scholarly journals Metabolites of Procyanidins From Litchi Chinensis Pericarp With Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Effect and Antioxidant Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Sui ◽  
Jianbin Shi ◽  
Sha Cai ◽  
Tian Xiong ◽  
Bijun Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Shikimic Acid ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Oxidase Inhibition ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition

Procyanidins from litchi pericarp (LPPC) has been evidenced to possess strong antioxidant activities in vivo that is possibly correlated with their intestinal metabolites. However, the xanthine oxidase inhibitory effect of LPPC and its metabolites was less concerned. In this study, three oligomeric procyanidins and eight metabolic phenolic acids were identified in the urine of rats administrated with LPPC by high performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Data indicated that all the metabolites excreted were significantly increased by the treatment of 300 mg/kg body weight of LPPC (P < 0.05), revealing considerable 1, 1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radicals activities of scavenging. Moreover, phenolic metabolites involving epicatechin, A-type dimer, A-type trimer, caffeic acid, and shikimic acid exhibited greater xanthine oxidase inhibition effects compared with other metabolites, with an inhibitory rate higher than 50% at the concentration 200 μg/ml. The IC50 value of these five phenols were 58.43 ± 1.86, 68.37 ± 3.50, 74.87 ± 1.30, 95.67 ± 3.82, and 96.17 ± 1.64 μg/ml, respectively. As a whole, this work suggests that the xanthine oxidase inhibition and antioxidant activity of LPPC-derived metabolites as one of the mechanisms involved in the beneficial effects of LPPC against hyperuricemia or gout.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Anti-MRSA and Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition Activities of Phenolic Constituents fromPlumula nelumbinis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Ding ◽  
Ming-An Ouyang ◽  
Yuan-Shuai Shen
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Superoxide Anion ◽  
Spectroscopic Data ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Phenolic Constituents ◽  
Oxidase Inhibition ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Isolation of metabolites fromPlumula nelumbinisled to the discovery of eleven compounds, including six flavonoids and five phenolderivatives. Their structures have been determined on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic data. Most of them, such as compounds1,4,6,8, and10,have shown inhibitory activity against hospital-acquired methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(HA-MRSA). MICs of compound8against SA-200195 and SA-300150 were 2 μg/mL and 8 μg/mL, respectively. And the antioxidant activity of isolated compounds was determined by checking the scavenging activity against three different radicals: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrydrazyl (DPPH) radical, hydroxyl radical (OH∙), and superoxide anion (O2∙-), as well as xanthine oxidase inhibition. All flavonoids showed strong antioxidant activity. And compound6displayed the highest inhibitory effect against xanthine oxidase with IC50value of 8.2 μg/mL.

scholarly journals Optimization of the Extraction Conditions and Biological Evaluation of Dendropanax morbifera H. Lev as an Anti-Hyperuricemic Source

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 3313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung-Sik Cho ◽  
Seung-Hui Song ◽  
Chul-Yung Choi ◽  
Kyung Park ◽  
Jung-Hyun Shim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Dendropanax Morbifera ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Oxidase Inhibition ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Dendropanax morbifera H. Levis a medicinal plant native to South Korea, East Asia, and South America. Among some 75 species, one species grows in Korea. In previous studies, D. morbifera extracts with anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-complementary and anti-cancer activities were reported. The present study aims to investigate optimization of extraction and evaluation of anti-hyperuricemic effects of D. morbifera leaf and the phytochemicals contained therein. Ethanol and hexane extract were found to display the best xanthine oxidase inhibition among six types of solvent and water extract. The antioxidant effect of the ethanol extract was superior to that of the hexane extract. The DPPH radical scavenging effect of the ethanol and hexane extracts were 81.52 ± 1.57% and 2.69 ± 0.16. The reducing power of the ethanol and hexane extracts were 9.71 ± 0.15 and 0.89 ± 0.01 mg/g equivalent of gallic acid. Total phenols of the ethanol and hexane extracts were 6.53 ± 0.16 and 0.63 ± 0.001 mg/g equivalent of gallic acid. In addition, we compared the two marker compounds from D. morbifera, chlorogenic acid and rutin, which were determined in the ethanol extract at 0.80 ± 0.03% and 0.52 ± 0.01%, respectively. We found that the ethanol extracts showed better xanthine oxidase inhibition than hexane extracts. Especially, ethanol extracts showed higher antioxidant activity than hexane extracts. Based on these results, we selected the ethanol extract as an effective xanthine oxidase inhibitor and confirmed whether ethanol extracts showed xanthine oxidase inhibition in animal experiments. The in vivo mouse study demonstrated that ethanol extract of D. morbifera leaf at the dose of 300 mg/kg could inhibit blood/hepatic xanthine oxidase activity and this result shows that the xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity in vitro is reproduced in vivo. The present study showed that ethanol extract was optimal xanthine oxidase inhibitor which can be applied to prevent diseases related to hyperuricemia.

