scholarly journals Reduced White Matter Integrity in Patients With End-Stage and Non-end-Stage Chronic Kidney Disease: A Tract-Based Spatial Statistics Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhan Jiang ◽  
Qiuyi Gao ◽  
Yangyingqiu Liu ◽  
Bingbing Gao ◽  
Yiwei Che ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Spatial Statistics ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Corona Radiata ◽  
Tract Based Spatial Statistics ◽  
End Stage

Background and Purpose: Reduced white matter (WM) integrity has been implicated in chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, whether the differences in WM abnormalities exist in ESRD and non-end-stage CKD (NES-CKD) remains unclear. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the WM microstructural changes between the two stages using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and explore the related influencing factors.Methods: Diffusion tensor imaging’ images were prospectively acquired from 18 patients with ESRD, 22 patients with NES-CKD, and 19 healthy controls (HCs). Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) was performed to assess the voxel-wise differences in WM abnormalities among the three groups. The relationships between DTI parameters and biochemical data were also analyzed.Results: Compared with NES-CKDs, FA value was significantly decreased, and AD value increased in ESRDs mainly in brain regions of bilateral anterior thalamic radiation (ATR), the genu and body of corpus callosum (CC), bilateral anterior corona radiata, superior corona radiata, and superior longitudinal fasciculus. Besides, extensive and symmetrical deep WM damages were observed in patients with ESRD, accompanied by increased MD and RD values. Multiple regression analysis revealed that uric acid and serum phosphorus level can be used as independent predictors of WM microstructural abnormalities in clusters with statistical differences in DTI parameters between ESRD and NES-CKD groups.Conclusion: In the progression of CKD, patients with ESRD have more severe WM microstructural abnormalities than NES-CKDs, and this progressive deterioration may be related to uric acid and phosphate levels.

scholarly journals Structural brain connectivity in children with developmental dyscalculia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazife Ayyildiz ◽  
Frauke Beyer ◽  
Sertac Ustun ◽  
Emre H. Kale ◽  
Oyku Mance Calisir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Spatial Statistics ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Probabilistic Tractography ◽  
Developmental Dyscalculia ◽  
Minus Sign ◽  
Tract Based Spatial Statistics ◽  
Anterior Thalamic Radiation

Developmental dyscalculia (DD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder specific to arithmetic learning even with normal intelligence and age-appropriate education. Difficulties often persist from childhood through adulthood. Underlying neurobiological mechanisms of DD, however, are poorly understood. This study aimed to identify possible structural connectivity alterations in DD. We evaluated 10 children with pure DD (11.3 plus-or-minus sign 0.7 years) and 16 typically developing (TD) peers (11.2 plus-or-minus sign 0.6 years) using diffusion tensor imaging. We first assessed white matter microstructure with tract-based spatial statistics. Then we used probabilistic tractography to evaluate tract lengths and probabilistic connectivity maps in specific regions. At whole brain level, we found no significant microstructural differences in white matter between children with DD and TD peers. Also, seed-based connectivity probabilities did not differ between groups. However, we did find significant differences in regions-of-interest tracts which had previously been related to math ability in children. The major findings of our study were reduced white matter coherence and shorter tract lengths of the left superior longitudinal/arcuate fasciculus and left anterior thalamic radiation in the DD group. Furthermore, lower white matter coherence and shorter pathways corresponded with the lower math performance as a result of the correlation analyses. These results from regional analyses indicate that learning, memory and language-related pathways in the left hemisphere might underlie DD. Keywords: Mathematical learning disability, diffusion tensor imaging, superior longitudinal fasciculus, anterior thalamic radiation, probabilistic tractography, tract-based spatial statistics

scholarly journals A prospective study of physician-observed concussion during a varsity university hockey season: white matter integrity in ice hockey players. Part 3 of 4

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. E3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga K. Koerte ◽  
David Kaufmann ◽  
Elisabeth Hartl ◽  
Sylvain Bouix ◽  
Ofer Pasternak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Spatial Statistics ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Ice Hockey ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Posterior Limb ◽  
Hockey Players ◽  
Tract Based Spatial Statistics ◽  
The Right

Object The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of repetitive head impacts on white matter integrity that were sustained during 1 Canadian Interuniversity Sports (CIS) ice hockey season, using advanced diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Methods Twenty-five male ice hockey players between 20 and 26 years of age (mean age 22.24 ± 1.59 years) participated in this study. Participants underwent pre- and postseason 3-T MRI, including DTI. Group analyses were performed using paired-group tract-based spatial statistics to test for differences between preseason and postseason changes. Results Tract-based spatial statistics revealed an increase in trace, radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity (AD) over the course of 1 season. Compared with preseason data, postseason images showed higher trace, AD, and RD values in the right precentral region, the right corona radiata, and the anterior and posterior limb of the internal capsule. These regions involve parts of the corticospinal tract, the corpus callosum, and the superior longitudinal fasciculus. No significant differences were observed between preseason and postseason for fractional anisotropy. Conclusions Diffusion tensor imaging revealed changes in white matter diffusivity in male ice hockey players over the course of 1 season. The origin of these findings needs to be elucidated.

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