scholarly journals Potential Fertilization Capacity of Two Grapevine Varieties: Effects on Agricultural Production in Designation of Origin Areas in the Northwestern Iberian Peninsula

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 961
Author(s):  
J. Antonio Cortiñas Rodríguez ◽  
María Fernández-González ◽  
Estefanía González-Fernández ◽  
Rosa A. Vázquez-Ruiz ◽  
F. Javier Rodríguez-Rajo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Airborne Pollen ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Fertilization Capacity

In the present study, we analyzed the main parameters related with the potential fertilization ability of two grapevine varieties, Godello and Mencía, during the years 2017 and 2018. The research was carried out in two vineyards of the Galician winegrowing Designation of Origin areas of Ribeiro and Ribeira Sacra. Ten vines of each variety were selected for bunch and flower counting, pollen calculations, pollen viability studies by means of aceto-carmine (AC) stain and 2, 3, 5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) methods, and the determination of their germination rate. In all vineyards the 50% fruitset was reached, except for Godello in Cenlle during 2017. The mean coulure value was higher for Godello (40.5%) than for Mencía (31%). Analyzing the pollen production per plant and airborne pollen levels, we observed important discordances between them, which can be due to the influence of weather conditions and be related with self-pollination processes. We found important differences on pollen viability depending on the applied method and variety, with higher values for the AC method than the TTC for both varieties in all study plots, and higher values for Mencía variety than Godello. Regarding germination rates, we observed a marked reduction in 2017 with respect to 2018, in all study sites and for both varieties. The analyzed parameters were useful to explain the different productive abilities of Godello and Mencía varieties in the two studied bioclimatic regions of Ribeiro and Ribeira Sacra.

scholarly journals In VitroPollen Viability and Pollen Germination in Cherry Laurel (Prunus laurocerasusL.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melekber Sulusoglu ◽  
Aysun Cavusoglu
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Germinated Pollen ◽  
Cherry Laurel ◽  
Better Than

Pollen quality is important for growers and breeders. This study was carried out to determinein vitropollen viability and pollen germination in seven genotypes of cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasusL.). Two pollen viability tests, TTC (2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride) and IKI (iodine potassium iodide), were used. Pollen traits of genotypes were studied using anin vitromedium containing 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% sucrose to determine the best sucrose concentrations for germination. In the second step, the germinated pollen was counted 1, 4, 6, 10, 12, 24, and 48 hours later until there was no further germination. The viability rates were different according to genotypes and tests used. The IKI and TTC staining tests and pollen germination had low correlation (r2= 0.0614 andr2= 0.0015, resp.). Painted pollen rate was higher and pollen was well-stained with IKI test and pollen viability estimated with TTC staining test was better than that estimated with the IKI staining test. 15% sucrose gave the best germination rates in most of the genotypes. Pollen germination rates were recorded periodically from one hour to 48 hours in 15% sucrose and the results showed that pollen germination rates increased after 6 hours of being placed in culture media.

scholarly journals Evaluation of freezing injury in temperate fruit trees

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 787-794
Author(s):  
Duk Jun Yu ◽  
Hee Jae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Freezing Stress ◽  
Freezing Injury ◽  
Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Visual Evaluation ◽  
Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Cultural Strategies ◽  
Analysis Determination

Abstract Freezing is a major environmental stress limiting the geographical distribution, growth, and productivity of temperate fruit trees. The extent of freezing injury in the trees depends on the rate at which the temperature decreases, the minimum temperature reached, and the duration of the freezing conditions. The ability to tolerate freezing temperatures under natural conditions varies greatly among fruit tree species, cultivars, and tissues. Freezing injury must be precisely evaluated to reliably predict the winter survival and productivity of the trees in specific regions, to screen for tolerant species and cultivars, and to develop cultural strategies that reduce freezing stress. Various methods are used to evaluate freezing injury in temperate fruit trees under field and artificial conditions, including visual evaluation of tissue discoloration, thermal analysis, determination of electrolyte leakage, and triphenyl tetrazolium chloride reduction analysis. In this review, we describe the most frequently used experimental procedures for evaluating freezing injury.