Amplification of Antioxidant Activity and Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition of Catechin by Enzymatic Polymerization

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motoichi Kurisawa ◽  
Joo Eun Chung ◽  
Young Jin Kim ◽  
Hiroshi Uyama ◽  
Shiro Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Enzymatic Polymerization ◽  
Oxidase Inhibition ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition

Xanthine Oxidase Deficiency: Studies of a Previously Unreported Case

1974 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1076-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward W Holmes ◽  
David H Mason ◽  
Leonard I Goldstein ◽  
Robert E Blount ◽  
William N Kelley
Keyword(s):  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Orotic Acid ◽  
Residual Activity ◽  
Direct Consequence ◽  
Serum Urate ◽  
Oxidase Deficiency ◽  
Familial Disorder ◽  
Oxidase Inhibition ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition

Abstract Xanthinuria is a familial disorder of purine metabolism that results from a marked deficiency of xanthine oxidase (EC 1.2.3.2) activity. We report here the clinical and biochemical features of a new case of xanthinuria. Serum urate concentration was 0.8 mg/100 ml, urinary uric acid excretion was 16 mg per day, urinary oxypurine excretion was 1630 µmol per day, and total purine excretion was 314 mg per day. After allopurinol was administered, total purine excretion was 323 mg per day and erythrocyte phosphoribosylpyrophosphate content was unchanged. The ratio (by wt) of xanthine to hypoxanthine in the urine was 4.6 before and 9.6 after allopurinol was administered to this patient. Both allopurinol and oxipurinol were detectable in urine. Orotic acid and orotidine excretion increased from undetectable amounts (<2 mg per day) to 47 and 86 mg per day, respectively. These data suggest that this xanthinuric subject has a markedly decreased xanthine oxidase activity, although some residual activity may be functional in vivo. It is probable that he re-utilizes purine so extensively that hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.8) is virtually saturated with hypoxanthine and xanthine in vivo. In addition, these data indicate that the increase in orotic acid and orotidine seen in normal and gouty subjects taking allopurinol is not a direct consequence of xanthine oxidase inhibition, but probably an effect of allopurinol or one of its metabolites on pyrimidine biosynthesis.

scholarly journals QSAR study of the DPPH· radical scavenging activity of coumarin derivatives and xanthine oxidase inhibition by molecular docking

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1067-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Razo-Hernández ◽  
Kayim Pineda-Urbina ◽  
Marlene Velazco-Medel ◽  
Manuel Villanueva-García ◽  
M. Sumaya-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Chemical Hardness ◽  
Coumarin Derivatives ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Oxidase Inhibition ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition

AbstractA Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) of coumarins by genetic algorithms employing physicochemical, topological, lipophilic and electronic descriptors was performed. We have used experimental antioxidant activities of specific coumarin derivatives against the DPPH· radical molecule. Molecular descriptors such as Randic Path/Walk, hydrophilic factor and chemical hardness were selected to propose a mathematical model. We obtained a linear correlation with R2 = 96.65 and Q LOO2 = 93.14 values. The evaluation of the predictive ability of the model was performed by applying the Q ASYM2, $\hat r^2 $ and Δr m2 methods. Fukui functions were calculated here for coumarin derivatives in order to delve into the mechanics by which they work as primary antioxidants. We also investigated xanthine oxidase inhibition with these coumarins by molecular docking. Our results show that hydrophobic, electrostatic and hydrogen bond interactions are crucial in the inhibition of xanthine oxidase by coumarins.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Cytotoxicity, Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition, Antioxidant of New Pyrazolo{3,4 d}Pyrimidine Derivatives

