scholarly journals DCET1 Controls Male Sterility Through Callose Regulation, Exine Formation, and Tapetal Programmed Cell Death in Rice

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riaz Muhammad Khan ◽  
Ping Yu ◽  
Lianping Sun ◽  
Adil Abbas ◽  
Liaqat Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Tapetal Cell ◽  
Pollen Wall ◽  
Rna Recognition Motif ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Cell Degeneration ◽  
Regulatory Pathways ◽  
Callose Wall

In angiosperms, anther development comprises of various complex and interrelated biological processes, critically needed for pollen viability. The transitory callose layer serves to separate the meiocytes. It helps in primexine formation, while the timely degradation of tapetal cells is essential for the timely callose wall dissolution and pollen wall formation by providing nutrients for pollen growth. In rice, many genes have been reported and functionally characterized that are involved in callose regulation and pollen wall patterning, including timely programmed cell death (PCD) of the tapetum, but the mechanism of pollen development largely remains ambiguous. We identified and functionally characterized a rice mutant dcet1, having a complete male-sterile phenotype caused by defects in anther callose wall, exine patterning, and tapetal PCD. DCET1 belongs to the RNA recognition motif (RRM)-containing family also called as the ribonucleoprotein (RNP) domain or RNA-binding domain (RBD) protein, having single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) substitution from G (threonine-192) to A (isoleucine-192) located at the fifth exon of LOC_Os08g02330, was responsible for the male sterile phenotype in mutant dcet1. Our cytological analysis suggested that DCET1 regulates callose biosynthesis and degradation, pollen exine formation by affecting exine wall patterning, including abnormal nexine, collapsed bacula, and irregular tectum, and timely PCD by delaying the tapetal cell degeneration. As a result, the microspore of dcet1 was swollen and abnormally bursted and even collapsed within the anther locule characterizing complete male sterility. GUS and qRT-PCR analysis indicated that DCET1 is specifically expressed in the anther till the developmental stage 9, consistent with the observed phenotype. The characterization of DCET1 in callose regulation, pollen wall patterning, and tapetal cell PCD strengthens our knowledge for knowing the regulatory pathways involved in rice male reproductive development and has future prospects in hybrid rice breeding.

Male-sterility of thermosensitive genic male-sterile rice is associated with premature programmed cell death of the tapetum

Planta ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 217 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujin Ku ◽  
Hyejin Yoon ◽  
Hak Soo Suh ◽  
Yong-Yoon Chung
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterile

scholarly journals Programmed cell death promotes male sterility in the functional dioecious Opuntia stenopetala (Cactaceae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 789-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lluvia Flores-Rentería ◽  
Gregorio Orozco-Arroyo ◽  
Felipe Cruz-García ◽  
Florencia García-Campusano ◽  
Isabel Alfaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Male Sterility

scholarly journals OsGPAT3 Plays a Critical Role in Anther Wall Programmed Cell Death and Pollen Development in Rice

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 4017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lianping Sun ◽  
Xiaojiao Xiang ◽  
Zhengfu Yang ◽  
Ping Yu ◽  
Xiaoxia Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Anther Wall ◽  
Nutrient Metabolism ◽  
Pollen Maturation ◽  
Pollen Formation

In flowering plants, ideal male reproductive development requires the systematic coordination of various processes, in which timely differentiation and degradation of the anther wall, especially the tapetum, is essential for both pollen formation and anther dehiscence. Here, we show that OsGPAT3, a conserved glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase gene, plays a critical role in regulating anther wall degradation and pollen exine formation. The gpat3-2 mutant had defective synthesis of Ubisch bodies, delayed programmed cell death (PCD) of the inner three anther layers, and abnormal degradation of micropores/pollen grains, resulting in failure of pollen maturation and complete male sterility. Complementation and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated 9 (Cas9) experiments demonstrated that OsGPAT3 is responsible for the male sterility phenotype. Furthermore, the expression level of tapetal PCD-related and nutrient metabolism-related genes changed significantly in the gpat3-2 anthers. Based on these genetic and cytological analyses, OsGPAT3 is proposed to coordinate the differentiation and degradation of the anther wall and pollen grains in addition to regulating lipid biosynthesis. This study provides insights for understanding the function of GPATs in regulating rice male reproductive development, and also lays a theoretical basis for hybrid rice breeding.

scholarly journals Progressive programmed cell death inwards across the anther wall in male sterile flowers of the gynodioecious plant Plantago lanceolata

Planta ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 249 (3) ◽  
pp. 913-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline M. Nugent ◽  
Tómas Byrne ◽  
Grace McCormack ◽  
Marc Quiwa ◽  
Elaine Stafford
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Anther Wall ◽  
Male Sterile

scholarly journals PERSISTENT TAPETAL CELL2 Is Required for Normal Tapetal Programmed Cell Death and Pollen Wall Patterning

2019 ◽  
Vol 182 (2) ◽  
pp. 962-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Uzair ◽  
Dawei Xu ◽  
Lukas Schreiber ◽  
Jianxin Shi ◽  
Wanqi Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Pollen Wall

scholarly journals Psoriasis is characterized by deficient negative immune regulation compared to transient delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions

F1000Research ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Gulati ◽  
Mayte Suárez-Fariñas ◽  
Joel Correa da Rosa ◽  
James G. Krueger
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Immune Regulation ◽  
Gene List ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Delayed Type Hypersensitivity ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Regulatory Pathways ◽  
Lesional Skin ◽  
Programmed Cell Death 1

Diphencyprone (DPCP) is a hapten that causes delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions in human skin, and is used as a topical therapeutic for alopecia areata, warts, and cutaneous melanoma metastases.  We examined peak DTH reactions induced by DPCP (3 days post-challenge) by comprehensive gene expression and histological analysis.  To better understand how these DTH reactions naturally resolve, we compared our DPCP biopsies to those from patients with psoriasis vulgaris, a chronic inflammatory disease that does not resolve.  By both microarray and qRT-PCR, we found that psoriasis lesional skin has significantly lower expression of many negative immune regulators compared to peak DPCP reactions.  These regulators include: interleukin-10, cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated 4 (CTLA4), programmed cell death 1 (PD1), programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PDL1), programmed cell death 1 ligand 2 (PDL2), and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1).  Their decreased expression was confirmed at the protein level by immunohistochemistry.  To more completely determine the balance of positive vs. negative immune regulators in both DPCP reactions and psoriasis, we developed one comprehensive gene list for positive regulatory (inflammatory) genes, and another for negative regulatory (immunosuppressive) genes, through Gene Ontology terms and literature review.  With this approach, we found that DPCP reactions have a higher ratio of negative to positive regulatory genes (both in terms of quantity and expression levels) than psoriasis lesional skin.  These data suggest that the disease chronicity that distinguishes psoriasis from transient DTH reactions may be related to absence of negative immune regulatory pathways, and induction of these is therefore of therapeutic interest.  Further study of these negative regulatory mechanisms that are present in DPCP reactions, but not in psoriasis, could reveal novel players in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation.  The DPCP system used here thus provides a tractable model for primary discovery of pathways potentially involved in immune regulation in peripheral tissues.

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