Background: Antenatal care (ANC) is an important health care service which is intended to potentially reduce maternal
morbidity and mortality particularly in areas where the general health status of women is presumed poor, choice of facilities is
limited and the service delivery compromised by geography (terrain, transport), socio-demographic factors, financial capability
and awareness. Though improving the quality of health care is one of the targeted strategies in the Health Sector Development
Program IV (HSDP IV) of Ethiopia, little is known about the quality of antenatal care service and client satisfaction at the
different hospitals in Addis Ababa, the capital city of Ethiopia.
Objective: To determine satisfaction of ANC services among pregnant women at the public teaching and private hospitals in
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Methods: Health institution-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from February to June, 2019 in public
and private hospitals, in Addis Ababa, using sample size determination for comparisons of proportion between the two
populations. All participants who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled based on the flow of pregnant women to the
ANC clinics at the selected hospitals. Data were entered and cleaned using EPI-info version 3.5.1 and analysis was performed
by SPSS version 21. Association of independent variables with the client satisfaction was done using binary and multivariate
logistic regression. Significant association of variables with outcome was determined using adjusted odds ratio (AOR) together
with 95 % confidence interval. Level of significance was set at P-value of ≤ 0.05.
Results: Five hundred seventy one pregnant women attending Antenatal Care at private (281) and public (290) hospitals
were included with response rates of 94.1 and 91.2% for public and private hospitals, respectively. The age distribution of the
participants was between 17 and 43 years with a mean age of 27.3±5.1 years. Most of the clients, 249 (88.7%) at private and 276
(95.2%) at public hospitals were between the ages of 20 and 34 years. One hundred fourteen (39.3%) of the clients at public and
113 (40.2%) at private hospitals were nulliparous. The clients overall satisfaction with antenatal care was mostly positive both at
the private and public hospitals and two hundred twenty eight (81.1%) of the private and 174 (60%) of the public hospitals were
satisfied with the services provided. Having ANC follow up at the private hospitals had statistically significant difference in client
satisfaction compared to those in public hospitals with P value of 0.019, (AOR 2.97, 95% CI:1.19 -7.74). Clients’ satisfaction with
the cleanliness of the environment was 11.1 times more likely to be satisfied with the general ANC service, P<0.05, (AOR 12.18
95% CI: 7.45-19.91). Having more than 4 ANC visits was positively associated with client overall satisfaction, P= 0.021, (AOR
2.41, 95% CI: 1.12-5.24,) while long waiting time is negatively associated with client satisfaction.
Conclusions: The study showed significant difference in client satisfaction rate between the selected private and public
facilities. Private facilities outperformed public facilities with regards to structural features (privacy, waiting time, space, and
neatness). We recommend concerted effort to improve ANC visits and pay due attention to the privacy, waiting time, and the
neatness of the facilities in public hospitals.
Self-Medication and Contributing Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at Public Hospitals of Harar Town, Ethiopia
