scholarly journals Yokukansan and Yokukansankachimpihange Ameliorate Aggressive Behaviors in Rats with Cholinergic Degeneration in the Nucleus Basalis of Meynert

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Tabuchi ◽  
Keita Mizuno ◽  
Kazushige Mizoguchi ◽  
Tomohisa Hattori ◽  
Yoshio Kase
2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 102604
Author(s):  
Julia Schumacher ◽  
John-Paul Taylor ◽  
Calum A. Hamilton ◽  
Michael Firbank ◽  
Ruth A. Cromarty ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Julia Schumacher ◽  
Alan J. Thomas ◽  
Luis R. Peraza ◽  
Michael Firbank ◽  
John T. O’Brien ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Cholinergic deficits are a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Lewy body dementia (LBD). The nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) provides the major source of cortical cholinergic input; studying its functional connectivity might, therefore, provide a tool for probing the cholinergic system and its degeneration in neurodegenerative diseases. Forty-six LBD patients, 29 AD patients, and 31 healthy age-matched controls underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). A seed-based analysis was applied with seeds in the left and right NBM to assess functional connectivity between the NBM and the rest of the brain. We found a shift from anticorrelation in controls to positive correlations in LBD between the right/left NBM and clusters in right/left occipital cortex. Our results indicate that there is an imbalance in functional connectivity between the NBM and primary visual areas in LBD, which provides new insights into alterations within a part of the corticopetal cholinergic system that go beyond structural changes.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nazmuddin ◽  
Ingrid H. C. H. M. Philippens ◽  
Teus van Laar

AbstractDeep brain stimulation (DBS) of the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) has been clinically investigated in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Lewy body dementia (LBD). However, the clinical effects are highly variable, which questions the suggested basic principles underlying these clinical trials. Therefore, preclinical and clinical data on the design of NBM stimulation experiments and its effects on behavioral and neurophysiological aspects are systematically reviewed here. Animal studies have shown that electrical stimulation of the NBM enhanced cognition, increased the release of acetylcholine, enhanced cerebral blood flow, released several neuroprotective factors, and facilitates plasticity of cortical and subcortical receptive fields. However, the translation of these outcomes to current clinical practice is hampered by the fact that mainly animals with an intact NBM were used, whereas most animals were stimulated unilaterally, with different stimulation paradigms for only restricted timeframes. Future animal research has to refine the NBM stimulation methods, using partially lesioned NBM nuclei, to better resemble the clinical situation in AD, and LBD. More preclinical data on the effect of stimulation of lesioned NBM should be present, before DBS of the NBM in human is explored further.


Author(s):  
Yuping Wang ◽  
Kenji Nakashima ◽  
Yasuaki Kawai ◽  
Eisaku Ohama ◽  
Kazuro Takahashi

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