenesis and neurogenesis, with less apoptosis, than the other groups.CONCLUSIONSThese results support the impaired functional recovery of MMD ECFCs compared with normal ECFCs in a CCH rat model. This in vivo study suggests the functional role of ECFCs in the pathogenesis of MMD.

scholarly journals Radionuclide imaging of apoptosis for clinical application

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiyi Qin ◽  
Han Jiang ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Hong Zhang ◽  
Mei Tian
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Radionuclide Imaging ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Biochemical Changes ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission

AbstractApoptosis was a natural, non-inflammatory, energy-dependent form of programmed cell death (PCD) that can be discovered in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Based on its characteristic biochemical changes, a great number of apoptosis probes for single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) have been developed. Radionuclide imaging with these tracers were potential for the repetitive and selective detection of apoptotic cell death in vivo, without the need for invasive biopsy. In this review, we overviewed molecular mechanism and specific biochemical changes in apoptotic cells and summarized the existing tracers that have been used in clinical trials as well as their potentialities and limitations. Particularly, we highlighted the clinic applications of apoptosis imaging as diagnostic markers, early-response indicators, and prognostic predictors in multiple disease fields.

scholarly journals Nuclear medicine imaging technique in the erectile dysfunction evaluation: a mini-review

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (spe) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Godinho Ribeiro ◽  
Regina Moura ◽  
Rosane de Figueiredo Neves ◽  
Jean Pierre Spinosa ◽  
Mario Bernardo-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Sexual Arousal ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Nuclear Medicine Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission

Functional imaging with positron emission tomography and single photon emission computed tomography is capable of visualizing subtle changes in physiological function in vivo. Erectile dysfunction(ED) diminishes quality of life for affected men and their partners. Identification of neural substrates may provide information regarding the pathophysiology of types of sexual dysfunction originating in the brain. The aim of this work is to verify the approaches of the nuclear medicine techniques in the evaluation of the erectile function/disfunction. A search using the words ED and nuclear medicine, ED and scintigraphy, ED and spect and ED and pet was done in the PubMed. The number of citations in each subject was determined. Neuroimaging techniques offer insight into brain regions involved in sexual arousal and inhibition. To tackle problems such as hyposexual disorders or ED caused by brain disorders, it is crucial to understand how the human brain controls sexual arousal and penile erection.

Positron Emission Tomography Imaging for In Vivo Measuring of Myelin Content in the Lysolecithin Rat Model of Multiple Sclerosis

10.3791/62094 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele de Paula Faria ◽  
Caroline Cristiano Real ◽  
Larissa Estessi de Souza ◽  
Alexandre Teles Garcez ◽  
Fabio Luis Navarro Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography Imaging ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Tomography Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission

scholarly journals In vivo imaging of molecular targets and their function in endocrinology

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 253-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna E Burdette
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Target Identification ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Molecular Targets ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Photon Emission Computed Tomography

Imaging is one of the fastest growing fields of study. New technologies and multimodal approaches are increasing the application of imaging to determine molecular targets and functional processes in vivo. The identification of a specific target, transporter, or biological process using imaging has introduced major breakthroughs to the field of endocrinology primarily utilizing computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasonography, positron emission tomography, single-photon emission computed tomography, and optical imaging. This review provides a general background to the specific developments in imaging that pertains to in vivo function and target identification in endocrine-based diseases.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial-Targeted Molecular Imaging in Cardiac Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinhui Li ◽  
Jing Lu ◽  
You Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Molecular Imaging Probes ◽  
Imaging Probes ◽  
Targeted Molecular Imaging

The present study aimed to discuss the role of mitochondrion in cardiac function and disease. The mitochondrion plays a fundamental role in cellular processes ranging from metabolism to apoptosis. The mitochondrial-targeted molecular imaging could potentially illustrate changes in global and regional cardiac dysfunction. The collective changes that occur in mitochondrial-targeted molecular imaging probes have been widely explored and developed. As probes currently used in the preclinical setting still have a lot of shortcomings, the development of myocardial metabolic activity, viability, perfusion, and blood flow molecular imaging probes holds great potential for accurately evaluating the myocardial viability and functional reserve. The advantages of molecular imaging provide a perspective on investigating the mitochondrial function of the myocardium in vivo noninvasively and quantitatively. The molecular imaging tracers of single-photon emission computed tomography and positron emission tomography could give more detailed information on myocardial metabolism and restoration. In this study, series mitochondrial-targeted99mTc-,123I-, and18F-labeled tracers displayed broad applications because they could provide a direct link between mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiac disease.

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