Social Capital in Energy Enterprises: Poland’s Case

Social capital is currently perceived as one of the basic factors of economic development and economic success of enterprises. However, while there is already much research on social capital in enterprises, there has been little such research in the energy industry. The aim of the publication is to fill the gap in this regard. The basic question that the authors try to answer is whether there is a higher level of capital in energy companies compared to other industries, and if so, what the reasons are for this. Apart from answering this question, the authors present their own method of measuring the level of this capital. The first part of the article presents the results of a study on the level of social capital in Polish energy companies, whereas the second part compares the levels of social capital in energy companies and industrial companies in other sectors. According to the study, energy companies generally have higher levels of social capital than companies in other industries. It has been found, however, that individual forms of capital that comprise social capital differ. The most significant differences were observed in relational capital, followed by cognitive capital at a lower value and structural capital at the lowest. The survey also revealed that there is a difference in social capital levels among the researched professional groups: management, administration, and production.

3D Contour Shaping of Buried Objects in Soil

The basic question of this paper was, whether a detected anomaly found in the ground during an explosives disposal process is actually a non-detonated bomb or non-dangerous metallic scrap. Based on a borehole radar, an approach is to be presented in which first a 2-dimensional contour of the object is created with the aid of a spatial runtime evaluation. By repeating this step at different depths with subsequent graphic overlay, a 3D shape of the buried object is created. The method is first tested using a simulation model with inhomogeneous soil. In the second step the method will be applied and evaluated using a field measurement of a real object. The results shows that both 2D and 3D evaluations reflect the position and orientation of the object. Furthermore, the shape and the dimensions can be estimated, with the restriction that the 3D contour has distortions along the vertical axis. The aim of this work is to show an application of borehole radar, with which the identification of buried objects should be facilitated.

Language: Experience on a Borderline Phenomenon

This article is focused on language’s nature and its role as a condition of understanding. In this context, the basic question remains whether language represents reality or, on the contrary, constitutes it. In order to answer this question, the study examines the border as a phenomenon. If we consider the border as nothing more than a limit, then the world within the boundaries of language appears to be something constructed only by language. If we presume that the border is a field of communication between reality and the subject, then the understanding should include elements of subjectivity, as well as reality itself. This could be the main statement of dialectical symbolism.

Merging Discrete Morse Vector Fields: A Case of Stubborn Geometric Parallelization

We address the basic question in discrete Morse theory of combining discrete gradient fields that are partially defined on subsets of the given complex. This is a well-posed question when the discrete gradient field V is generated using a fixed algorithm which has a local nature. One example is ProcessLowerStars, a widely used algorithm for computing persistent homology associated to a grey-scale image in 2D or 3D. While the algorithm for V may be inherently local, being computed within stars of vertices and so embarrassingly parallelizable, in practical use, it is natural to want to distribute the computation over patches Pi, apply the chosen algorithm to compute the fields Vi associated to each patch, and then assemble the ambient field V from these. Simply merging the fields from the patches, even when that makes sense, gives a wrong answer. We develop both very general merging procedures and leaner versions designed for specific, easy-to-arrange covering patterns.

Vliv organizace státní správy na (místní) příslušnost soudů ve správním soudnictví

This paper deals with changes that have taken place in the organisation of state administration from the perspective of administrative justice and its local jurisdiction. In order to do so, the paper answers the basic question of whether the organisation of state administration (in terms of the local jurisdiction of administrative authorities) and the organisation of administrative courts (also in terms of their local jurisdiction) are related or not. In this context, it is worth considering whether the organisation of administrative justice should follow the organisation of the public/state administration as such and its trends, or even the opposite, and whether the two phenomena should not be independent of each other. The paper summarises the issue of the criteria for determining the local jurisdiction of administrative courts, the legal regulation of which has undergone certain developments, similar to the development of the legal regulation of the organisation of the state administration. The question is whether any common indicators can be traced. The issue under examination is not only of a purely practical nature, such as the criteria for determining the local jurisdiction of an administrative court. It is related to the overall state of both the state administration and the administrative justice and their organization, and it offers a number of questions of a more general nature, such as the formal and informal impact of “its” regional court on the administrative authorities within its jurisdiction, the influence of their case law on “local administrative law”, the question of the availability of administrative courts, or access to them, as well as their caseload. Overall, the paper discusses whether it is possible to find any relationship, or rather consequences, arising from the local jurisdiction of administrative authorities, resulting of course from the form of the organisation of the state administration, and the (non)corresponding local jurisdiction of the administrative justice. Possible de lege ferenda considerations in terms of the organisation and local jurisdiction of the administrative justice are also mentioned.

