scholarly journals Correlation Between Increased Homing Flight Duration and Altered Gene Expression in the Brain of Honey Bee Foragers After Acute Oral Exposure to Thiacloprid and Thiamethoxam

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verena Christen ◽  
Daniela Grossar ◽  
Jean-Daniel Charrière ◽  
Michael Eyer ◽  
Lukas Jeker

Neonicotinoids as thiamethoxam and thiacloprid are suspected to be implicated in the decline of honey bee populations. As nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists, they disturb acetylcholine receptor signaling in insects, leading to neurotoxicity and are therefore globally used as insecticides. Several behavioral studies have shown links between neonicotinoid exposure of bees and adverse effects on foraging activity, homing flight performance and reproduction, but the molecular aspects underlying these effects are not well-understood. In the last years, several studies through us and others showed the effects of exposure to neonicotinoids on gene expression in the brain of honey bees. Transcripts of acetylcholine receptors, hormonal regulation, stress markers, detoxification enzymes, immune system related genes and transcripts of the energy metabolism were altered after neonicotinoid exposure. To elucidate the link between homing flight performance and shifts in gene expression in the brain of honey bees after neonicotinoid exposure, we combined homing flight activity experiments applying RFID technology and gene expression analysis. We analyzed the expression of endocrine factors, stress genes, detoxification enzymes and genes linked to energy metabolism in forager bees after homing flight experiments. Three different experiments (experiment I: pilot study; experiment II: “worst-case” study and experiment III: laboratory study) were performed. In a pilot study, we wanted to investigate if we could see differences in gene expression between controls and exposed bees (experiment I). This first study was followed by a so-called “worst-case” study (experiment II), where we investigated mainly differences in the expression of transcripts linked to energy metabolism between fast and slow returning foragers. We found a correlation between homing flight duration and the expression of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, one transcript linked to oxidative phosphorylation. In the third experiment (experiment III), foragers were exposed in the laboratory to 1 ng/bee thiamethoxam and 8 ng/bee thiacloprid followed by gene expression analysis without a subsequent flight experiment. We could partially confirm the induction of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, which we detected in experiment II. In addition, we analyzed the effect of the feeding mode (group feeding vs. single bee feeding) on data scattering and demonstrated that single bee feeding is superior to group feeding as it significantly reduces variability in gene expression. Based on the data, we thus hypothesize that the disruption of energy metabolism may be one reason for a prolongation of homing flight duration in neonicotinoid treated bees.

2017 ◽  
Vol 148 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Garrido-Gil ◽  
P. Fernandez-Rodríguez ◽  
J. Rodríguez-Pallares ◽  
Jose L. Labandeira-Garcia

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. e135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-Min Lee ◽  
Elena V Ivanova ◽  
Ihn Sik Seong ◽  
Tanya Cashorali ◽  
Isaac Kohane ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahan Mamoor

Glioblastoma is the most common brain cancer in adults and has a 15 month median survival rate (1, 2). We performed differential gene expression analysis, comparing the glioblastoma transcriptome from 17 patients to the transcriptome of 8 non-affected, “normal” brain samples using a published dataset (3). Three separate genes encoding F-box proteins (4), including FBXW7, FBXO41, and FBXL16 were differentially expressed and at significantly lower levels in the tumors of patients with glioblastoma than in the brain. Significant differential expression of FBXW7, FBXO41 and FBXL16 was also observed in glioblastomas from the REMBRANDT study (5).


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Leal Carvalho ◽  
Isadora Ghilardi ◽  
Allan Alcará ◽  
Felipe Rodrigues ◽  
Ângela Zanatta ◽  
...  

Introduction: Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE) is the most common refractory epilepsy, and it is characterized by abnormal firing of a population of neurons in the brain, and by cognitive deficit1 . This abnormal intrinsic phenomenon can cause deregulation of the T-type calcium channels, increasing neuronal excitability, leading to structural changes in the Central Nervous System2 . Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are a therapeutic alternative for the TLE for they can modulate neurotransmitters liberation, reducing neuronal death and increasing neurogenesis3,4,5. The present study analyzed MSCs effects on gene expression of T-type calcium channel CACNA1H in the brain of pilocarpine-induced TLE animal models. Methods: The MSCs were obtained from the bone marrow of Wistar rats, cultured, and transplanted intravenously and intranasally. The animals were separated into the following groups: control and pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus, then they were euthanized 1- and 7-days post-transplant for gene expression analysis. Results: The results show that 1-day post-transplant there was no difference in the CACNA1H gene expression between the MSC-treated pilocarpine groups and the control and untreated pilocarpine groups. Subsequently 7-days posttransplant, the treated groups showed greater expression of the gene in both means of administration. Moreover, there was an increase in CACNA1H gene expression in the prefrontal cortex of the treated pilocarpine group, which makes us conjecture a mechanism of greater need for its transcription in this area. Conclusion: Thus, MSCs were able to modulate the expression of the CACNA1H gene in the brain, increasing its importance as a target for future studies on epilepsy therapies involving cells.


Author(s):  
Joshua Orvis ◽  
Brian Gottfried ◽  
Jayaram Kancherla ◽  
Ricky S. Adkins ◽  
Yang Song ◽  
...  

ABSTRACTThe gEAR portal (gene Expression Analysis Resource, umgear.org) is an open access community-driven tool for multi-omic and multi-species data visualization, analysis and sharing. The gEAR supports visualization of multiple RNA-seq data types (bulk, sorted, single cell/nucleus) and epigenomics data, from multiple species, time points and tissues in a single-page, user-friendly browsable format. An integrated scRNA-seq workbench provides access to raw data of scRNA-seq datasets for de novo analysis, as well as marker-gene and cluster comparisons of pre-assigned clusters. Users can upload, view, analyze and privately share their own data in the context of previously published datasets. Short, permanent URLs can be generated for dissemination of individual or collections of datasets in published manuscripts. While the gEAR is currently curated for auditory research with over 90 high-value datasets organized in thematic profiles, the gEAR also supports the BRAIN initiative (via nemoanalytics.org) and is easily adaptable for other research domains.


2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
VANESSA M. BROWN ◽  
ALEX OSSADTCHI ◽  
ARSHAD H. KHAN ◽  
SANJIV S. GAMBHIR ◽  
SIMON R. CHERRY ◽  
...  

Gene expression tomography, or GET, is a new method to increase the speed of three-dimensional (3-D) gene expression analysis in the brain. The name is evocative of the method’s dual foundations in high-throughput gene expression analysis and computerized tomographic image reconstruction, familiar from techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET) and X-ray computerized tomography (CT). In GET, brain slices are taken using a cryostat in conjunction with axial rotation about independent axes to create a series of “views” of the brain. Gene expression information obtained from the axially rotated views can then be used to recreate 3-D gene expression patterns. GET was used to successfully reconstruct images of tyrosine hydroxylase gene expression in the mouse brain, using both RNase protection and real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (QRT-PCR). A Monte-Carlo analysis confirmed the good quality of the GET image reconstruction. By speeding acquisition of gene expression patterns, GET may help improve our understanding of the genomics of the brain in both health and disease.


2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 310-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandra Sekhar Vasamsetty ◽  
Srinivasa Rao Peri ◽  
Allam Appa Rao ◽  
K. Srinivas ◽  
Chinta Someswararao

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