scholarly journals Voxel-Wise Analysis of Structural and Functional MRI for Lateralization of Handedness in College Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haha Wang ◽  
Hong Zhou ◽  
Yihao Guo ◽  
Lei Gao ◽  
Haibo Xu
Keyword(s):  
Functional Mri ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Functional Integration ◽  
Hand Movement ◽  
Asymmetry Index ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Left Handedness ◽  
Anatomical Images ◽  
Structural Specification

The brain structural and functional basis of lateralization in handedness is largely unclear. This study aimed to explore this issue by using voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) measured by resting-state functional MRI (R-fMRI) and gray matter asymmetry index (AI) by high-resolution anatomical images. A total of 50 healthy subjects were included, among them were 13 left-handers, 24 right-handers, and 13 mixed-handers. Structural and R-fMRI data of all subjects were collected. There were significant differences in VMHC among the three groups in lateral temporal-occipital, orbitofrontal, and primary hand motor regions. Meanwhile, there were significant differences in AI that existed in medial prefrontal, superior frontal, and superior temporal regions. Besides, the correlation analysis showed that the closer the handedness score to the extreme of the left-handedness (LH), the stronger the interhemispheric functional connectivity, as well as more leftward gray matter. In general, left/mixed-handedness (MH) showed stronger functional homotopy in the transmodal association regions that depend on the integrity of the corpus callosum, but more variable in primary sensorimotor cortices. Furthermore, the group differences in VMHC largely align with that in AI. We located the specific regions for LH/MH from the perspective of structural specification and functional integration, suggesting the plasticity of hand movement and different patterns of emotional processing.

The gray matter volume of the right insula mediates the relationship between symptoms of depression/anxiety and sleep quality among college students

2019 ◽  
pp. 135910531986997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huazhan Yin ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Dan Li ◽  
Lu Xiao ◽  
Mei Cheng
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigated the neuroanatomical basis of the association between depression/anxiety and sleep quality among 370 college students. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between sleep quality and depression/anxiety. Moreover, mediation results showed that the gray matter volume of the right insula mediated the relationship between depression/anxiety and sleep quality, which suggested that depression/anxiety may affect sleep quality through the right insula volume. These findings confirmed a strong link between sleep quality and depression/anxiety, while highlighting the volumetric variation in the right insula associated with emotional processing, which may play a critical role in improving sleep quality.

scholarly journals Gray matter volume covariance networks are associated with altered emotional processing in bipolar disorder: a source-based morphometry study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Miola ◽  
Nicolò Trevisan ◽  
Arcangelo Merola ◽  
Francesco Folena Comini ◽  
Daniele Olivo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Occipital Cortex ◽  
Type I ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Visuospatial Processing ◽  
Neural Signature ◽  
Structural Networks

AbstractWidespread regional gray matter volume (GMV) alterations have been reported in bipolar disorder (BD). Structural networks, which are thought to better reflect the complex multivariate organization of the brain, and their clinical and psychological function have not been investigated yet in BD. 24 patients with BD type-I (BD-I), and 30 with BD type-II (BD-II), and 45 controls underwent MRI scan. Voxel-based morphometry and source-based morphometry (SBM) were performed to extract structural covariation patterns of GMV. SBM components associated with morphometric differences were compared among diagnoses. Executive function and emotional processing correlated with morphometric characteristics. Compared to controls, BD-I showed reduced GMV in the temporo-insular-parieto-occipital cortex and in the culmen. An SBM component spanning the prefrontal-temporal-occipital network exhibited significantly lower GMV in BD-I compared to controls, but not between the other groups. The structural network covariance in BD-I was associated with the number of previous manic episodes and with worse executive performance. Compared to BD-II, BD-I showed a loss of GMV in the temporal-occipital regions, and this was correlated with impaired emotional processing. Altered prefrontal-temporal-occipital network structure could reflect a neural signature associated with visuospatial processing and problem-solving impairments as well as emotional processing and illness severity in BD-I.

Segmentation analysis in functional MRI: Activation sensitivity and gray-matter specificity of RARE and FLASH

1997 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hutchinson ◽  
H. Rusinek ◽  
V. I. Nenov ◽  
D. A. Feinberg ◽  
G. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Functional Mri ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Segmentation Analysis

scholarly journals Neuropsychology of bipolar disorder

2001 ◽  
Vol 178 (S41) ◽  
pp. s120-s127 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. C. Murphy ◽  
B. J. Sahakian
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Affective Meaning ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Affective Components ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundAlthough the presence of wide-ranging neuropsychological deficits in individuals with major depression is well established, few studies have investigated the nature of cognitive impairment in patients with bipolar disorder.AimsTo review research of the neuropsychology of bipolar disorder, with special attention to the relationship between mood and cognitive functioning.MethodLiterature review.ResultsFindings generally demonstrate mania-related impairments on conventional neuropsychological tests, with direct comparisons of patients with mania and patients with depression failing to find group differences. More recent work has sought to differentiate these disorders by employing tasks with affective components. This research has demonstrated biases for processing positive and negative stimuli in patients with mania and depression, respectively.ConclusionsFuture studies, employing tasks that require cognitive and emotional processing, should improve our understanding of the deficits observed in depression and mania. Neuroimaging studies of the neural regions that underlie cognitive processing of affective meaning suggest that the medial and orbitofrontal prefrontal cortex may be particularly involved.

