THE ASSESSMENT OF HEPATIC COPPER CONTENT IN LAMB, YEARLING, SHEEP AND CATTLE SLAUGHTERED IN ERBIL CITY, KURDISTAN REGION-/ IRAQ

ABSTRACT Special staining and grading of canine liver cytology samples aids in detection of increased copper content. The prevalence of copper in routine diagnostic liver cytology samples, clinical findings associated with high cytologic copper (cCu) grade, and the correlation between cCu grade and histologic findings, including histologic copper (hCu) grade, are unknown. This data may be helpful in ascertaining when to determine a cCu grade and when interpreting cCu grade. Clinical data and available archived hepatic histologic and cytologic samples from 198 dogs were collected, evaluated, rhodanine stained, and graded for copper. Prevalence of increased cCu >5 in a randomly collected group of 163 individuals, and the correlation between cCu and clinical data (n = 198), hCu grade (n = 37), or findings on hematoxylin and eosin–stained hepatic sections (n = 32) were evaluated. The observed prevalence was 1.23%. Dogs with elevated alanine transaminase >180 IU/L or aspartate transaminase >90 IU/L and patients who subsequently had hepatic copper quantification were statistically more likely to have pathologic levels of copper detected by cytology. There was significant and modest correlation between cCu and hCu, interface hepatitis, portal inflammation, and fibrosis. Evidence of hepatocellular leakage may be indications for determination of cCu.

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Quantitative Trait Loci Influencing Hepatic Copper in Rats

Experimental Biology and Medicine ◽

10.1177/153537020222700718 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 227 (7) ◽

pp. 529-534 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

I.D. de Wolf ◽

A.C.M. Bonné ◽

X.M. Fielmich-Bouman ◽

B.A. van Oost ◽

A.C. Beynen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Trait ◽

Copper Content ◽

Major Quantitative Trait Locus ◽

Genetic Variance ◽

Inbred Strains ◽

Chromosome 2 ◽

Hepatic Copper ◽

Liver Copper ◽

Animal Liver ◽

Trait Locus

Significant differences in liver copper content have been observed between rat inbred strains. To define loci controlling this trait, the offspring (n = 190) from an (LEW/OlaHsd × BC/CpbU) F2-intercross was genetically analyzed. From each F2 animal, liver copper content was determined and genomic DNA was screened with polymorphic DNA markers. We found a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) for liver copper content in females on chromosome 2 and in males on chromosome 10. Both QTLs accounted for approximately 20% of the genetic variance. In addition, suggestive linkage for liver copper content was found on rat chromosomes 1, 8, 10, 12, 14, and 19. The regions on these chromosomes contain genes that are responsible for 9.0–15.5% of the genetic variance of liver copper content.

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Retention by sheep of copper from aerobic digests of pig faecal slurry

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600053363 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 85 (1) ◽

pp. 11-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

A. C. Dalgarno ◽

C. F. Mills

Keyword(s):

Copper Content ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Hepatic Copper ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Plasma Copper ◽

Rate Of Recovery ◽

Cupric Sulphate ◽

The Mean ◽

Maximum Content

SUMMARYDried grass originating from a farm on which herbage had been repeatedly dressed with faecal slurry from pigs given diets containing 250 mg copper/kg had a very variable, but frequently high content of copper. A maximum content of 70 mg Cu/kg dry matter was found. The mean copper content of growing herbage sampled subsequent to this finding was 10·5 mg/kg, while residues of slurry on the soil surface contained 805 mg Cu/kg.In an experiment involving three groups of eight sheep the utilization and hepatic retention of copper from the solid residues of an aerobic digest of high-copper faecal slurry from pigs was investigated. When these residues constituted 1 or 2% of the dietary dry-matter intake of copper-deficient sheep, rapid increases in plasma copper content, in plasma ferroxidase I activity and in hepatic copper content occurred. Thus copper from this source was readily utilized and retained.The utilization of copper added to the diet as cupric sulphate was compared with that of copper from dried slurry solids in an experiment with two groups of four sheep. Although the rate of recovery of plasma copper and ferroxidase I activity tended to be slower in sheep given slurry solids this difference was not statistically significant. A significantly slower rate of increase in hepatic copper content resulted from the ingestion of slurry solids.The significance of these findings is discussed with particular respect to the inadvertent ingestion of residues from the soil surface of pastures dressed with slurry and from the variable inclusion of such residues in herbage uplifted during forage harvesting.

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Effects of dietary copper supplementation of rats on the occurrence of metallothionein-I in liver and its secretion into blood, bile and urine

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj2350735 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 235 (3) ◽

pp. 735-739 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

I Bremner ◽

R K Mehra ◽

J N Morrison ◽

A M Wood

Keyword(s):

Copper Content ◽

Degradation Products ◽

Dietary Copper ◽

Hepatic Copper ◽

Liver Copper ◽

Copper Supplementation

The appearance and excretion of metallothionein-I (MT-I) was studied in rats given a diet containing 1000 mg of Cu/kg for several weeks. No significant increase in MT-I concentrations in liver, plasma or bile was detected in rats with liver copper concentrations less than 600 micrograms of Cu/g fresh wt. Above this concentration, liver MT-I concentrations increased in proportion to the increase in hepatic copper content. Plasma and bile MT-I concentrations were directly related to those in the liver and were about 10 times those in normal rats. Urinary MT-I concentration also increased 10-fold within 1 week. Fractionation of bile and urine on Sephadex G-50 revealed the presence of monomeric MT-I and a range of possible degradation products of the isoprotein.

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