On the way towards conservation tillage on the activities of soil enzymes related to carbon cycle in a multi-sequence maize-wheat-soybean rotation system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu Dong ◽  
Yan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Enzymes ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Rotation System

<p><strong>On the way towards conservation tillage on the activities of soil enzymes related to carbon cycle in a multi-sequence maize-wheat-soybean rotation system</strong></p><p><strong>Authors: </strong><strong>Xiu Dong<sup>1,2</sup></strong>,<strong> Yan Zhang<sup>1,2</sup>, Yuying Shen<sup>1,2*</sup></strong></p><p><strong>Affiliations:</strong></p><p><sup>1</sup>State key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, PR China</p><p><sup>2</sup>College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, PR China</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Designing and developing sustainable cropping systems and reasonable cultivation measures have become the major focuses in the semiarid Loess Plateau region of China. However, long-term conservation tillage practices on the activities of soil enzymes related to carbon cycle in maize-wheat-soybean rotation system are still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of 19 years of conservation tillage practices on the cellobiohydrolase (CBH), β-1,4-glucosidase (BG) and β-1,4-xylosidase (BXYL) activities in the 0-20 cm soil depth under a two-year cycle spring maize (Zea mays L.)-winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) -summer soybean (Glycine max L.) rotation cropping system. Treatments included conventional tillage (T), conventional tillage followed by straw mulching (TS), no tillage (NT), and no tillage followed by straw mulching (NTS). We found that conservation tillage practices could increase soil enzyme activities significantly, the highest soil CBH and BG activities were in NTS (1.25 and 5.72 nmol·g<sup>-1</sup>·h<sup>-1</sup>)， the highest soil BX activities were in TS (2.13 nmol·g<sup>-1</sup>·h<sup>-1</sup>). Compared to T, no tillage had no effect on soil enzymes activities. The effects of conservation tillage practices on soil enzyme activities varied with soil depth, higher soil enzyme activities were showed in the 0-5 cm than in 5-20 cm soil depths. In addition, our results indicated that the key factors driving the changes in soil enzyme activities were soil microbial biomass carbon and organic carbon. This finding highlighted the importance of conversation tillage practices on maintaining the soil carbon pool in rotation ecosystem.</p>

Soil enzyme activities suggest advantages of conservation tillage practices in sorghum cultivation under subtropical conditions

Geoderma ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 129 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 178-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Roldán ◽  
J.R. Salinas-García ◽  
M.M. Alguacil ◽  
E. Díaz ◽  
F. Caravaca
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Tillage Practices

scholarly journals Multi-Location Study of Soil Enzyme Activities as Affected by Types and Rates of Manure Application and Tillage Practices

Agriculture ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica Acosta-Martinez ◽  
Maysoon M. Mikha ◽  
Karamat R. Sistani ◽  
Phillip W. Stahlman ◽  
Joseph G. Benjamin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Manure Application ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Location Study

scholarly journals Effects of Deep Tillage and Straw Returning on Soil Microorganism and Enzyme Activities

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoyi Ji ◽  
Hao Hu ◽  
Yali Zhao ◽  
Xinyuan Mu ◽  
Kui Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Microorganism ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Deep Tillage ◽  
Loam Soil

Two field experiments were conducted for two years with the aim of studying the effects of deep tillage and straw returning on soil microorganism and enzyme activity in clay and loam soil. Three treatments, (1) conventional tillage (CT), shallow tillage and straw returning; (2) deep tillage (DT), deep tillage and straw returning; and (3) deep tillage with no straw returning (DNT), were carried out in clay and loam soil. The results showed that deep tillage and straw returning increased the abundance of soil microorganism and most enzyme activities. Deep tillage was more effective for increasing enzyme activities in clay, while straw returning was more effective in loam. Soil microorganism abundance and most enzyme activities decreased with the increase of soil depth. Deep tillage mainly affected soil enzyme activities in loam at the soil depth of 20–30 cm and in clay at the depth of 0–40 cm. Straw returning mainly affected soil microorganism and enzyme activities at the depths of 0–30 cm and 0–40 cm, respectively.

scholarly journals Interpretation of soil enzyme activities in a comparison of tillage practices along a topographic and textural gradient

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Bergstrom ◽  
C.M. Monreal ◽  
A. D. Tomlin ◽  
J.J. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Slope Position ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Tillage Practice ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
No Till ◽  
Ap Horizon ◽  
Lower Slope ◽  
Upper Slope

Assessment of the impacts of soil conservation practices requires measurement of the resulting changes in soil quality at scales inclusive of soil variability comparable to that of typical farms. The objective of this study was to compare changes in six soil enzyme activities (urease, glutaminase, phosphatase, arylsulfatase, β-glucosidase and dehydrogenase) and organic carbon (OC) content resulting from implementation of no-till along a topographic and soil textural gradient. Activities of β-glucosidase, glutaminase, phosphatase and arylsulfatase, and OC content were greater in coarse-textured soils at a lower slope-position than in fine-textured soil at an upper slope-position. Tillage practice influenced activities of urease, glutaminase, β-glucosidase and dehydrogenase but not OC content. The effect of tillage practice on enzyme activities was influenced by sampling depth and slope-position. Phosphatase and arylsulfatase activities of the Ap horizon behaved as indices of soil organic matter (SOM) content along the topographic gradient. Urease and dehydrogenase activities behaved as indices of soil biochemical activity within the Ap horizon. When interpreted in these terms, soil enzyme activities are comparable to other integrative measurements and as such describe system behavior and attributes. Key words: Soil enzyme activity, no-till, topographic position

scholarly journals Variations in Soil Enzyme Activities and Microbial Communities along an Altitudinal Gradient on the Eastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 681
Author(s):  
Shiyu Fan ◽  
Hui Sun ◽  
Jiyuan Yang ◽  
Jihong Qin ◽  
Danjie Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities

The Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau is the highest plateau in the world and is sensitive to climate change. The dynamics of soil enzyme activities and microbial communities are good indicators of alpine biochemical processes during warming. We collected topsoil (0–10 cm) and subsoil (10–20 cm) samples at altitudes of 3200–4000 m; determined the activities of β-1,4-glucosidase (BG), cellobiohydrolase (CBH), β-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAG) and acid phosphomonoesterase (PME); and performed Illumina 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. We found that the soil carbon (total organic carbon and dissolved organic carbon) and nitrogen (total nitrogen and dissolved organic nitrogen) fluctuated with altitude in both the topsoil and subsoil, whereas the dissolved phosphorus continuously decreased with the increasing altitude. BG and CBH decreased from 3200 to 3600 m and increased from 3800 to 4000 m, with the lowest levels occurring at 3600 m (topsoil) and 3800 m (subsoil). NAG and PME showed similar fluctuations with altitude, with the highest levels occurring at 3400 m and 4000 m in both the topsoil and subsoil. Generally, the altitudes from 3600 to 3800 m were an ecological transition belt where most of the nutrients and enzyme activities reached their lowest levels. All of the alpine soils shared similar dominant phyla, including Proteobacteria (32.7%), Acidobacteria (30.2%), Actinobacteria (7.7%), Bacteroidetes (4.4%), Planctomycetes (2.9%), Firmicutes (2.3%), Gemmatimonadetes (2.0%), Chloroflexi, (1.2%) and Nitrospirae (1.2%); Gemmatimonadetes and Verrucomicrobia were significantly affected by soil depth and Planctomycetes, Firmicutes, Gemmatimonadetes, Nitrospirae, Latescibacteria and Armatimonadetes were significantly affected by altitude. In addition, nutrient availability, enzyme activity and microbial diversity were higher in the topsoil than in the subsoil, and they had more significant correlations in the subsoil than in the topsoil. Our results provide useful insights into the close linkages between soil nutrient cycling and microbial activities on the eastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, and are of great significance for further assessing the long-term impact of environmental changes in the alpine ecosystems.

scholarly journals Enzyme Activity Variability and Comparison in Soils under Medicinal versus Crop Plants of Anguo City, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. p109
Author(s):  
Wenke Liu
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Crop Fields ◽  
Soil Urease

Long-term continuous cultivation of different plant species in a similar agroecosystem intensively may result in divergent variability in soil fertility, particularly soil biochemical properties. In this study, an investigation was conducted to clarify the variability of five soil enzyme activities (urease, protease, catalase, polyphenol oxidase and alkaline phosphatase) of croplands under medicinal plants (herbal fields) and food crops (crop fields) in Anguo city, a traditional cultivation base for Chinese medicinal plants in China. The results showed that five soil enzyme activities were similar between herbal and crop fields. However, soil urease and alkaline phosphatase activities of herbal and crop fields decreased significantly with soil depth (0-60 cm), while protease, catalase, polyphenol oxidase activities were similar in all soil layers for two kinds of fields. There were largely variation scenes at linear correlation analysis between soil physicochemical traits and enzymatic activities under medicinal plant versus crop fileds although extensively significant correlations were presented. In conclusion, soil enzyme activities were similar in two type of farmlands, and soil urease and alkaline phosphatase activities decreased with soil depth for both fields. Inconsistent linear correlations between soil physicochemical traits and enzymatic activities under medicinal plant versus crop fields were presented, so soil enzymatic activity variation was subjected to soil physicochemical traits dominated by agronomic managements designed for specific plant species.

Vertical Dynamics of Soil Enzyme Activities and Active Organic Carbon in a Freshwater Marsh in Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China

2014 ◽  
Vol 998-999 ◽  
pp. 1504-1507
Author(s):  
Zhong Mei Wan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Active Carbon ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Carbon Pool ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Marsh Soil ◽  
Active Organic Carbon

To understand the influence of vertical dynamics of soil enzyme activities on the active carbon pool in Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland, the vertical distribution in 0-30cm depth of soil cellulase and amylase activities and active organic carbon fractions (microbial biomass carbon /MBC, easily oxidizable carbon/EOC) were measured and the relationship between soil enzyme activities and active organic carbon were analyzed. The results show that the enzyme activities and EOC and MBC contents in topsoil are the greatest. The soil cellulase and amylase activities and EOC and MBC contents show descending trends from surface layer to 30cm. The soil enzyme activities are significantly positive related to EOC and MBC contents. Therefore, with the increase of soil depth, the activities of cellulase and amylase obviously affect the soil active carbon pool. Furthermore, the cellulase activity of marsh soil has the strongest influence on soil active carbon pool.

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