scholarly journals Dissociating Cognitive Processes During Ambiguous Information Processing in Perceptual Decision-Making

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir A. Maksimenko ◽  
Alexander Kuc ◽  
Nikita S. Frolov ◽  
Marina V. Khramova ◽  
Alexander N. Pisarchik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Perceptual Decision Making ◽  
Ambiguous Information ◽  
Perceptual Decision

Credo for optimality

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan A. Stocker
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Perceptual Decision Making ◽  
Perceptual Decision ◽  
Sensory Information Processing ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Additional Constraints

AbstractOptimal or suboptimal, Rahnev & Denison (R&D) rightly argue that this ill-defined distinction is not useful when comparing models of perceptual decision making. However, what they miss is how valuable the focus on optimality has been in deriving these models in the first place. Rather than prematurely abandon the optimality assumption, we should refine this successful normative hypothesis with additional constraints that capture specific limitations of (sensory) information processing in the brain.

Inclusion of neural effort in cost function can explain perceptual decision suboptimality

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yury P. Shimansky ◽  
Natalia Dounskaia
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Cost Function ◽  
Optimality Criterion ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Perceptual Decision Making ◽  
Perceptual Decision ◽  
Decision Optimization ◽  
Behavioral Paradigm ◽  
The Cost

AbstractA more general form of optimality approach applied to the entire behavioral paradigm should be used instead of abandoning the optimality approach. Adding the cost of information processing to the optimality criterion and taking into account some other recently proposed aspects of decision optimization could substantially increase the explanatory power of an optimality approach to modeling perceptual decision making.

scholarly journals Advancing Methods and Mathematical Models of Perceptual Decision Making

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Tillman
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Model Comparison ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Sequential Sampling ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Choice Response ◽  
Perceptual Decision Making ◽  
Perceptual Decision ◽  
Sequential Sampling Models

In this thesis I argue that cognitive psychologists can use the combination of sequential sampling models, Bayesian estimation methods, and model comparison via predictive accuracy to investigate underlying cognitive processes of perceptual decision-making. I show that sequential sampling models of simple and choice response time allow for researchers to analyze behavioral data and translate them into the constitute components of processing, such as speed of processing, response caution, and the time needed for perceptual encoding and overt motor responses. I use these methods and models to investigate underlying mental processes related to cognitive load, speech perception, and lexical decision-making. I also show that using different sequential sampling models to analyze the same data can lead researchers to draw different conclusions about cognitive processes, which serves as a caution for carelessly using these models. I also present a novel method that researchers can use to observe cognitive processes unfold online during perceptual decision-making tasks. I then discuss a promising collaboration emerging between researchers in the field of mathematical modeling and neuroscience.

scholarly journals The validity and consistency of continuous joystick response in perceptual decision-making

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej J. Szul ◽  
Aline Bompas ◽  
Petroc Sumner ◽  
Jiaxiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Perceptual Decision Making ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Response Device ◽  
Perceptual Decision ◽  
Movement Trajectories ◽  
Response Modality ◽  
Continuous Movements

AbstractA computer joystick is an efficient and cost-effective response device for recording continuous movements in psychological experiments. Movement trajectories and other measures from continuous responses have expanded the insights gained from discrete responses (e.g. button presses) by providing unique information on how cognitive processes unfold over time. However, few studies have evaluated the validity of joystick responses with reference to conventional key presses, and response modality can affect cognitive processes. Here, we systematically compared human participants’ behavioural performance of perceptual decision-making when they responded with either joystick movements or key presses in a four-alternative motion discrimination task. We found evidence that the response modality did not affect raw behavioural measures including decision accuracy and mean reaction time (RT) at the group level. Furthermore, to compare the underlying decision processes between the two response modalities, we fitted a drift-diffusion model of decision-making to individual participant’s behavioural data. Bayesian analyses of the model parameters showed no evidence that switching from key presses to continuous joystick movements modulated the decision-making process. These results supported continuous joystick actions as a valid apparatus for continuous movements, although we highlighted the need for caution when conducting experiments with continuous movement responses.