scholarly journals Large-Scale Fusion of Gray Matter and Resting-State Functional MRI Reveals Common and Distinct Biological Markers across the Psychosis Spectrum in the B-SNIP Cohort

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Wang ◽  
Shashwath A. Meda ◽  
Matcheri S. Keshavan ◽  
Carol A. Tamminga ◽  
John A. Sweeney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Mri ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Biological Markers ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Large Scale

scholarly journals The neurobiology of smartphone addiction in emerging adults evaluated using brain morphometry and resting-state functional MRI

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
Aida Abdul Rashid ◽  
Subapriya Suppiah ◽  
Nisha Syed Nasser ◽  
Hamed Sharifat ◽  
Mazlyfarina Mohamad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Functional Mri ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Grey Matter Volume ◽  
Precentral Gyrus ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Psychosocial Wellbeing

The characteristics of smartphone addiction (SPA) can be evaluated by neuroimaging studies. Information on the brain structural alterations, and effects on psychosocial wellbeing, however, have not been concurrently evaluated. The aim of this study was to identify abnormalities in gray matter volume using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and neuronal functional alterations using resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) in emerging adults with SPA.  We correlated the neuroimaging parameters with indices for psychosocial wellbeing such as depression, anxiety, stress, and impulsivity. Forty participants (20 SPA and 20 age-matched healthy controls) were assessed using VBM and rs-fMRI. The smartphone addiction scale – Malay version (SAS-M) questionnaire scores were used to categorize the SPA and healthy control groups. DASS-21 and BIS-11 questionnaires were used to assess for psychosocial wellbeing and impulsivity, respectively.  VBM identified the SPA group to have reduced gray matter volume in the insula and precentral gyrus; and increased grey matter volume in the precuneus relative to controls. Moderate correlation was observed between the precuneus volume and the SAS-M scores. Individuals with SPA showed significant rs-fMRI activations in the precuneus, and posterior cingulate cortex (FWE uncorrected, p<0.001). The severity of SPA was correlated with depression. Anxiety score was moderately correlated with reduced GMV at the precentral gyrus. Collectively, these results can be used to postulate that the structural and neuronal functional changes in the insula are linked to the neurobiology of SPA that shares similarities with other behavioural addictions.

scholarly journals S159. SUBCORTICAL GRAY MATTER VOLUME IS ASSOCIATED WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA AND WITH BOTH ITS FAMILIAL AND CLINICAL RISK

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S96-S97
Author(s):  
Roberta Passiatore ◽  
Linda A Antonucci ◽  
Leonardo Fazio ◽  
Barbara Gelao ◽  
Andrea Falsetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gray Matter ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Familial Risk ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Intracranial Volume ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Clinical Risk

Abstract Background Patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) show lower volumetric estimates of gray matter (GM) than healthy controls (HC). Similar results have been reported in healthy siblings of patients (SIB). However, it is unclear whether this phenotype is also present in individuals at clinical high-risk (CHR), characterized by sub-threshold symptoms and loss of functioning. We hypothesized that GM volumetric differences are associated with both familial and clinical risk for schizophrenia Methods We processed the T1-weighted MRI scans acquired at 3 Tesla of 544 HC, 63 SIB, 20 CHR and 120 SCZ using CAT12. We used ANCOVA to assess group differences (HC vs. CHR vs. SIB vs. SCZ), with linear and quadratic age, gender and total intracranial volume as nuisance covariates. We assessed the reproducibility of our case/control findings in an independent sample of 127 HC and 36 SCZ. Group differences were tested post hoc through Fisher’s test. Results We found significant group effects in the bilateral thalamus, bilateral hippocampus and anterior cingulate (FWE&lt;0.05). Specifically, SCZ presented the lowest GM volume in these regions compared to the other three groups, with SIB and CHR’s GM estimates intermediate between HC and SCZ (p&lt;0.05). The associations with schizophrenia were replicated in the independent validation sample. Discussion Individuals with familial or clinical risk for schizophrenia have lower GM estimates in the same brain regions. These findings, suggest that these structural features are not only associated with familial risk for schizophrenia but that they are also associated with its sub-threshold symptoms.

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