scholarly journals Genotypes of Rhizophora Propagules From a Non-mangrove Beach Provide Evidence of Recent Long-Distance Dispersal

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalene N. Ngeve ◽  
Nico Koedam ◽  
Ludwig Triest
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Research ◽  
Relative Difference ◽  
Source Population ◽  
Long Distance Dispersal ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Propagule Dispersal ◽  
Adult Trees ◽  
Southern Cameroon ◽  
Source Populations ◽  
Dispersal Events

Dispersal plays a crucial role in the connectivity of established mangrove populations and in species range dynamics. As species ranges shift in response to climate change, range expansions can occur from incremental short-distance dispersal events and from stochastic long-distance dispersal events. Most population genetic research dealt with historically accumulated events though evidence of actual propagule dispersal allows to estimate genotypic features and origin of founders. In this study, we aim to disentangle a contemporary dispersal event. Using microsatellite markers, we genotyped 60 Rhizophora racemosa drift propagules obtained on a bare unforested coastal area in southern Cameroon, estimated their relationship to 109 adult trees from most proximate sites (which were 3–85 km away), and assessed their relative difference with 873 trees of major mangrove areas (> 300 km) along the Cameroonian coastline. Proximate mangrove populations were considered as potential source populations in assignment tests. However, drift propagules could not be assigned to any of the Cameroonian mangrove sites and were genetically isolated from Cameroonian populations. Drift propagules showed higher levels of genetic diversity and private alleles giving a higher relatedness to each other than to any putative source population. Chloroplast sequences were used to confirm the identity of drift propagules as R. racemosa. We postulate that a complex interaction of ocean currents, estuarine geomorphology, and tidal patterns explain drift propagule dispersal to an area. Most likely the investigated cohort of propagules originated from more southern mangrove areas of the West African range beyond the Cameroonian border. This study unraveled the allelic, genetic, and genotypic features of stranded propagules following a stochastic long-distance dispersal. Transboundary dispersal of these propagules highlights the need for intergovernmental efforts in the management of biodiversity.

ARE LONG-DISTANCE DISPERSAL EVENTS IN PLANTS USUALLY CAUSED BY NONSTANDARD MEANS OF DISPERSAL?

Ecology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 84 (8) ◽  
pp. 1945-1956 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. I. Higgins ◽  
R. Nathan ◽  
M. L. Cain
Keyword(s):  
Long Distance Dispersal ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Dispersal Events

scholarly journals The global distribution ofBanana bunchy top virusreveals little evidence for frequent recent, human-mediated long distance dispersal events

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. vev009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisy Stainton ◽  
Darren P. Martin ◽  
Brejnev M. Muhire ◽  
Samiuela Lolohea ◽  
Mana’ia Halafihi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Distribution ◽  
Long Distance Dispersal ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Dispersal Events

Do lowland habitats represent barriers to dispersal for a rainforest mayfly, Bungona narilla, in south-east Queensland?

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison J. McLean ◽  
Daniel J. Schmidt ◽  
Jane M. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Aquatic Insect ◽  
Restricted Gene Flow ◽  
Long Distance Dispersal ◽  
Genetic Structuring ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Heterogeneous Landscapes ◽  
Insect Populations ◽  
Dispersal Events ◽  
The Relationship

Long-distance dispersal might be an important mechanism for the maintenance of aquatic insect populations in heterogeneous landscapes. However, these events can be difficult to measure by direct observation because the techniques can be time-consuming, expensive and technically difficult. When dispersal results in gene flow within and between populations, patterns of variation can be detected by genetic methods. The levels of population genetic structuring and the relationship between gene flow and geographical distance were assessed in the mayfly species Bungona narilla (Harker, 1957) in rainforest streams in south-east Queensland that are separated by lowland habitats. An analysis of molecular variance based on mitochondrial DNA data, using a fragment of the cytochrome oxidase I gene, revealed significant differentiation between regions, suggesting that maternal gene flow was restricted. A nested clade analysis revealed patterns of historical (contiguous) range expansions and recent restricted gene flow along with some long-distance dispersal events. Our analyses have shown that populations of B. narilla are significantly structured throughout the species range in south-east Queensland and that the low elevation habitats separating the northern and southern populations are restricting gene flow to some extent.

