scholarly journals Insights Into Adolescents' Substance Use in a Low–Middle-Income Country During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Thung Sen ◽  
Kristiana Siste ◽  
Enjeline Hanafi ◽  
Belinda Julivia Murtani ◽  
Hans Christian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Adolescent Alcohol Use ◽  
Adolescent Alcohol

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic and its lockdown have been a significant life event for many individuals, particularly adolescents. The immense psychological pressure could drive risky behavior, e.g., substance use, while lockdown might lead to decreased use. This study aimed to observe the change in substance use among adolescents in Indonesia and the moderating variables to consumption during the COVID-19 lockdown period.Methods: This study utilized an online survey from April 28, 2020 to June 30, 2020. The hyperlink was disseminated to school administrators and parenting groups through social media and direct messages. A total of 2,932 adolescents (17.4 ± 2.24 and 78.7% females) submitted valid responses. The survey was comprised of a sociodemographic section, substance use details, and psychometric sections, including the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), Cigarette Dependence Scale 12 (CDS-12), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).Results: Overall, adolescent alcohol use during the pandemic was 5.1%, cigarette smoking was 3.1%, and drug consumption was 0.4%. Over half (53.4%) of alcohol drinkers reported increased drinking, and 33.1% had harmful or dependence-like drinking behavior; in contrast, 44.4% of adolescent smokers disclosed reduced cigarette consumption. Around 37.8% of the drug users indicated increased use. During the pandemic, adolescent alcohol use was associated with higher education [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.67, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02–4.86, p = 0.04], higher AUDIT scores (AOR = 1.33, 95% CI 1.25–1.42, p < 0.001), and very low prosocial behavior (AOR = 2.46, 95% CI 1.52–3.88, p < 0.001). Cigarette smoking was correlated with male sex (AOR = 9.56, 95% CI 5.64–16.62, p < 0.001), age (AOR = 1.40, 95% CI 1.14–1.75, p < 0.001), and higher CDS score (AOR = 1.17, 95% CI 1.13–1.20, p < 0.001).Conclusions: Rates of adolescent substance use were significant, with sizeable proportions reporting higher usage. This appeared to occur predominantly in specific demographics and those with a lower protective psychosocial attribute, i.e., prosocial behavior, during the lockdown. These findings should urge the strengthening of adolescent addiction care during and after the pandemic.

scholarly journals Adolescent Alcohol Use: The Effects of Parental Knowledge, Peer Substance Use, and Peer Tolerance of Use

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina M. Sellers ◽  
Kimberly H. McManama O’Brien ◽  
Lynn Hernandez ◽  
Anthony Spirito
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Parental Knowledge ◽  
Adolescent Alcohol Use ◽  
Adolescent Alcohol ◽  
Peer Substance Use

scholarly journals Alcohol- and Cigarette-Use Related Behaviors During Quarantine and Physical Distancing Amid COVID-19 in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enjeline Hanafi ◽  
Kristiana Siste ◽  
Albert Prabowo Limawan ◽  
Lee Thung Sen ◽  
Hans Christian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cigarette Consumption ◽  
Multinomial Regression ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
The Mean

Background: In light of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, Indonesia implemented large-scale social restrictions (pembatasan sosial berskala besar/PSBB) to combat the spread of COVID-19, which might influence addictive behaviors. The current study aimed to explore the fluctuation of substance use during the pandemic and association of physical distancing and related factors toward consumption of alcohol and cigarettes.Method: An online survey was conducted from April 28 to June 1, 2020. Data regarding sociodemographic information, physical distancing profile, alcohol and cigarette usages, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), Cigarette Dependence Scale (CDS), Symptom Checklist-90, and Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were collected. A total of 4,584 respondents from all 34 provinces in Indonesia completed the survey. Data were summarized descriptively and analyzed using chi-square, ANOVA, and multinomial regression on SPSS 23.0 for Windows.Results: This study found that during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia alcohol consumption was 9.50% and daily cigarette smoking was 20.3%. Around 44.5% and 47.6% of respondents reported stable alcohol consumption and cigarette consumption, respectively. The mean AUDIT score was 3.52 ± 4.66 and the mean CDS score was 24.73 ± 8.86. Physical distancing was not correlated to any substance use changes. Increased alcohol consumption was negatively correlated with being unmarried and positively correlated with a higher PSQI score. Decreased alcohol use positively correlated with living in PSBB-implementing provinces and higher AUDIT scores when compared to stable alcohol drinking. Increased cigarette smoking was positively correlated with being male, unmarried, and higher CDS scores. Reduced cigarette smoking was negatively correlated with living in provinces implementing PSBB, higher CDS scores, and phobic anxiety, hostility, and psychoticism subscales of SCL-90.Discussion and Conclusion: The prevalence of alcohol and cigarette consumption changes showed a similar trend with other available studies in other countries. This study established that substance use was mainly sustained with a smaller proportion of respondents amplifying their substance usages. The changes were correlated with PSBB policy but not the practice of physical distancing. Psychiatry and addiction services in Indonesia should be strengthened to cope with the increased burden of psychological distress. Future studies should conduct more comparisons to determine whether the overall rising intensity of consumption was maintained post-pandemic and delineate acute psychopathologies' effects on substance use.

