The Role of Endocrine G Protein-Coupled Receptors in Ovarian Cancer Progression

AbstractInflammation has been well recognized as one of the main drivers of atherosclerosis development and therefore cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). It has been shown that several chemokines, small 8 to 12 kDa cytokines with chemotactic properties, play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. Chemokines classically mediate their effects by binding to G-protein-coupled receptors called chemokine receptors. In addition, chemokines can also bind to atypical chemokine receptors (ACKRs). ACKRs fail to induce G-protein-dependent signalling pathways and thus subsequent cellular response, but instead are able to internalize, scavenge or transport chemokines. In this review, we will give an overview of the current knowledge about the involvement of ACKR1–4 in CVDs and especially in atherosclerosis development. In the recent years, several studies have highlighted the importance of ACKRs in CVDs, although there are still several controversies and unexplored aspects that have to be further elucidated. A better understanding of the precise role of these atypical receptors may pave the way towards novel and improved therapeutic strategies.

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The Role of MC1R in Speciation & Phylogeny

The American Biology Teacher ◽

10.1525/abt.2013.75.9.8 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 75 (9) ◽

pp. 670-676 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Susan Offner

Keyword(s):

G Protein ◽

Point Mutation ◽

Solomon Island ◽

G Protein Coupled Receptors ◽

Ancestral Population ◽

Mc1r Gene ◽

The Many ◽

Evolutionary Consequences ◽

G Protein Coupled

A point mutation in the MC1R gene, a G-protein-coupled receptor, has been found that could have led to the formation of two subspecies of Solomon Island flycatcher from a single ancestral population. I discuss the many roles that G-protein-coupled receptors play in vertebrate physiology and how one particular point mutation can have enormous evolutionary consequences.

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New thoughts on the role of the βγ subunit in G protein signal transduction

Biochemistry and Cell Biology ◽

10.1139/o00-075 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 78 (5) ◽

pp. 537-550 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Barbara Vanderbeld ◽

Gregory M Kelly

Keyword(s):

Signal Transduction ◽

G Protein ◽

G Proteins ◽

G Protein Coupled Receptors ◽

Limited Information ◽

Α Subunit ◽

Downstream Effectors ◽

Receptor Signal ◽

G Protein Coupled

Heterotrimeric G proteins are involved in numerous biological processes, where they mediate signal transduction from agonist-bound G-protein-coupled receptors to a variety of intracellular effector molecules and ion channels. G proteins consist of two signaling moieties: a GTP-bound α subunit and a βγ heterodimer. The βγ dimer, recently credited as a significant modulator of G-protein-mediated cellular responses, is postulated to be a major determinant of signaling fidelity between G-protein-coupled receptors and downstream effectors. In this review we have focused on the role of βγ signaling and have included examples to demonstrate the heterogeneity in the heterodimer composition and its implications in signaling fidelity. We also present an overview of some of the effectors regulated by βγ and draw attention to the fact that, although G proteins and their associated receptors play an instrumental role in development, there is rather limited information on βγ signaling in embryogenesis.Key words: G protein, βγ subunit, G-protein-coupled receptor, signal transduction, adenylyl cyclase.

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Interactions between Two Different G Protein-Coupled Receptors in Reproductive Hormone-Producing Cells: The Role of PACAP and Its Receptor PAC1R

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms17101635 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 17 (10) ◽

pp. 1635 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Haruhiko Kanasaki ◽

Aki Oride ◽

Tomomi Hara ◽

Tselmeg Mijiddorj ◽

Unurjargal Sukhbaatar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

G Protein ◽

G Protein Coupled Receptors ◽

Reproductive Hormone ◽

G Protein Coupled

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Experimental Systems for Studying the Role of G-Protein-Coupled Receptors in Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signal Transduction

Methods in Enzymology - Regulators of G-Protein Signaling, Part B ◽

10.1016/s0076-6879(04)90028-6 ◽

2004 ◽

pp. 451-475 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Nigel J. Pyne ◽

Catherine Waters ◽

Noreen Akhtar Moughal ◽

Balwinder Sambi ◽

Michelle Connell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Signal Transduction ◽

Tyrosine Kinase ◽

G Protein ◽

Receptor Tyrosine Kinase ◽

G Protein Coupled Receptors ◽

Experimental Systems ◽

G Protein Coupled

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The CCL20-CCR6 Axis in Cancer Progression

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms21155186 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (15) ◽

pp. 5186 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Suguru Kadomoto ◽

Kouji Izumi ◽

Atsushi Mizokami

Keyword(s):

Cancer Progression ◽

Immune Cell ◽

G Protein Coupled Receptors ◽

Virus Infections ◽

Cancer Breast ◽

Inflammatory Protein ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

G Protein Coupled ◽

Macrophage Inflammatory Protein

Chemokines, which are basic proteins that exert their effects via G protein-coupled receptors and a subset of the cytokine family, are mediators deeply involved in leukocyte migration during an inflammatory reaction. Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20 (CCL20), also known as macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-3α, liver activation regulated chemokine (LARC), and Exodus-1, is a small protein that is physiologically expressed in the liver, colon, and skin, is involved in tissue inflammation and homeostasis, and has a specific receptor C-C chemokine receptor 6 (CCR6). The CCL20-CCR6 axis has long been known to be involved in inflammatory and infectious diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and human immunodeficiency virus infections. Recently, however, reports have shown that the CCL20-CCR6 axis is associated with several cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, cervical cancer, and kidney cancer. The CCL20-CCR6 axis promotes cancer progression directly by enhancing migration and proliferation of cancer cells and indirectly by remodeling the tumor microenvironment through immune cell control. The present article reviewed the role of the CCL20-CCR6 axis in cancer progression and its potential as a therapeutic target.

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