Effects of GFP Transplastomic Tobacco on Soil Enzyme Activities

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 232-235
Author(s):  
Chang Hong Guo ◽  
Qing Guo Liu ◽  
Yue Ping Lv
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Enzymes ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Transplastomic Tobacco

In this study, the GFP transplastomic tobacco (TG) and non-transgenetic (WT) were compared to study the effects of GFP transplastomic tobacco on soil enzyme activities. The activities of some soil enzymes (urease, cellulase, protease, and invertase) were determined at seeding stage, vegetative stage, flowering stage, and senescing stage. The results showed that there was no significant difference on the activities of urease, cellulase, protease, and invertase between GFP transplastomic tobacco and non-transgenetic at same growing stage. No matter transplastpmic tobacco or controls, the soil enzyme activities of the vegetative stage and flowering stage were higher than seeding stage and senescing stage. The results suggest that the effects of GFP transplastomic tobacco to major soil enzyme activities were not significant.

The response of soil enzyme activity to seasonal and microtopographical variations in the sedge peatlands in Changbai Mountain, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Changbai Mountain ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Significant Difference

<p>Hummock-hollow microtopography is a common feature in northern peatlands. It<br>creates microsites of variable hydrology, vegetation, and soil biogeochemistry, thus affect soil C<br>cycling in peatlands at the local scale. This study investigated effects of microtopography on soil<br>enzyme (β-1,4-glucosidase (βG), β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG), acid phosphatase (AP)<br>and peroxidase (PER)) activities and environment variables as well as their relationships in a<br>typical sedge peatland in Changbai Mountain, northeast of China. Our results showed that the<br>enzyme activities in the sedge peatland significantly varied across seasons and microtopographical<br>positions. Soil enzyme activities in hummocks exhibited more obvious seasonal variation than<br>hollows, with the βG, AP and PER activities presented a distinct valley in summer and the<br>maximum values occurred in Spring or Autumn. Soil hydrolase (βG, NAG and AP) activities in<br>hummocks were significantly higher compared to hollows, while soil oxidase (PER enzyme)<br>activity in hollows was higher than hummocks. The NMDS analysis revealed that the influence<br>degree of microtopography on the enzyme activities was higher than that of seasonal variation.<br>Redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that the variations of soil enzyme activities in the peatland<br>were related to environmental variables, especially to water table depth (WTD), soil temperature<br>(ST), SOC, N availability and P availability. Furthermore, correlation analysis showed that the<br>three hydrolase (BG, NAG and AP) activities were positively correlated with soil TN, SOC and<br>C/N, and negatively correlated with WTD and TP. On the contrast, the PER activities were<br>positively correlated with TP, and negatively correlated with ST, SOC and C/N. The present<br>study demonstrated that small scale topographic heterogeneity created by hummock cause habitat<br>heterogeneity and thus lead to significant difference of soil enzyme activity between hummock<br>and hollow in the sedge peatlands. This finding provides further evidence of the importance of<br>peatland microtopography to C cycling and has direct implications for scaling biogeochemical<br>processes to the ecosystem level.</p>

On the way towards conservation tillage on the activities of soil enzymes related to carbon cycle in a multi-sequence maize-wheat-soybean rotation system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu Dong ◽  
Yan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Enzymes ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Rotation System

