scholarly journals Investigating the Validity Evidence of the Swedish TriPM in High Security Prisoners Using the PCL-R and NEO-FFI

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malin Pauli ◽  
Hannibal Ölund Alonso ◽  
Jenny Liljeberg ◽  
Petter Gustavsson ◽  
Katarina Howner
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Validity Evidence ◽  
Association Patterns ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist ◽  
High Security ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist Revised ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Core Construct ◽  
Triarchic Model

The triarchic model of psychopathy was developed to bridge opposing descriptions of psychopathy by separating the core construct in three domains; boldness, meanness, and disinhibition. The Triarchic Psychopathy Measure (TriPM) operationalizes the model through a 58-item self-report questionnaire. The current study examined the psychometric properties of the Swedish translation by investigating intercorrelations and associations to expert-rated psychopathy, general personality and psychopathy-related traits in male high-security prisoners (n = 191). Psychopathy rated with TriPM and the Psychopathy Checklist Revised (PCL-R) demonstrated expected convergence, as did empathy and impulsivity measures. The Disinhibition and Meanness scales were highly correlated, indicating that the scales might not be adequately differentiated. Nevertheless, the divergent association patterns to other important variables, particularly neuroticism and empathy, also points to meaningful differences. However, the lack of association between Disinhibition and Boldness may put into question if these domains are related at all, especially since there was a lack of similarity in the association patterns with other clinical variables. The influence of antisocial behavior in the TriPM operationalization might amplify the similarities of the Meanness and Disinhibition scales, while diluting the associations between Meanness and Boldness. In conclusion, the Swedish TriPM is effective in measuring the domains of triarchic model in forensic settings, even though a revision of the scales might improve the psychometric properties of the instrument.

Spotting psychopaths using technology

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 721-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Hulbert ◽  
Hojjat Adeli
Keyword(s):  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
General Point ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist ◽  
Human Element ◽  
Psychopathic Personality Inventory ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist Revised ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

AbstractFor the past three and a half decades, the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) and the self-report Psychopathic Personality Inventory-Revised (PPI-R) have been the standard measures for the diagnosis of psychopathy. Technological approaches can enhance these diagnostic methodologies. The purpose of this paper is to present a state-of-the-art review of various technological approaches for spotting psychopathy, such as electroencephalogram (EEG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional MRI (fMRI), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and other measures. Results of EEG event-related potential (ERP) experiments support the theory that impaired amygdala function may be responsible for abnormal fear processing in psychopathy, which can ultimately manifest as psychopathic traits, as outlined by the PCL-R or PPI-R. Imaging studies, in general, point to reduced fear processing capabilities in psychopathic individuals. While the human element, introduced through researcher/participant interactions, can be argued as unequivocally necessary for diagnosis, these purely objective technological approaches have proven to be useful in conjunction with the subjective interviewing and questionnaire methods for differentiating psychopaths from non-psychopaths. Furthermore, these technologies are more robust than behavioral measures, which have been shown to fail.

The Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, Clinician Rating (IDS-C) and Self-Report (IDS-SR), and the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, Clinician Rating (QIDS-C) and Self-Report (QIDS-SR) in public sector patients with mood disorders: a psychometric evaluation

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. TRIVEDI ◽  
A. J. RUSH ◽  
H. M. IBRAHIM ◽  
T. J. CARMODY ◽  
M. M. BIGGS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Summary Score ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Energy Concentration ◽  
Clinician Rating ◽  
Highly Correlated

Background. The present study provides additional data on the psychometric properties of the 30-item Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (IDS) and of the recently developed Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS), a brief 16-item symptom severity rating scale that was derived from the longer form. Both the IDS and QIDS are available in matched clinician-rated (IDS-C30; QIDS-C16) and self-report (IDS-SR30; QIDS-SR16) formats.Method. The patient samples included 544 out-patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and 402 out-patients with bipolar disorder (BD) drawn from 19 regionally and ethnicically diverse clinics as part of the Texas Medication Algorithm Project (TMAP). Psychometric analyses including sensitivity to change with treatment were conducted.Results. Internal consistencies (Cronbach's alpha) ranged from 0·81 to 0·94 for all four scales (QIDS-C16, QIDS-SR16, IDS-C30 and IDS-SR30) in both MDD and BD patients. Sad mood, involvement, energy, concentration and self-outlook had the highest item-total correlations among patients with MDD and BD across all four scales. QIDS-SR16 and IDS-SR30 total scores were highly correlated among patients with MDD at exit (c=0·83). QIDS-C16 and IDS-C30 total scores were also highly correlated among patients with MDD (c=0·82) and patients with BD (c=0·81). The IDS-SR30, IDS-C30, QIDS-SR16, and QIDS-C16 were equivalently sensitive to symptom change, indicating high concurrent validity for all four scales. High concurrent validity was also documented based on the SF-12 Mental Health Summary score for the population divided in quintiles based on their IDS or QIDS score.Conclusion. The QIDS-SR16 and QIDS-C16, as well as the longer 30-item versions, have highly acceptable psychometric properties and are treatment sensitive measures of symptom severity in depression.

