scholarly journals Acute Anxiety Predicts Components of the Cold Shock Response on Cold Water Immersion: Toward an Integrated Psychophysiological Model of Acute Cold Water Survival

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin J. Barwood ◽  
Jo Corbett ◽  
Heather Massey ◽  
Terry McMorris ◽  
Mike Tipton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Shock ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Cold Water Immersion ◽  
Cold Shock Response ◽  
Shock Response ◽  
Acute Anxiety ◽  
Water Survival

The Effect of Clothing on the initial Responses to Cold Water Immersion in man

1990 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
M. J. Tipton ◽  
D. A. Stubbs ◽  
D. H. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Protective Clothing ◽  
Cold Shock ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Minute Ventilation ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Cold Water Immersion ◽  
List Type ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Cold Shock Response ◽  
Shock Response

AbstractThe protection provided by three clothing assemblies against the cold shock response was investigated. Nine healthy male volunteers each undertook three two minute head-out immersions into stirred water at 10°C. The subjects wore a different clothing assembly for each immersion, these were: (a)Swimming trunks only;(b)Conventional clothing (equivalent to RN No 8s);(c)Conventional clothing plus windproof/showerproof clothing (RN foul-weather clothing Mk III).The cardiac, ventilatory and thermal responses of the subjects were examined before and during the immersions.No significant differences were found between the magnitude of the responses recorded on immersion when conventional clothing or foul-weather clothing were worn. Mean skin temperature was lower (P<0.05) and respiratory frequency and minute ventilation were higher (P<0.05) on immersion in swimming trunks compared to the other two conditions.It is concluded that when policies for the use of immersion protective clothing are being formulated, consideration should be given to all of the potentially hazardous responses associated with cold water immersion.

scholarly journals Cold Water Swimming—Benefits and Risks: A Narrative Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 8984
Author(s):  
Beat Knechtle ◽  
Zbigniew Waśkiewicz ◽  
Caio Victor Sousa ◽  
Lee Hill ◽  
Pantelis T. Nikolaidis
Keyword(s):  
Cold Shock ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Progressive Decrease ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Cold Shock Response ◽  
Shock Response ◽  
Swimming Efficiency

Cold water swimming (winter or ice swimming) has a long tradition in northern countries. Until a few years ago, ice swimming was practiced by very few extreme athletes. For some years now, ice swimming has been held as competitions in ice-cold water (colder than 5 °C). The aim of this overview is to present the current status of benefits and risks for swimming in cold water. When cold water swimming is practiced by experienced people with good health in a regular, graded and adjusted mode, it appears to bring health benefits. However, there is a risk of death in unfamiliar people, either due to the initial neurogenic cold shock response or due to a progressive decrease in swimming efficiency or hypothermia.

Cold water survival – an evidence-based update

2017 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-193
Author(s):  
C House
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Cold Water Immersion ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Royal Navy ◽  
World War ◽  
Incident Reports ◽  
Water Survival

AbstractRoyal Navy (RN) cold water survival advice was historically based on data collated from immersion incident reports during World War II. This evidence-based review highlights the advances in the knowledge and understanding of the risks associated with cold water immersion and how this has been applied to provide up-to-date advice to maximise the chances of survival for passengers on board RN helicopters ditching into water.

Acute anxiety increases the magnitude of the cold shock response before and after habituation

2012 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 681-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin James Barwood ◽  
Jo Corbett ◽  
Richard Green ◽  
Tim Smith ◽  
Perry Tomlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Shock ◽  
Cold Shock Response ◽  
Shock Response ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Acute Anxiety

scholarly journals Brain blood flow and hyperventilation on cold water immersion: can treading water help control these symptoms of cold shock?

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Barwood ◽  
Holly Burrows ◽  
Jess Cessford ◽  
Liz Fraser ◽  
Stuart Goodall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cold Shock ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Cold Water Immersion ◽  
Brain Blood Flow

scholarly journals Habituation of the cold shock response is inhibited by repeated anxiety: Implications for safety behaviour on accidental cold water immersions

2017 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 10-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin J. Barwood ◽  
Jo Corbett ◽  
Mike Tipton ◽  
Christopher Wagstaff ◽  
Heather Massey
Keyword(s):  
Cold Shock ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Cold Shock Response ◽  
Shock Response ◽  
Safety Behaviour

Patient Involvement in Treatment Decision Making Can Help or Hinder Placebo Analgesia

2014 ◽  
Vol 222 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew L. Geers ◽  
Jason P. Rose ◽  
Stephanie L. Fowler ◽  
Jill A. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Patient Involvement ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Cold Water Immersion ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Placebo Analgesia ◽  
Treatment Decision Making ◽  
Immersion Experience

Experiments have found that choosing between placebo analgesics can reduce pain more than being assigned a placebo analgesic. Because earlier research has shown prior experience moderates choice effects in other contexts, we tested whether prior experience with a pain stimulus moderates this placebo-choice association. Before a cold water pain task, participants were either told that an inert cream would reduce their pain or they were not told this information. Additionally, participants chose between one of two inert creams for the task or they were not given choice. Importantly, we also measured prior experience with cold water immersion. Individuals with prior cold water immersion experience tended to display greater placebo analgesia when given choice, whereas participants without this experience tended to display greater placebo analgesia without choice. Prior stimulus experience appears to moderate the effect of choice on placebo analgesia.

Thermoregulatory responses to cold water at different times of day

1999 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Castellani ◽  
Andrew J. Young ◽  
James E. Kain ◽  
Michael N. Sawka
Keyword(s):  
Cold Water ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Cold Water Immersion ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Mean Skin Temperature ◽  
Mean Body Temperature ◽  
Metabolic Heat ◽  
Body Temperature Change ◽  
The Mean

This study examined how time of day affects thermoregulation during cold-water immersion (CWI). It was hypothesized that the shivering and vasoconstrictor responses to CWI would differ at 0700 vs. 1500 because of lower initial core temperatures (Tcore) at 0700. Nine men were immersed (20°C, 2 h) at 0700 and 1500 on 2 days. No differences ( P > 0.05) between times were observed for metabolic heat production (M˙, 150 W ⋅ m−2), heat flow (250 W ⋅ m−2), mean skin temperature (T sk, 21°C), and the mean body temperature-change in M˙(ΔM˙) relationship. Rectal temperature (Tre) was higher ( P < 0.05) before (Δ = 0.4°C) and throughout CWI during 1500. The change in Tre was greater ( P < 0.05) at 1500 (−1.4°C) vs. 0700 (−1.2°C), likely because of the higher Tre-T skgradient (0.3°C) at 1500. These data indicate that shivering and vasoconstriction are not affected by time of day. These observations raise the possibility that CWI may increase the risk of hypothermia in the early morning because of a lower initial Tcore.

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