scholarly journals Adolescent Substance Use

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara Woodward
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Adolescent Substance Use ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Adolescent Substance ◽  
Adolescent Alcohol Use ◽  
Adolescent Alcohol ◽  
Developmental Contexts

BACKGROUND Adolescent substance use has long been a global public health issue. In this study, we explored developmental contexts that correspond with protective and risk factors associated with adolescent substance use. The developmental contexts of interest are the family domain, the school domain, the peer domain, and the structured and unstructured leisure domains. The leisure domain is of particular interest as it often corresponds with protective and risk factors different from those associated with the other domains. The purpose of this study was to assess whether the identified domains are associated with adolescent alcohol use and cannabis use. METHODS This study used previously collected adolescent health and behavior surveillance data from (N = ~ 3,500) 7th-12th graders in a Northeastern state in the fall of 2019. The data was used to assess whether the identified domains are associated with adolescent alcohol use and cannabis use. We analyzed each outcome variable using separate hierarchical multiple regression models. RESULTS Each of the selected variables in our analysis: family, school, peer, structured and unstructured leisure domains were significantly associated with one or both of the dependent variables (alcohol or cannabis use). In our model, the peer domain was the strongest risk factor for adolescent substance use in our study, followed by the unstructured leisure domain. Family, structured leisure, and school offered similar levels of protection against substance use in per unit change. CONCLUSIONS Implications for utilizing the peer and leisure developmental contexts to prevent adolescent substance use and recommendations for further research and investment are discussed.

The Role of Positive Expectancies in Risk Behavior

Crisis ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie M. Jarvi ◽  
Lance P. Swenson
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Alcohol Expectancies ◽  
Affective States ◽  
High Risk Behaviors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Positive Expectancies

Abstract. Background: Alcohol use and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) appear to share a conceptual overlap in functions (e.g., tension reduction). Alcohol use has been identified as a risk factor for NSSI, and higher rates of alcohol use have been documented among those with NSSI history. Aims: This study examined whether NSSI-related alcohol expectancies affect relations between NSSI and alcohol use. Method: Participants were 367 college students (73% female) asked to complete an online survey about their drinking behavior and lifetime NSSI. Results: NSSI and alcohol use were highly prevalent in this sample: 56% endorsed lifetime NSSI and 74% endorsed current alcohol use. Of note, 43% (n = 147) endorsed both behaviors. Positive NSSI-related alcohol expectancies showed a significant association with lifetime NSSI. In addition, positive NSSI-related alcohol expectancies were associated with more frequent drinking behavior for individuals with a history of NSSI, particularly those who had engaged in two or more methods of lifetime NSSI. Conclusion: Alcohol use and NSSI represent high-risk behaviors commonly employed to regulate unwanted affective states. Interventions targeting substance use and/or NSSI may consider assessing positive NSSI and substance use expectancies, as the presence of these beliefs suggests a higher risk profile.

Neighborhood Influences on Adolescent Cigarette and Alcohol Use: Mediating Effects through Parent and Peer Behaviors

2005 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Chih Chuang ◽  
Susan T. Ennett ◽  
Karl E. Bauman ◽  
Vangie A. Foshee
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Adolescent Alcohol Use ◽  
Adolescent Alcohol

The influence of neighborhoods on adolescent behaviors has received increasing research attention. In the present study, we use structural equation models to specify pathways from neighborhoods to adolescent cigarette and alcohol use through parental closeness, parental monitoring, parent substance use, and peer substance use. We use a national sample with 959 adolescents 12 to 14 years of age whose residential addresses were matched with 1990 Census tracts to provide neighborhood characteristics. We found that for adolescent cigarette use low socioeconomic status (SES) neighborhoods were associated with increased parental monitoring, which was further associated with decreased adolescent cigarette use. For adolescent alcohol use, high SES neighborhoods were associated with increased parent drinking, which was further associated with increased adolescent alcohol use. Low SES neighborhoods were associated with increased parental monitoring and increased peer drinking, which were in turn associated with decreased and increased adolescent alcohol use, respectively.

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