Psychopathy in a Multiethnic World: Investigating Multiple Measures of Psychopathy in Hispanic, African American, and Caucasian Offenders

Assessment ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dylan T. Gatner ◽  
Adam J. E. Blanchard ◽  
Kevin S. Douglas ◽  
Scott O. Lilienfeld ◽  
John F. Edens
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist ◽  
Secondary Psychopathy ◽  
Psychopathic Personality Inventory ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist Revised ◽  
Primary And Secondary Psychopathy

Despite the forensic relevance of psychopathy and the overrepresentation of Hispanics in the United States’ criminal justice system, these two issues remain underexplored, particularly with self-report measures of psychopathy. We investigated the criterion validity of three psychopathy measures among African Americans, Caucasians, and Hispanics in a sample of 1,742 offenders. More similarity than dissimilarity emerged across groups. The factor structures of psychopathy measures among Hispanic offenders were consistent with previous findings. Few significant differences emerged between Hispanic and Caucasian offenders, with most differences emerging between African Americans and the other ethnic groups. In such instances, the correlates of psychopathy were typically weaker for African Americans. The Psychopathy Checklist–Revised yielded fewer psychopathy × ethnicity interactions than the Psychopathic Personality Inventory and Levenson Primary and Secondary Psychopathy Scales. Overall, these psychopathy measures showed reasonable validity across these cultural groups.

Psychopathy Scores Predict Adolescent Inpatient Aggression

Assessment ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ed Stafford ◽  
Dewey G. Cornell
Keyword(s):  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Incremental Validity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist Revised ◽  
Adolescent Inpatient ◽  
Post Hoc

This prospective study found that psychopathy scores predicted aggressive behavior among 72 adolescent psychiatric inpatients, even after controlling for age, sex, socioeconomic status, length of hospital stay, and independent self-report measures of impulsivity and conduct problems. Psychopathy was assessed within 3 days of hospital admission by clinical raters trained in the use of Hare's Psychopathy Checklist–Revised. Aggressive behavior was recorded by clinical staff members who were unaware of psychopathy ratings. Adolescents rated higher in psychopathy exhibited higher frequencies of both reactive and instrumental aggressive behavior than adolescents rated lower in psychopathy. Post hoc regression analyses revealed that psychopathy had incremental validity in predicting aggression beyond the contribution of clinical diagnosis or scores on the Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory.

Psychometric Properties of Two Self-Report Suicide Assessment and Intervention Competency Measures in a Sample of Vocational Rehabilitation Support Staff

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily M. Lund ◽  
Jared C. Schultz ◽  
Michael R. Nadorff ◽  
Kate Galbraith ◽  
Katie B. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Support Staff ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Competency Assessment ◽  
Suicide Assessment ◽  
Highly Correlated

We analysed the psychometric properties of two published self-report suicide assessment competency rating scales – the Suicide Competency Inventory (SCI) and the Suicide Competency Assessment Form (SCAF) – in a sample of 93 public-sector vocational rehabilitation support staff from six states in the United States. Both measures demonstrated very good to excellent internal consistency in our sample. Exploratory factor analysis with principal axis factoring indicated the SCI loads on a two-factor model in this sample, as opposed to the three-factor model proposed by the measure's authors. The SCAF loaded on a single factor, consistent with the theoretical model proposed by the original authors. The SCI and SCAF were highly correlated with each other, providing initial evidence of convergent construct validity. These results provide initial support for the use of these measures as a reliable and valid means of assessing perceived suicide assessment competency in vocational rehabilitation support staff.

The Reliability and Validity of the Psychopathy Checklist–Revised in a Sample of Female Offenders

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer E. Vitale ◽  
Stevens S. Smith ◽  
Chad A. Brinkley ◽  
Joseph P. Newman
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Female Offenders ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist Revised ◽  
Validity Measures

The reliability and validity of the Psychopathy Checklist–Revised (PCL–R) was examined in a sample of 528 nonpsychotic female offenders participating in a study assessing the generalizability of the instrument to females using personality, attitudinal, and laboratory behavioral measures. Results showed good interrater reliability and adequate internal consistency. Correlations with a number of self-report validity measures and previous criminal behavior provide support for the convergent validity of the instrument. A lack of association with general psychopathology provides support for the discriminant validity of the instrument. However, significant correlations with anxiety, negative affectivity, and intelligence run counter to expectations and to findings with male offenders. Furthermore, the low base rate of psychopathy in this sample, relative to base rates among male prisoners, raises the concern that either psychopathy is less prevalent in females than in males or the PCL–R is not adequately assessing the construct in female offenders.

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