<p><strong>On the way towards conservation tillage on the activities of soil enzymes related to carbon cycle in a multi-sequence maize-wheat-soybean rotation system</strong></p><p><strong>Authors: </strong><strong>Xiu Dong<sup>1,2</sup></strong>,<strong> Yan Zhang<sup>1,2</sup>, Yuying Shen<sup>1,2*</sup></strong></p><p><strong>Affiliations:</strong></p><p><sup>1</sup>State key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, PR China</p><p><sup>2</sup>College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, PR China</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Designing and developing sustainable cropping systems and reasonable cultivation measures have become the major focuses in the semiarid Loess Plateau region of China. However, long-term conservation tillage practices on the activities of soil enzymes related to carbon cycle in maize-wheat-soybean rotation system are still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of 19 years of conservation tillage practices on the cellobiohydrolase (CBH), β-1,4-glucosidase (BG) and β-1,4-xylosidase (BXYL) activities in the 0-20 cm soil depth under a two-year cycle spring maize (Zea mays L.)-winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) -summer soybean (Glycine max L.) rotation cropping system. Treatments included conventional tillage (T), conventional tillage followed by straw mulching (TS), no tillage (NT), and no tillage followed by straw mulching (NTS). We found that conservation tillage practices could increase soil enzyme activities significantly, the highest soil CBH and BG activities were in NTS (1.25 and 5.72 nmol·g<sup>-1</sup>·h<sup>-1</sup>)， the highest soil BX activities were in TS (2.13 nmol·g<sup>-1</sup>·h<sup>-1</sup>). Compared to T, no tillage had no effect on soil enzymes activities. The effects of conservation tillage practices on soil enzyme activities varied with soil depth, higher soil enzyme activities were showed in the 0-5 cm than in 5-20 cm soil depths. In addition, our results indicated that the key factors driving the changes in soil enzyme activities were soil microbial biomass carbon and organic carbon. This finding highlighted the importance of conversation tillage practices on maintaining the soil carbon pool in rotation ecosystem.</p>

scholarly journals Soil Enzyme Activities and Their Relationships With Soil C, N, and P in Peatlands From Different Types of Permafrost Regions, Northeast China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Liu ◽  
Yanyu Song ◽  
Xingfeng Dong ◽  
Xianwei Wang ◽  
Xiuyan Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Soil Enzymes ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Permafrost Region ◽  
Permafrost Degradation ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Continuous Permafrost ◽  
Permafrost Regions

Peatland is a key component of terrestrial ecosystems in permafrost regions and have important effects on climate warming. Soil enzymes are involved in biogeochemical cycle of soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), which can be used as early sensitive indicators of soil nutrient changes caused by climate change. To predict the possible effects of permafrost degradation on soil enzymes in peatlands, ten peatlands from three types of permafrost regions along the permafrost degradation sequence (predominantly continuous permafrost region-predominantly continuous and island permafrost region-sparsely island permafrost region) in northeast China were selected to examine the activities of soil invertase, β-glucosidase, urease and acid phosphatase and their relationships with soil physicochemical properties. The results demonstrated that permafrost type had significant effect on soil enzyme activities. Soil enzyme activities in predominantly continuous and island permafrost region were significantly higher than those in sparsely island permafrost region and predominantly continuous permafrost region. The activities of four soil enzymes were higher in 0–15 cm than 15–30 cm soil layer. Soil enzymes activities were positively correlated with soil ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), soil moisture content (SMC), total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN), but negatively correlated with soil nitrate nitrogen (NO3−-N). Soil inorganic nitrogen and moisture contents were the main factors affecting soil enzyme activities, with NH4+-N accounted for 41.6% of the variance, SMC 29.6%, and NO3−-N 11.0%. These results suggested that permafrost degradation may change soil enzyme activities by changing soil physicochemical properties. In this study, only 0–30 cm peat soil in permafrost regions was collected during the complete thawing period of permafrost active layer, further studies should be placed on the change of soil enzyme activities in active layer and permafrost layer during freezing and thawing process in the southernmost location of northeast China in the Eurasia permafrost body and boreal forest belt.

Change Analysis of Enzyme Activity under Different Conditions of Film Remnant in Soil

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Xiao Guang Zhao ◽  
Yuan Yuan Guan ◽  
Wen Yu Huang
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Microorganism ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Change Analysis ◽  
Soil Material ◽  
The Relationship

In this paper, simulated experiments were performed in pots by using soil materials in different conditions of film remnant. Based on the research on soil microorganism quantity trends of soil enzyme activities were analyzed systematically: soil without film remnant, soil with film remnant for 5, 10, 15 and 20 years. By analyzing crop progress, the relationship with soil material was studied, in order to provide scientific basis for the variation laws between different conditions of film remnant and the activity of soil enzyme.

Distinct effects of N and P addition on soil enzyme activities and C distribution in aggregates in a subalpine spruce plantation

2018 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junsheng Huang ◽  
Wenjing Chen ◽  
Kaibin Qi ◽  
Bing Yang ◽  
Weikai Bao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
C Distribution ◽  
P Addition
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