Phylogeny and Biogeography of Acaena (Rosaceae) and its Relatives: Evidence of Multiple Long-Distance Dispersal Events Across the Globe

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 998-1010
Author(s):  
Javier Jauregui-Lazo ◽  
Daniel Potter
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Disjunct Distribution ◽  
Long Distance Dispersal ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Biogeographic Patterns ◽  
Dispersal Events

Abstract— Acaena (Rosaceae) is the most complex and ecologically variable genus in Sanguisorbinae. Although it has been the subject of several taxonomic treatments, the largest phylogenetic analysis to date only sampled a small fraction of the total global diversity (five to seven out of 45 to 50 species). This study included most of the species to elucidate the phylogenetic relationships of Acaena and biogeographic patterns in Sanguisorbinae. Phylogenetic analyses of non-coding nuclear (ITS region) and chloroplast (trnL-F) DNA sequence markers using maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses suggested that Acaena is a paraphyletic group with species of Margyricarpus and Tetraglochin nested within it. We identified strong support for eight subclades that are geographically or taxonomically structured. Nevertheless, the species-level relationships within subclades are still uncertain, which may be due to rapid diversification and lack of informative characters in the markers used. Sanguisorbinae, a primarily Southern Hemisphere clade, exhibits a classic Gondwana disjunct distribution. This current distribution is explained primarily by eight long-distance dispersal events. Our results suggested that Sanguisorbinae split into Cliffortia and Acaena around 13.6 mya. While Cliffortia diversified in southern South Africa, Acaena experienced several migration events in the Southern Hemisphere. Our estimation of the ancestral range suggested that Acaena likely originated in South Africa, followed by migration and subsequent diversification into southern South America. From there, the genus migrated to New Zealand, throughout the Andes, and to tropical areas in Central America, reaching as far north as California. Chile and New Zealand are the main sources of propagules for dispersal as well as the greatest diversity for the genus. The evolutionary relationships of species in Acaena combine a history of rapid diversifications, long-distance dispersals, and genetic variation within some taxa. Further research should be undertaken to clarify the infraspecific classification of A. magellanica.

scholarly journals Climate-driven vicariance and long-distance dispersal explain the Rand Flora pattern in the liverwort Exormotheca pustulosa (Marchantiophyta)

2020 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
pp. 480-496
Author(s):  
Ana Sofia Bartolomeu Rodrigues ◽  
Anabela Martins ◽  
César Augusto Garcia ◽  
Cecília Sérgio ◽  
Ron Porley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Miocene ◽  
Divergence Time ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Disjunct Distribution ◽  
Long Distance Dispersal ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Divergence Time Estimates ◽  
Dispersal Events

Abstract The ‘Rand flora’ is a biogeographical disjunction which refers to plant lineages occurring at the margins of the African continent and neighbouring oceanic archipelagos. Here, we tested whether the phylogeographical pattern of Exormotheca pustulosa Mitt. was the result of vicariance induced by past climatic changes or the outcome of a series of recent long-distance dispersal events. Two chloroplast markers (rps4-trnF region and psbA-trnH spacer) and one nuclear marker (ITS2) were analysed. Phylogenetic and phylogeographical relationships were inferred as well as divergence time estimates and ancestral areas. Exormotheca possibly originated in Eastern Africa during the Late Oligocene/Early Miocene while Exormotheca putulosa diversified during the Late Miocene. Three main E. pustulosa groups were found: the northern Macaronesia/Western Mediterranean, the South Africa/Saint Helena and the Cape Verde groups. The major splits among these groups occurred during the Late Miocene/Pliocene; diversification was recent, dating back to the Pleistocene. Climate-driven vicariance and subsequent long-distance dispersal events may have shaped the current disjunct distribution of E. pustulosa that corresponds to the Rand Flora pattern. Colonization of Macaronesia seems to have occurred twice by two independent lineages. The evolutionary history of E. pustulosa populations of Cape Verde warrants further study.