احادیث سحر کا مسئلہ عصمت انبیاءکے تناظر میں تحقیقی جائزہ

The existence of the effects of magic is proved by the Holy Qur'an, it can not be denied, but the question arises whether the effects of magic also affect the Prophets? It is narrated in many Ahadith the Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was effected by evil magic while magic was done. Now the basic question is that how did the magic happen and the existence of magic is against the glory of the Prophet, isn't it? There is a difference of opinion among the Islamic Scholars on the subject. In the lying article,after researching the correct sequence of sorcery in the context of ahadiths, it has been clarified that the effect of sorcery on the Prophets is a human requirement because sorcery is a disease like other diseases and it is not against the infallibility of the Prophets (Asmat-e-Anbya).

Extremal bifurcations of rotating AdS4 black holes

The Weak Gravity Conjecture arises from the assertion that all extremal black holes, even those which are “classical” in the sense of being very massive, must decay by quantum-mechanical emission of particles or smaller black holes. This is interesting, because some observed astrophysical black holes are on the brink of being extremal — though this is due to rapid rotation rather than a large electric or magnetic charge. The possibility that rotating near-extremal black holes might, in addition to radiating spinning particles, also bifurcate by emitting smaller black holes, has attracted much attention of late. There is, however, a basic question to be answered here: can such a bifurcation be compatible with the second law of thermodynamics? This is by no means clear. Here we show that, if there is indeed such a mechanism for bifurcations of AdS4-Kerr-Newman black holes, then this process can in fact satisfy the second law.

From Lock-In to Transformation: A Path-Centric Theory of Emerging Technology an Organizing

We offer a path-centric theory of emerging technology and organizing that addresses a basic question. When does emerging technology lead to transformative change? A path-centric perspective on technology focuses on the patterns of actions afforded by technology in use. We identify performing and patterning as self-reinforcing mechanisms that shape patterns of action in the domain of emerging technology and organizing. We use a dynamic simulation to show that performing and patterning can lead to a wide range of trajectories, from lock-in to transformation, depending on how emerging technology in use influences the pattern of action. When emerging technologies afford new actions that can be flexibly recombined to generate new paths, decisive transformative effects are more likely. By themselves, new affordances are not likely to generate transformation. We illustrate this theory with examples from the practice of pharmaceutical drug discovery. The path-centric perspective offers a new way to think about generativity and the role of affordances in organizing.

Law as Standing

This article addresses a basic question of general jurisprudence, namely, what difference law makes in moral space. It argues that the difference at issue does not necessarily come to telling us what morality (or justice) might dictate but rather to establishing a way of attributing decisions to all of us and not to any one of us in particular. This also means that law’s distinctive moral virtue is not justice but legitimacy. What renders this possible is the emergence of public officials whose value lies in being public officials. In that, the article defends the standing conception of law, according to which law’s most basic moral contribution is that of establishing an entity whose normative pronouncements could count as made in the name of (or even by) the citizens.

Estimating repeat spectra and genome length from low-coverage genome skims with RESPECT

The cost of sequencing the genome is dropping at a much faster rate compared to assembling and finishing the genome. The use of lightly sampled genomes (genome-skims) could be transformative for genomic ecology, and results using k-mers have shown the advantage of this approach in identification and phylogenetic placement of eukaryotic species. Here, we revisit the basic question of estimating genomic parameters such as genome length, coverage, and repeat structure, focusing specifically on estimating the k-mer repeat spectrum. We show using a mix of theoretical and empirical analysis that there are fundamental limitations to estimating the k-mer spectra due to ill-conditioned systems, and that has implications for other genomic parameters. We get around this problem using a novel constrained optimization approach (Spline Linear Programming), where the constraints are learned empirically. On reads simulated at 1X coverage from 66 genomes, our method, REPeat SPECTra Estimation (RESPECT), had < 1.5% error in length estimation compared to 34% error previously achieved. In shotgun sequenced read samples with contaminants, RESPECT length estimates had median error 4%, in contrast to other methods that had median error 80%. Together, the results suggest that low-pass genomic sequencing can yield reliable estimates of the length and repeat content of the genome. The RESPECT software will be publicly available at https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__github.com_shahab-2Dsarmashghi_RESPECT.git&d=DwIGAw&c=-35OiAkTchMrZOngvJPOeA&r=ZozViWvD1E8PorCkfwYKYQMVKFoEcqLFm4Tg49XnPcA&m=f-xS8GMHKckknkc7Xpp8FJYw_ltUwz5frOw1a5pJ81EpdTOK8xhbYmrN4ZxniM96&s=717o8hLR1JmHFpRPSWG6xdUQTikyUjicjkipjFsKG4w&e=.