Discarding optimality: Throwing out the baby with the bathwater?

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Simen ◽  
Fuat Balcı
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Perceptual Decision Making ◽  
Reward Rate ◽  
Perceptual Decision ◽  
Standard Observer ◽  
Rate Maximization ◽  
Reward Rate Maximization ◽  
Descriptive Standard ◽  
Observer Model

AbstractRahnev & Denison (R&D) argue against normative theories and in favor of a more descriptive “standard observer model” of perceptual decision making. We agree with the authors in many respects, but we argue that optimality (specifically, reward-rate maximization) has proved demonstrably useful as a hypothesis, contrary to the authors’ claims.

scholarly journals Flexible categorization in perceptual decision making

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Genís Prat-Ortega ◽  
Klaus Wimmer ◽  
Alex Roxin ◽  
Jaime de la Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Drift Diffusion Model ◽  
Perceptual Decision Making ◽  
Drift Diffusion ◽  
Perceptual Decision ◽  
Attractor Dynamics ◽  
Attractor Model ◽  
Sensory Evidence ◽  
Winner Take All

AbstractPerceptual decisions rely on accumulating sensory evidence. This computation has been studied using either drift diffusion models or neurobiological network models exhibiting winner-take-all attractor dynamics. Although both models can account for a large amount of data, it remains unclear whether their dynamics are qualitatively equivalent. Here we show that in the attractor model, but not in the drift diffusion model, an increase in the stimulus fluctuations or the stimulus duration promotes transitions between decision states. The increase in the number of transitions leads to a crossover between weighting mostly early evidence (primacy) to weighting late evidence (recency), a prediction we validate with psychophysical data. Between these two limiting cases, we found a novel flexible categorization regime, in which fluctuations can reverse initially-incorrect categorizations. This reversal asymmetry results in a non-monotonic psychometric curve, a distinctive feature of the attractor model. Our findings point to correcting decision reversals as an important feature of perceptual decision making.

Effects of a Brief Mindfulness-Based Attentional Intervention on Threat-Related Perceptual Decision-Making

Mindfulness ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sungjin Im ◽  
Maya A. Marder ◽  
Gabriella Imbriano ◽  
Tamara J. Sussman ◽  
Aprajita Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Perceptual Decision Making ◽  
Perceptual Decision

scholarly journals Sensor-Level Wavelet Analysis Reveals EEG Biomarkers of Perceptual Decision-Making

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2461
Author(s):  
Alexander Kuc ◽  
Vadim V. Grubov ◽  
Vladimir A. Maksimenko ◽  
Natalia Shusharina ◽  
Alexander N. Pisarchik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Perceptual Process ◽  
Perceptual Decision Making ◽  
Beta Band ◽  
Perceptual Decision ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Band Power ◽  
Sensory Features

Perceptual decision-making requires transforming sensory information into decisions. An ambiguity of sensory input affects perceptual decisions inducing specific time-frequency patterns on EEG (electroencephalogram) signals. This paper uses a wavelet-based method to analyze how ambiguity affects EEG features during a perceptual decision-making task. We observe that parietal and temporal beta-band wavelet power monotonically increases throughout the perceptual process. Ambiguity induces high frontal beta-band power at 0.3–0.6 s post-stimulus onset. It may reflect the increasing reliance on the top-down mechanisms to facilitate accumulating decision-relevant sensory features. Finally, this study analyzes the perceptual process using mixed within-trial and within-subject design. First, we found significant percept-related changes in each subject and then test their significance at the group level. Thus, observed beta-band biomarkers are pronounced in single EEG trials and may serve as control commands for brain-computer interface (BCI).

A Neural Index of Inefficient Evidence Accumulation in Dyslexia Underlying Slow Perceptual Decision Making

Cortex ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole R. Stefanac ◽  
Shou-Han Zhou ◽  
Megan M. Spencer-Smith ◽  
Redmond O’Connell ◽  
Mark A. Bellgrove
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Perceptual Decision Making ◽  
Perceptual Decision ◽  
Evidence Accumulation
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