scholarly journals Psoroma capense and P. esterhuyseniae (Pannariaceae), two new alpine species from South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 345-352
Author(s):  
Arve Elvebakk ◽  
Soon Gyu Hong ◽  
Chae Haeng Park ◽  
Teppo Rämä
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Secondary Compounds ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Long Distance Dispersal ◽  
Western Cape Province ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Alpine Species ◽  
Recent Collection ◽  
Dispersal Events

AbstractThe new species Psoroma capense and P. esterhuyseniae are described from four alpine localities in the Western Cape Province of South Africa and are the only known Psoroma species from Africa. The specimens were all collected from moist sites near watercourses, on cool and mostly south-facing cliffs. Psoroma capense resembles P. tenue in gross morphology but differs in the ascending thallus squamules, lack of secondary compounds and short-ellipsoid to ovoid ascospores. However, a phylogenetic analysis involving the markers ITS, nucLSU, mtSSU and Mcm7, comparing the only recent collection of P. capense with previously published sequences, shows that it belongs to the P. hypnorum lineage, with no known, closely related species. Psoroma esterhuyseniae resembles P. hypnorum but has subglobose to short-ellipsoid ascospores without apical perispore extensions. The two species are thought to have evolved from one or two long-distance dispersal events during the Pleistocene.

scholarly journals So close and yet so far away: long‐distance dispersal events govern bryophyte metacommunity reassembly

2016 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. 1707-1719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Barbé ◽  
Nicole J. Fenton ◽  
Yves Bergeron
Keyword(s):  
Long Distance Dispersal ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Dispersal Events

scholarly journals Identification of group A rotaviruses from Zambian fruit bats provides evidence for long-distance dispersal events in Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 104-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michihito Sasaki ◽  
Masahiro Kajihara ◽  
Katendi Changula ◽  
Akina Mori-Kajihara ◽  
Hirohito Ogawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Long Distance Dispersal ◽  
Fruit Bats ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Group A Rotaviruses ◽  
Group A ◽  
Dispersal Events

scholarly journals Seed-Dispersal Ability of the Invasive Perennial Vines Vincetoxicum nigrum and Vincetoxicum rossicum

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio DiTommaso ◽  
Courtney A. Stokes ◽  
Stéphane Cordeau ◽  
Lindsey R. Milbrath ◽  
Thomas H. Whitlow
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Dispersal Ability ◽  
Settling Rate ◽  
Long Distance Dispersal ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Vincetoxicum Rossicum ◽  
Release Height ◽  
Source Populations

AbstractBlack swallowwort [Vincetoxicum nigrum (L.) Moench] and pale swallowwort [Vincetoxicum rossicum (Kleopow) Barb.] are perennial vines of European origin that invade natural areas and perennial cropping systems in the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada. Both species reproduce via wind-dispersed seeds in the form of achenes with comas, but little is known about the extent of dispersal of these seeds. We studied the relationship of seed release height (0.75 m, 2 m), wind speed at the time of release, seed mass, and settling rate on distance traveled. Vincetoxicum nigrum and V. rossicum seeds traveled up to 72.1 and 79.6 m, respectively. Seeds of both species released from 2 m traveled greater distances than seeds released from 0.75 m, which fell within 20 m of the release point. Release height was the most important factor influencing long-distance dispersal events. Wind speed also strongly interacted with release height for long-distance dispersal of V. nigrum. Vincetoxicum nigrum seed mass was greater and settling rates faster than for V. rossicum. Increasing seed mass generally increased settling rate, which in turn decreased distance traveled, except in V. rossicum, for which longer distance–dispersing seeds had a faster settling rate. Our findings suggest that management efforts focus on reducing the presence of these two vines, especially if there is potential for them to climb up taller vegetation such as trees. Seeds released from these greater heights are more likely to travel far from source populations and initiate new populations. Preventing seed production in small, nonclimbing patches will also help suppress the expansion of these two vines, as seeds can still disperse up to 20 m away from parent plants.

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