scholarly journals Risk Perceptions and Protective Behaviors Toward Bovine Tuberculosis Among Abattoir and Butcher Workers in Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fikre Fekadu ◽  
Tariku Jibat Beyene ◽  
Ashenafi Feyisa Beyi ◽  
Bedaso Mammo Edao ◽  
Takele Beyene Tufa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Protective Behaviors

scholarly journals The Role of Risk Perceptions and Affective Consequences in COVID-19 Protective Behaviors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie E. Alegria ◽  
Sara E. Fleszar-Pavlović ◽  
Dalena D. Ngo ◽  
Aislinn Beam ◽  
Deanna M. Halliday ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Protective Behaviors ◽  
Affective Consequences

scholarly journals Contrasting the Perceived Severity of COVID-19 and HIV Infection in an Online Survey of Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men During the U.S. COVID-19 Epidemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 155798832095754
Author(s):  
Rob Stephenson ◽  
Tanaka M. D. Chavanduka ◽  
Matthew T. Rosso ◽  
Stephen P. Sullivan ◽  
Renée A. Pitter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Protective Behaviors ◽  
Perceived Severity ◽  
Banner Advertisements ◽  
Public Health Messages ◽  
Sex With Men

While there is evidence of variations in the risk perceptions of COVID-19 and that they are linked to both engagement in health-protective behaviors and poor mental health outcomes, there has been a lack of attention to how individuals perceive the risk of COVID-19 relative to other infectious diseases. This paper examines the relative perceptions of the severity of COVID-19 and HIV among a sample of U.S. gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSMs). The “Love and Sex in the Time of COVID-19” survey was conducted online from April 2020 to May 2020. GBMSMs were recruited through paid banner advertisements featured on social networking platforms, resulting in a sample size of 696. The analysis considers differences in responses to two scales: the Perceived Severity of HIV Infection and the Perceived Severity of COVID-19 Infection. Participants perceived greater seriousness for HIV infection (mean 46.67, range 17–65) than for COVID-19 infection (mean 38.81, range 13–62). Some items reflecting more proximal impacts of infection (anxiety, loss of sleep, and impact on employment) were similar for HIV and COVID-19. Those aged over 25 and those who perceived higher prevalence of COVID-19 in the United States or their state were more likely to report COVID-19 as more severe than HIV. There is a need to develop nuanced public health messages for GBMSMs that convey the ongoing simultaneous health threats of both HIV and COVID-19.

scholarly journals Risk Perceptions and Protective Behaviors: Evidence from COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kate Bundorf ◽  
Jill DeMatteis ◽  
Grant Miller ◽  
Maria Polyakova ◽  
Jialu Streeter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Protective Behaviors

scholarly journals Perceived Risk and Intentions to Practice Health Protective Behaviors in a Mining-Impacted Region

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney M. Cooper ◽  
Jeff B. Langman ◽  
Dilshani Sarathchandra ◽  
Chantal A. Vella ◽  
Chloe B. Wardropper
Keyword(s):  
Risk Communication ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Lead Contamination ◽  
Protective Behaviors ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Belief Model

Understanding the strength of the associations between perceived risk and individuals’ behavioral intentions to protect their health is important for determining appropriate risk communication strategies in communities impacted by lead contamination. We conducted a survey within communities of northern Idaho, USA (n = 306) near a Superfund megasite with legacy mining contamination. We empirically test a theoretical model based on the Health Belief Model. Survey respondents had higher intentions to practice health protective behaviors when they perceived the risk of lead contamination as severe, recognized the benefits of health protective behaviors, and considered the risks of lead contamination. Women reported higher behavioral intentions than men, but age and mining affiliation did not have an association. Survey comments indicated that perceptions about the long-term environmental remediation in the region influenced risk perceptions. Understanding risk perceptions, behavioral intentions, and related factors can aid public health agencies in tailoring risk communication for increasing protective behaviors in mining-impacted communities internationally.

Challenges and Opportunities for Communicating Lead Exposure Risks in Idaho’s Silver Valley

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney Marie Cooper ◽  
Madeline Sarah Goebel ◽  
Valerie Therese Wade ◽  
Chloe Bradley Wardropper
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Risk Communication ◽  
Lead Exposure ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Health District ◽  
Protective Behaviors ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Exposure Risks ◽  
Lead Hazards

Lead-contaminated soil and dust remain a primary hazard for mining-impacted regions around the world. Exposure to lead is linked to a range of negative health consequences like developmental delays in children. Residents and visitors in mining-impacted regions can practice health protective behaviors such as handwashing and avoidance of possibly contaminated areas to limit exposure. Health districts face the challenge of informing people about these recommended protective behaviors. The objective of this case is to describe the risk communication strategies employed by a health district and to evaluate residents’ perceptions of the risk of lead exposure in a mining-impacted region of northern Idaho. The case examination draws from risk communication literature, the experiences of the health district, and a community survey. The survey results suggest that appropriately tailoring health risk messages based on elevating recipients’ risk perceptions and efficacy levels may help to encourage protective behaviors. Because lead hazards pose dynamic risks in mining-impacted communities, it is also important to periodically update health risk messages through two-way information exchanges between experts and nonexperts. Lessons learned from this case can be applied to improve health through risk communication in other communities where lead hazards pose threats to human health.

