scholarly journals Fluvoxamine: A Review of Its Mechanism of Action and Its Role in COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikas P. Sukhatme ◽  
Angela M. Reiersen ◽  
Sharat J. Vayttaden ◽  
Vidula V. Sukhatme
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Antiviral Effect ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Mast Cell Degranulation ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Sigma 1 Receptor ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Sigma 1

Fluvoxamine is a well-tolerated, widely available, inexpensive selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that has been shown in a small, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study to prevent clinical deterioration of patients with mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Fluvoxamine is also an agonist for the sigma-1 receptor, through which it controls inflammation. We review here a body of literature that shows important mechanisms of action of fluvoxamine and other SSRIs that could play a role in COVID-19 treatment. These effects include: reduction in platelet aggregation, decreased mast cell degranulation, interference with endolysosomal viral trafficking, regulation of inositol-requiring enzyme 1α-driven inflammation and increased melatonin levels, which collectively have a direct antiviral effect, regulate coagulopathy or mitigate cytokine storm, which are known hallmarks of severe COVID-19.

scholarly journals Efficacy of a Novel Sigma-1 Receptor Antagonist for Oxaliplatin-Induced Neuropathy: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase IIa Clinical Trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordi Bruna ◽  
Sebastián Videla ◽  
Andreas A. Argyriou ◽  
Roser Velasco ◽  
Jesús Villoria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Sigma 1 Receptor ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Sigma 1

Use of capsaicin as a model in the study of migraine: a literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Raisa Ferreira Costa ◽  
Emanuela Paz Rosas ◽  
Daniela Araújo de Oliveira ◽  
Marcelo Moraes Valença
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Mast Cell ◽  
Dura Mater ◽  
Calcium Influx ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Mast Cell Degranulation ◽  
Chemical Induction ◽  
Chemical Inducers ◽  
Trpv1 Channels ◽  
Review Study

Capsaicin is able to induce mast cell degranulation, an event probably related to the pathophysiologyof a migraine attack. The present review study aimed to address the mechanisms of action of capsaicin and other chemical inducers in mast cell degranulation and an interaction of nerves and events that happen in the dura mater with the activation of mast cells. A survey was carried out in the literature, from 1980 to 2019, in different databases, using the following terms: capsaicin, mast cell and dura mater. 36 articles were selected for this review. Studies indicate that the main mechanisms of action of capsaicin are chemical induction through the activation of TRPV1 channels,allowing calcium influx into neurons in the trigeminal ganglion of the dura mater, activating mast cell degranulation, releasing pro-inflammatory (e.g., histamine, oxide nitric) and vasoactive (e.g., CGRP and substance P) substances. Therefore, the use of capsaicin may be a tool to be used in an animal model to better understand the pathophysiology of migraine. 

scholarly journals Beta blockade reduces neurocardiogenic dysfunction: a double blind, placebo controlled randomized study

1998 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
P.C. Smits ◽  
M.R. Baselier ◽  
A. Stuurman ◽  
J. Kelder ◽  
P.H. Dunselman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Study ◽  
Beta Blockade ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo

Efficacy of Phenazone in the Treatment of Acute Migraine Attacks: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Study

Cephalalgia ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 888-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Göbel ◽  
A Heinze ◽  
U Niederberger ◽  
T Witt ◽  
V Zumbroich
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Acute Migraine ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Main Target

In this study we compared the efficacy of 1000 mg phenazone with that of placebo in the treatment of acute migraine attacks in a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 208 patients. The main target criterion was the number of patients with a pain reduction from severe or moderate to slight or no pain 2 h after taking the pain medication. The percentage of patients satisfying the main target criterion was 48.6% for phenazone and 27.2% ( P < 0.05) for placebo. Freedom from pain after 2 h was reported by 27.6% with phenazone treatment and 13.6% ( P < 0.05) with placebo. Compared with placebo, the phenazone treatment also resulted in a significant improvement in the associated migraine symptoms of nausea, phonophobia and photophobia. Of patients treated with phenazone 11.4%, and 5.8% of those treated with placebo reported adverse events. There was no significant difference between the groups with regard to numbers of patients with adverse events. No serious adverse events occurred. The results show that phenazone at a dosage of 1000 mg is effective and well tolerated in the treatment of acute migraine attacks.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document