scholarly journals Soil Enzyme Activities and Their Relationships With Soil C, N, and P in Peatlands From Different Types of Permafrost Regions, Northeast China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Liu ◽  
Yanyu Song ◽  
Xingfeng Dong ◽  
Xianwei Wang ◽  
Xiuyan Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Soil Enzymes ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Permafrost Region ◽  
Permafrost Degradation ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Continuous Permafrost ◽  
Permafrost Regions

Peatland is a key component of terrestrial ecosystems in permafrost regions and have important effects on climate warming. Soil enzymes are involved in biogeochemical cycle of soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), which can be used as early sensitive indicators of soil nutrient changes caused by climate change. To predict the possible effects of permafrost degradation on soil enzymes in peatlands, ten peatlands from three types of permafrost regions along the permafrost degradation sequence (predominantly continuous permafrost region-predominantly continuous and island permafrost region-sparsely island permafrost region) in northeast China were selected to examine the activities of soil invertase, β-glucosidase, urease and acid phosphatase and their relationships with soil physicochemical properties. The results demonstrated that permafrost type had significant effect on soil enzyme activities. Soil enzyme activities in predominantly continuous and island permafrost region were significantly higher than those in sparsely island permafrost region and predominantly continuous permafrost region. The activities of four soil enzymes were higher in 0–15 cm than 15–30 cm soil layer. Soil enzymes activities were positively correlated with soil ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), soil moisture content (SMC), total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN), but negatively correlated with soil nitrate nitrogen (NO3−-N). Soil inorganic nitrogen and moisture contents were the main factors affecting soil enzyme activities, with NH4+-N accounted for 41.6% of the variance, SMC 29.6%, and NO3−-N 11.0%. These results suggested that permafrost degradation may change soil enzyme activities by changing soil physicochemical properties. In this study, only 0–30 cm peat soil in permafrost regions was collected during the complete thawing period of permafrost active layer, further studies should be placed on the change of soil enzyme activities in active layer and permafrost layer during freezing and thawing process in the southernmost location of northeast China in the Eurasia permafrost body and boreal forest belt.

scholarly journals Effects of Allelochemicals, Soil Enzyme Activities, and Environmental Factors on Rhizosphere Soil Microbial Community of Stellera chamaejasme L. along a Growth-Coverage Gradient

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Jinan Cheng ◽  
Hui Jin ◽  
Jinlin Zhang ◽  
Zhongxiang Xu ◽  
Xiaoyan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Stellera Chamaejasme

Allelochemicals released from the root of Stellera chamaejasme L. into rhizosphere soil are an important factor for its invasion of natural grasslands. The aim of this study is to explore the interactions among allelochemicals, soil physicochemical properties, soil enzyme activities, and the rhizosphere soil microbial communities of S. chamaejasme along a growth-coverage gradient. High-throughput sequencing was used to determine the microbial composition of the rhizosphere soil sample, and high-performance liquid chromatography was used to detect allelopathic substances. The main fungal phyla in the rhizosphere soil with a growth coverage of 0% was Basidiomycetes, and the other sample plots were Ascomycetes. Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria were the dominant bacterial phyla in all sites. RDA analysis showed that neochamaejasmin B, chamaechromone, and dihydrodaphnetin B were positively correlated with Ascomycota and Glomeromycota and negatively correlated with Basidiomycota. Neochamaejasmin B and chamaechromone were positively correlated with Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria and negatively correlated with Acidobacteria and Planctomycetes. Allelochemicals, soil physicochemical properties, and enzyme activity affected the composition and diversity of the rhizosphere soil microbial community to some extent. When the growth coverage of S. chamaejasme reached the primary stage, it had the greatest impact on soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities.

Soil Enzyme Activities in Permafrost Regions of the Western Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

2012 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 1280-1289 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. D. Wu ◽  
L. Zhao ◽  
H.B. Fang ◽  
J. Chen ◽  
Q. Q. Pang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Permafrost Regions

On the way towards conservation tillage on the activities of soil enzymes related to carbon cycle in a multi-sequence maize-wheat-soybean rotation system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu Dong ◽  
Yan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Enzymes ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Rotation System

<p><strong>On the way towards conservation tillage on the activities of soil enzymes related to carbon cycle in a multi-sequence maize-wheat-soybean rotation system</strong></p><p><strong>Authors: </strong><strong>Xiu Dong<sup>1,2</sup></strong>,<strong> Yan Zhang<sup>1,2</sup>, Yuying Shen<sup>1,2*</sup></strong></p><p><strong>Affiliations:</strong></p><p><sup>1</sup>State key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, PR China</p><p><sup>2</sup>College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, PR China</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Designing and developing sustainable cropping systems and reasonable cultivation measures have become the major focuses in the semiarid Loess Plateau region of China. However, long-term conservation tillage practices on the activities of soil enzymes related to carbon cycle in maize-wheat-soybean rotation system are still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of 19 years of conservation tillage practices on the cellobiohydrolase (CBH), β-1,4-glucosidase (BG) and β-1,4-xylosidase (BXYL) activities in the 0-20 cm soil depth under a two-year cycle spring maize (Zea mays L.)-winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) -summer soybean (Glycine max L.) rotation cropping system. Treatments included conventional tillage (T), conventional tillage followed by straw mulching (TS), no tillage (NT), and no tillage followed by straw mulching (NTS). We found that conservation tillage practices could increase soil enzyme activities significantly, the highest soil CBH and BG activities were in NTS (1.25 and 5.72 nmol·g<sup>-1</sup>·h<sup>-1</sup>)， the highest soil BX activities were in TS (2.13 nmol·g<sup>-1</sup>·h<sup>-1</sup>). Compared to T, no tillage had no effect on soil enzymes activities. The effects of conservation tillage practices on soil enzyme activities varied with soil depth, higher soil enzyme activities were showed in the 0-5 cm than in 5-20 cm soil depths. In addition, our results indicated that the key factors driving the changes in soil enzyme activities were soil microbial biomass carbon and organic carbon. This finding highlighted the importance of conversation tillage practices on maintaining the soil carbon pool in rotation ecosystem.</p>

Effects of GFP Transplastomic Tobacco on Soil Enzyme Activities

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 232-235
Author(s):  
Chang Hong Guo ◽  
Qing Guo Liu ◽  
Yue Ping Lv
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Enzymes ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Transplastomic Tobacco

In this study, the GFP transplastomic tobacco (TG) and non-transgenetic (WT) were compared to study the effects of GFP transplastomic tobacco on soil enzyme activities. The activities of some soil enzymes (urease, cellulase, protease, and invertase) were determined at seeding stage, vegetative stage, flowering stage, and senescing stage. The results showed that there was no significant difference on the activities of urease, cellulase, protease, and invertase between GFP transplastomic tobacco and non-transgenetic at same growing stage. No matter transplastpmic tobacco or controls, the soil enzyme activities of the vegetative stage and flowering stage were higher than seeding stage and senescing stage. The results suggest that the effects of GFP transplastomic tobacco to major soil enzyme activities were not significant.

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