Using MTurk to Capture Change: Tracking Perceptions of COVID-19 in a U.S. sample through the UO-EPIDeMIC Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo Duarte ◽  
Brittany Shoots-Reinhard ◽  
Michael Silverstein ◽  
Raleigh Goodwin ◽  
Pär Bjälkebring ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Mechanical Turk ◽  
Protective Behaviors ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Longitudinal Waves ◽  
Media Usage ◽  
Global Catastrophe ◽  
The University ◽  
Single Cohort

The University of Oregon’s “Emotions and Polarization in Decisions & Media in COVID-19” (UO-EPIDeMIC) study tracked perceptions of the COVID-19 pandemic from February 17th of 2020 through December 17th of 2020 in a single cohort of 1,284 American Mechanical Turk (MTurk) workers. Affect, attitudes, risk perceptions, intentions for protective behaviors, trust in various actors, media usage, and attitudes towards potential solutions were measured throughout the pandemic’s progression. Through six longitudinal waves of surveys, we demonstrate Mturk’s potential as a tool for recruiting high-quality longitudinal cohorts of participants. The data collected through these surveys have been used in various lines of research to learn about how individuals react and adapt to a global catastrophe.

scholarly journals Dry Heat Among the Red Rocks: Risk Perceptions and Behavioral Responses to Extreme Heat Among Outdoor Recreationists in Southeastern Utah

2019 ◽  
Vol 06 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 2050004
Author(s):  
Kirsten Goldstein ◽  
Peter D. Howe
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Extreme Heat ◽  
Protective Behaviors ◽  
Resource Managers ◽  
Geographic Differences ◽  
Natural Resource Managers

Understanding how people perceive the risks of extreme heat is an essential part of developing better risk communication strategies and ultimately reducing vulnerability to heat. This study analyzed how tourists perceive and respond to extreme heat while recreating on public lands in southeastern Utah, a hot and dry environment. An increasing number of tourists are visiting national parks in the southwestern United States, exposing more people to heat-related health risks. This investigation focuses on how geographic differences of origin and thermal perceptions are associated with risk perceptions of extreme heat, and how risk perceptions in turn are associated with protective behaviors. This study found that risk perceptions of extreme heat were not significantly associated with demographic differences or the geographic origin of respondents. This study did find that while visitors could accurately predict the air temperature, on average within 1.1∘C (2∘F) of the actual temperature, visitors’ risk perception of extreme heat did not increase as temperatures increased. This study also found that visitors with higher risk perceptions were more likely to have engaged in certain protective behaviors — such as checking the weather conditions before their hike — but not others, such as the amount of water they carried. By understanding how people perceive and respond to the hazard, we can better understand best practices for communicating the risks of extreme heat with the intent of saving lives. These results are intended to help tourist agencies, emergency and natural resource managers and planners, and policymakers in creating and improving communication strategies for extreme heat.

scholarly journals Risk Perception and Protective Behaviors During the Rise of the COVID-19 Outbreak in Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Savadori ◽  
Marco Lauriola
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Protective Behavior ◽  
Protective Behaviors ◽  
Social Closeness ◽  
Cultural Worldviews

Risk perception is important in determining health-protective behavior. During the rise of the COVID-19 epidemic, we tested a comprehensive structural equation model of risk perception to explain adherence to protective behaviors in a crisis context using a survey of 572 Italian citizens. We identified two categories of protective behaviors, labeled promoting hygiene and cleaning, and avoiding social closeness. Social norms and risk perceptions were the more proximal antecedents of both categories. Cultural worldviews, affect, and experience of COVID-19 were the more distal predictors. Promoting hygiene and cleaning was triggered by the negative affective attitude toward coronavirus and mediated by an affective appraisal of risk. The deliberate dimension of risk perception (perceived likelihood) predicted only avoiding social closeness. Social norms predicted both types of behaviors and mediated the relations of cultural worldviews. Individualism (vs. communitarianism), more than hierarchy (vs. egalitarianism), shaped the affective evaluation of coronavirus. The model was an acceptable fit to the data and accounted for 20% and 29% of the variance in promoting hygiene and cleaning, and avoiding social closeness, respectively. The findings were robust to the effect of sociodemographic factors (age, gender, education, socioeconomic status, and zone of the country). Taken together, our findings confirmed the empirical distinction between affective and deliberate processes in risk perception, supported the validity of the affect heuristic, and highlighted the role of social norms as an account for why individualistic people were less likely to follow the prescribed health-protective behaviors. Implications for risk communication are discussed.

scholarly journals Boldness Personality Traits Are Associated With Reduced Risk Perceptions and Adoption of Protective Behaviors During the First COVID-19 Outbreak

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago O. Paiva ◽  
Natália Cruz-Martins ◽  
Rita Pasion ◽  
Pedro R. Almeida ◽  
Fernando Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
State Anxiety ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Protective Behaviors ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Reduced Frequency ◽  
Health Strategy ◽  
Containment Measures ◽  
Personality Features

The containment measures imposed during the first COVID-19 outbreak required economic, social, and behavioral changes to minimize the spread of the coronavirus. Some studies have focused on how personality predicts distinct patterns of adherence to protective measures with psychopathic and antisocial traits predicting reduced engagement in such measures. In this study we extended previous findings by analyzing how boldness, meanness, and disinhibition psychopathic traits relate with both risk perceptions and protective behaviors during the first COVID-19 outbreak. A sample of 194 individuals (24% male) engaged in the survey, were assessed for psychopathic traits with the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure, and completed a COVID-19 survey targeting risk perceptions (spread, risk of becoming infected, state anxiety toward the COVID-19, and perceived risk of specific behaviors) and frequency of protective behaviors (e.g., not engaging in social distancing). Overall results show that boldness predicts reduced estimate of COVID-19 spread, reduced perceived risk of becoming infected, reduced state anxiety toward COVID-19, and reduced frequency of protective behaviors. Exploratory mediation models suggest that risk perceptions are not significant mediators of the association between psychopathic traits and reduced engagement in protective behaviors. Our results unveil that psychopathic traits affect risk perceptions and the propensity to engage in protective measures, emphasizing the need to accommodate these personality features in the public health strategy to control the COVID-19 spread.

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