scholarly journals RNA Motifs and Modification Involve in RNA Long-Distance Transport in Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Wang ◽  
Xiaojun Li ◽  
Xiaojing Zhang ◽  
Qing Wang ◽  
Wenqian Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Binding ◽  
Rna Binding Proteins ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Rna Transport ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Rna Motifs ◽  
Related Sequence ◽  
Long Distance Transport ◽  
Nucleotide Mutation ◽  
Distance Transport

A large number of RNA molecules have been found in the phloem of higher plants, and they can be transported to distant organelles through the phloem. RNA signals are important cues to be evolving in fortification strategies by long-distance transportation when suffering from various physiological challenges. So far, the mechanism of RNA selectively transportation through phloem cells is still in progress. Up to now, evidence have shown that several RNA motifs including Polypyrimidine (poly-CU) sequence, transfer RNA (tRNA)-related sequence, Single Nucleotide Mutation bound with specific RNA binding proteins to form Ribonucleotide protein (RNP) complexes could facilitate RNA mobility in plants. Furthermore, some RNA secondary structure such as tRNA-like structure (TLS), untranslation region (UTR) of mRNA, stem-loop structure of pre-miRNA also contributed to the mobility of RNAs. Latest researchs found that RNA methylation such as methylated 5′ cytosine (m5C) played an important role in RNA transport and function. These studies lay a theoretical foundation to uncover the mechanism of RNA transport. We aim to provide ideas and clues to inspire future research on the function of RNA motifs in RNA long-distance transport, furthermore to explore the underlying mechanism of RNA systematic signaling.

scholarly journals Binding and transport of SFPQ-RNA granules by KIF5A/KLC1 motors promotes axon survival

2020 ◽  
Vol 220 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuke Fukuda ◽  
Maria F. Pazyra-Murphy ◽  
Elizabeth S. Silagi ◽  
Ozge E. Tasdemir-Yilmaz ◽  
Yihang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Binding ◽  
Local Translation ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Rna Granules ◽  
Long Distance Transport ◽  
Degenerative Disorders ◽  
Fast Transport ◽  
Axon Survival ◽  
Distance Transport

Complex neural circuitry requires stable connections formed by lengthy axons. To maintain these functional circuits, fast transport delivers RNAs to distal axons where they undergo local translation. However, the mechanism that enables long-distance transport of RNA granules is not yet understood. Here, we demonstrate that a complex containing RNA and the RNA-binding protein (RBP) SFPQ interacts selectively with a tetrameric kinesin containing the adaptor KLC1 and the motor KIF5A. We show that the binding of SFPQ to the KIF5A/KLC1 motor complex is required for axon survival and is impacted by KIF5A mutations that cause Charcot-Marie Tooth (CMT) disease. Moreover, therapeutic approaches that bypass the need for local translation of SFPQ-bound proteins prevent axon degeneration in CMT models. Collectively, these observations indicate that KIF5A-mediated SFPQ-RNA granule transport may be a key function disrupted in KIF5A-linked neurologic diseases and that replacing axonally translated proteins serves as a therapeutic approach to axonal degenerative disorders.

scholarly journals The fungal RNA-binding protein Rrm4 mediates long-distance transport of ubi1 and rho3 mRNAs

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (13) ◽  
pp. 1855-1866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian König ◽  
Sebastian Baumann ◽  
Janine Koepke ◽  
Thomas Pohlmann ◽  
Kathi Zarnack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Binding ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Rna Binding Protein ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Long Distance Transport ◽  
Distance Transport

scholarly journals Microtubule-Dependent mRNA Transport in Fungi

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 982-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathi Zarnack ◽  
Michael Feldbrügge
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Motors ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Rna Binding Proteins ◽  
Hyphal Growth ◽  
Subcellular Targeting ◽  
Mrna Transport ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Long Distance Transport

ABSTRACT The localization and local translation of mRNAs constitute an important mechanism to promote the correct subcellular targeting of proteins. mRNA localization is mediated by the active transport of mRNPs, large assemblies consisting of mRNAs and associated factors such as RNA-binding proteins. Molecular motors move mRNPs along the actin or microtubule cytoskeleton for short-distance or long-distance trafficking, respectively. In filamentous fungi, microtubule-based long-distance transport of vesicles, which are involved in membrane and cell wall expansion, supports efficient hyphal growth. Recently, we discovered that the microtubule-mediated transport of mRNAs is essential for the fast polar growth of infectious filaments in the corn pathogen Ustilago maydis. Combining in vivo UV cross-linking and RNA live imaging revealed that the RNA-binding protein Rrm4, which constitutes an integral part of the mRNP transport machinery, mediates the transport of distinct mRNAs encoding polarity factors, protein synthesis factors, and mitochondrial proteins. Moreover, our results indicate that microtubule-dependent mRNA transport is evolutionarily conserved from fungi to higher eukaryotes. This raises the exciting possibility of U. maydis as a model system to uncover basic concepts of long-distance mRNA transport.

scholarly journals Fast Transport of RNA Granules by Direct Interactions with KIF5A/KLC1 Motors Prevents Axon Degeneration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuke Fukuda ◽  
Maria F. Pazyra-Murphy ◽  
Ozge E. Tasdemir-Yilmaz ◽  
Yihang Li ◽  
Lillian Rose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Binding ◽  
Axon Degeneration ◽  
Local Translation ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Rna Granules ◽  
Long Distance Transport ◽  
Degenerative Disorders ◽  
Fast Transport ◽  
Axon Survival ◽  
Distance Transport

AbstractComplex neural circuitry requires stable connections formed by lengthy axons. To maintain these functional circuits, fast transport delivers RNAs to distal axons where they undergo local translation. However, the mechanism that enables long distance transport of non-membrane enclosed organelles such as RNA granules is not known. Here we demonstrate that a complex containing RNA and the RNA-binding protein (RBP) SFPQ interacts directly with a tetrameric kinesin containing the adaptor KLC1 and the motor KIF5A. We show that binding of SFPQ to KIF5A/KLC1 motor complex is required for axon survival and is impacted by KIF5A mutations that cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) Disease. Moreover, therapeutic approaches that bypass the need for local translation of SFPQ-bound proteins prevent axon degeneration in CMT models. Collectively, these observations show that non-membrane enclosed organelles can move autonomously and that replacing axonally translated proteins provides a therapeutic approach to axonal degenerative disorders.

The Fine Structure of Phloem Cells

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 632-635
Author(s):  
James Cronshaw
Keyword(s):  
Structural Studies ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Phloem Tissue ◽  
Sieve Elements ◽  
Long Distance Transport ◽  
P Protein ◽  
Companion Cells ◽  
Electron Microscopical ◽  
Distance Transport

Long distance transport in plants takes place in phloem tissue which has characteristic cells, the sieve elements. At maturity these cells have sieve areas in their end walls with specialized perforations. They are associated with companion cells, parenchyma cells, and in some species, with transfer cells. The protoplast of the functioning sieve element contains a high concentration of sugar, and consequently a high hydrostatic pressure, which makes it extremely difficult to fix mature sieve elements for electron microscopical observation without the formation of surge artifacts. Despite many structural studies which have attempted to prevent surge artifacts, several features of mature sieve elements, such as the distribution of P-protein and the nature of the contents of the sieve area pores, remain controversial.

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