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4(Suppl.)) ◽  
pp. 1003
Author(s):  
Khammas Et al.
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Potassium Carbonate ◽  
Pyrimidine Derivatives ◽  
Azo Compound ◽  
Dimethyl Amine ◽  
Oxidase Inhibition ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition

         Allopurinol derivative were prepared by reacting the (1-chloroacetyl)-2-Hydropyrazolo{3,4-d}pyrimidine-4-oneiwith 5- methoxy- 2-aminoibenzothiazoleiunder certain conditions to obtain new compound  ( N- (2-aminoacetyl (5-methoxy) benzothiazole -2yl) (A4), Reaction of 5-(P-dimethyl amine benzene)-2-amino-1,3,4- oxadiazole in the presence of potassium carbonate anhydrous to yield new  compound (N-(2- aminoacetyl-5-(P-dimethyl amine benzene )-1,3,4-oxadiazoles-2-yl)(A30) and Azo compound (N-(5-(Azo-2-hydroxy-5-amino benzene)-1,3-Diazol-2yl)Allopurinol(A46). The structure of prepared compounds were confirmed by (FT-IR) technique and their physical properties. The synthesized compounds were tested for cytotoxicity, Xanthine oxidase inhibition, and antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals Composition and Comprehensive Antioxidant Activity of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Essential Oil from Ecuador

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Höferl ◽  
Ivanka Stoilova ◽  
Juergen Wanner ◽  
Erich Schmidt ◽  
Leopold Jirovetz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Oxidase Inhibition ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Inhibition

In the present study, the chemical composition and antioxidant potential of an essential oil of ginger rhizomes from Ecuador was elucidated. The analysis of the essential oil by GC/FID/MS resulted in identification of 71 compounds, of which the main are citral (geranial 10.5% and neral 9.1%), α-zingiberene (17.4%), camphene (7.8%), α-farnesene (6.8%) and β-sesquiphellandrene (6.7%). The in vitro antioxidant activity of the essential oil expressed by IC50 in descending order is: hydroxyl radical (OH•) scavenging (0.0065 μg/mL) > chelating capacity (0.822 μg/mL) > 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radical cation (ABTS•+) scavenging (3.94 μg/mL) > xanthine oxidase inhibition (138.0 μg/mL) > oxygen radical (CV) scavenging (404.0 μg/mL) > 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•) scavenging (675 μg/mL). Lipid peroxidation inhibition of the essential oil was less efficient than butylhydroxy-toluol (BHT) in both stages, i.e. hydroperoxide and malondialdehyde formation. In vivo studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae demonstrated a significant dose-dependent increase in antioxidant marker enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), blocking the oxidation processes in yeast cells. Moreover, ginger essential oil in concentrations of 1.6 mg/mL increases the viability of cells to oxidative stress induced by H2O2.

Purpurogallin—a natural and effective hepatoprotector in vitro and in vivo

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 747-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tai-Wing Wu ◽  
Ling-Hua Zeng ◽  
Jun Wu ◽  
Doug Carey
Keyword(s):  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Rat Hepatocytes ◽  
Isolated Hepatocytes ◽  
Oxidase Inhibition ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition ◽  
Oxidase Reaction ◽  
Dose Dependent

Purpurogallin is a plant phenol that is sometimes added as an oxidation retardant to fats–oils or to certain fuels or lubricants. However, it was unknown if purpurogallin is cytoprotective. Here we examined this issue, both in isolated hepatocytes and in vivo. From 0.5 to 2.0 mM, purpurogallin prolongs survival of rat hepatocytes substantially against oxyradicals generated with xanthine oxidase and hypoxanthine. The protection was dose dependent and surpassed that given by such antioxidants as ascorbate, mannitol, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and Trolox, when each was examined at or near its optimal concentration in the same system. When 1.5,3, and 6 μmol of purpurogallin in saline were infused into rats with postischemic livers shortly before reperfusion, the mean hepatic salvages were 42, 76, and 86%, respectively. Such salvage effects would rank purpurogallin highly among the hepatoprotectors known. Over the range of 31 to 500 μM, purpurogallin inhibited the rate of O2 consumption in the xanthine oxidase reaction by ~90%, which was 2- to several-fold higher than the inhibition elicited by allopurinol over the same concentrations. Thus, purpurogallin is an effective natural hepatoprotector that may operate partly or principally as an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase.Key words: purpurogallin, hepato-protection, xanthine oxidase inhibition.

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