scholarly journals Governing for Future Generations: How Political Trust Shapes Attitudes Towards Climate and Debt Policies

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm Fairbrother ◽  
Gustaf Arrhenius ◽  
Krister Bykvist ◽  
Tim Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Public Debt ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Political Trust ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Public Preferences ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
Survey Experiments ◽  
Economic Analyses

Policy decisions, and public preferences about them, often entail judgements about costs people should be willing to pay for the benefit of future generations. Economic analyses discount policies’ future benefits based on expectations about increasing standards of living, while empirical studies in psychology have found future-oriented people are more motivated to protect the environment. In this article, using original surveys and survey experiments in four countries—Sweden, Spain, South Korea, and China—we show that support for future-oriented policies also strongly reflects people’s political trust. Focusing on policies for reducing either global warming or public debt, we find political trust operates on attitudes by shaping people’s (a) confidence in policies’ effectiveness and (b) willingness to sacrifice for others. The influence of political trust outweighs that of subjective concern, while discounting has so little impact that people who expect future generations to be richer are more, not less, willing to sacrifice.

Do We Have to Rethink Sovereign Debt of Developing Countries?

2021 ◽  
pp. 499-517
Author(s):  
Wissem Ajili
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Public Debt ◽  
Sovereign Debt ◽  
Debt Management ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Comprehensive Management ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
Political Choices ◽  
Ecologically Sustainable

The chapter joins new reflections interested in measuring welfare and social progress. The main objective is to determine whether the sovereign debt management process in developing countries is economically viable, socially equitable, and ecologically sustainable. The analysis advocates rethinking the sovereign debt around the idea of social sustainability, that is, the non-questioning of the living conditions of present and future generations and their economic, social, and political choices. The chapter suggests the need for developing countries (1) to ensure a comprehensive management of public debt based on the co-responsibility of both the indebted countries and their creditors, (2) to borrow in priority to finance the most productive investment expenditures, which can have an impact on the populations' standards of living and on economic prosperity, and (3) to reduce the use of austerity programs and anti-social policies.

A Need for Control? Political Trust and Public Preferences for Asylum and Refugee Policy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Marie Jeannet ◽  
Esther Ademmer ◽  
Martin Ruhs ◽  
Tobias Stöhr
Keyword(s):  
Political Trust ◽  
Refugee Policy ◽  
Public Preferences

Global Warming, Justice and Future Generations

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Robin Attfield ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Future Generations

scholarly journals When Will People Pay to Pollute? Environmental Taxes, Political Trust and Experimental Evidence from Britain

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 661-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm Fairbrother
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Political Trust ◽  
Environmental Taxes ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
Survey Experiments ◽  
Political Distrust ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Relationship

This article presents results from survey experiments investigating conditions under which Britons are willing to pay taxes on polluting activities. People are no more willing if revenues are hypothecated for spending on environmental protection, while making such taxes more relevant to people – by naming petrol and electricity as products to which they will apply – has a modestly negative effect. Public willingness increases sharply if people are told that new environmental taxes would be offset by cuts to other taxes, but political distrust appears to undermine much of this effect. Previous studies have argued that political trust shapes public opinion with respect to environmental and many other policies. But this article provides the first experimental evidence suggesting that the relationship is causal, at least for one specific facet: cynicism about public officials’ honesty and integrity. The results suggest a need to make confidence in the trustworthiness of public officials and their promises more central to conceptualizations of political trust.

An Inverter can be Used in Hybrid Wind-Solar Grid-Connected Power System

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 70-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Tian ◽  
Ru Cheng Han ◽  
Chen Li
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Power System ◽  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Grid Security ◽  
Operational Analysis ◽  
Harmonic Content ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Simulation Results

With increasing concern of global warming, many are looking at sustainable energy solutions to protect the earth for the future generations.. This paper presents a new inverter which can be used in hybrid wind/photovoltaic grid-connected power system. This inverter allows the two sources to work separately or simultaneously depending on the availability of the energy sources. Harmonic content is detrimental for the Grid security. The introduction of the inverter can effectively reduce the harmonics generated by the system. Operational analysis of the proposed system will be discussed in this paper. Simulation results are given to highlight the merits of the proposed inverter.

Introduction. The Problematic: Territorial State, International Capital, and Uneven Industrial Development in Thailand

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim Glassman
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Basic Question ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Authoritarian State ◽  
State Involvement ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
Lay Reader

Thailand presents a vexingly ‘hybrid’ image of both success and failure. A lay reader of journalistic and academic literature on Thai development could readily be excused for concurring with the opinion of renowned Thai scholar David Wilson, who long ago insisted ‘What damn good is this country—you can’t compare it to anything!’ (Anderson 1978: 193). Indeed, so contradictory are the varying images of the country and the events taking place within it that it often seems Thailand can’t even be compared to itself. This sense of identity crisis has only been heightened by the economic crisis that began in 1996. What had been one of Asia’s miracle economies led the region into bust, leaving many analysts gasping for air. Thus, as the twenty-first century begins, and we look back on the events of the past century, there is a sense of urgency and contentiousness surrounding a very basic question that one might have already expected to be answered: what exactly is this multifaceted and volatile phenomenon called ‘development’ in Thailand, and why does it generate such diverse evaluations? To be sure, some of the contention is due to non-negotiable differences in political perspectives. Yet even granting this, there seems to be less agreement about how to assess development in Thailand than development in many other places. For example, few South Korea scholars, of whatever persuasion, disagree that the country exhibited remarkable and sustained economic growth in recent decades, that this has at least laid the foundations for significant improvements in overall standards of living for most of the population, or that in spite of the crisis the Korean political economy still has substantial potential for further development. Nor, for that matter, do many people disagree that the development process in South Korea was driven forward by an authoritarian state and that issues such as social justice and environmental sustainability must still be addressed. In contrast, interpreters of Thailand’s development experience seem to disagree about such fundamental issues as the importance of state involvement in the process, the degree of well-being which it has bequeathed to the general population, and the future prospects of development.

scholarly journals Ethical Conflicts Experienced by Nurses in Geriatric Hospitals in South Korea: “If You Can’t Stand the Heat, Get Out of the Kitchen”

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4442
Author(s):  
Moonok Kim ◽  
Younjae Oh ◽  
Byunghye Kong
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Ethics Education ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Ethical Conflict ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Quality Of Patient Care ◽  
Ethical Conflicts ◽  
Geriatric Nurses

Ethical conflicts among nurses can undermine nurses’ psychological comfort and compromise the quality of patient care. In the last decade, several empirical studies on the phenomena related to ethical conflicts, such as ethical dilemmas, issues, problems, difficulties, or challenges, have been reported; however, they have not always deeply explored the meaning of ethical conflicts experienced by nurses in geriatric care. This study aims to understand the lived experiences of ethical conflict of nurses in geriatric hospitals in South Korea. A phenomenological study was conducted. In-depth, face-to-face interviews were performed with nine registered nurses who cared for elderly patients in geriatric hospitals in South Korea between August 2015 and January 2016. Three main themes emerged from the analysis: (1) confusing values for good nursing, (2) distress resulting from not taking required action despite knowing about a problem, and (3) avoiding ethical conflicts as a last resort. It was found that for geriatric nurses to cope with ethical conflicts successfully, clear ethical guidance, continuing ethics education to improve ethical knowledge and moral behaviors, and a supportive system or program to resolve ethical conflicts involving nurses should be established.

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