scholarly journals Assessment of Pollen Viability, Germination, and Tube Growth in Eight Tunisian Caprifig (Ficus carica L.) Cultivars

ISRN Agronomy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Badii Gaaliche ◽  
Afifa Majdoub ◽  
Mehdi Trad ◽  
Messaoud Mars
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Tube Length ◽  
Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
North West ◽  
Ttc Test

The evaluation of pollen viability and its germination capacity are two essential criteria for pollinator’s characterization. This study was carried out to evaluate pollen quality of eight caprifigs grown in the center-east and north-west of Tunisia. Two colorimetric tests 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) and acetocarmine were used to estimate pollen viability. Germination rate and pollen tube growth in a culture medium containing 5% sucrose, 5 ppm boric acid (H3BO3) and 1% agar were registered after 24, 48, and 72 hours (H) of incubation. Results showed that the highest pollen viability rate (84%) was obtained by TTC test in caprifig Assafri, followed by Jrani (80.2%), Djebba 2 (77.8%), and Djebba 1 (73.6%). That of other caprifigs did not exceed 50% for the two tests. In all caprifig types, germination rate and pollen tube growth varied according to the incubation period. The highest percentage of germination (72%) and maximum pollen tube length (960 μm) were recorded after 72 H of incubation in caprifigs Assafri and Jrani, respectively. Among the caprifigs studied, four types (Assafri, Jrani, Djebba 1, and Djebba 2) appeared to be suitable pollinators with respect to the criteria investigated.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF POLLEN VIABILITY AND GERMINATION RATIOS IN MERSIN ECOLOGY OF SOME EARLY APRICOT

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 166-169
Author(s):  
Mahmet Yaman ◽  
Sibel Turan
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Viable Pollen ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Early Ripening

Turkey is the leading country in the production of world apricots (Prunus armeniaca). In the country, apricots are usually grown for drying and fresh consumption, and apricots are also used for different purposes. This study was carried out to determine pollen viability and germination status in some foreign apricot varieties grown in Mut district of Mersin province, which has an important place in early ripening apricot production in Turkey. Pollen viability and germination ratios were determined by TTC and 1% agar 10% method in Mogador, Mikado, Pricia, Flopria apricot varieties. In terms of pollen values, the best result in terms of viable pollen is from the Mikado with 77.02% and Mogador varieties with 78.61%, while the Pricia variety with 44.09% in semi-viable pollen provides the most result, while Flopria and Pricia varieties produce the highest values in dead pollen results. In the germination tests, pollen germination rates were medium level in Flopria, Mogador and Mikado varieties the pollen germination rate of the Pricia variety is only 8.96%. The results obtained will be a guide in new orchard establishment and breeding studies.

scholarly journals Determination of Xanthine Oxidase in Milk with Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride

1956 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 522-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.A. Zittle ◽  
E.S. Dellamonica ◽  
J.H. Custer ◽  
R.K. Rudd
Keyword(s):  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Tetrazolium Chloride

scholarly journals Biometric characterization and tetrazolium test in Campomanesia phaea O. Berg. Landrum seeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aparecida Leonir da Silva ◽  
Mariane Jeronimo Forte ◽  
Angelo Pedro Jacomino ◽  
Victor Augusto Forti ◽  
Simone Rodrigues da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Chloride Salt ◽  
Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Seed Length ◽  
Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Content Determination ◽  
Water Contents ◽  
Nutritional Potential ◽  
Tetrazolium Test

ABSTRACT: Campomanesia phaea has commercial interest because its fruits are used in the manufacture of several products, besides its high nutritional potential. Nevertheless, it has low germination potential and there is not much information in the literature. The aim of this study was to perform a biometric characterization and to establish the tetrazolium test for cambuci seeds. Seeds obtained from two collection periods were subjected to biometric evaluations (seed length, thickness, width and mass), water content, determination of the soaking curve and tetrazolium test. The soaking curve was performed with non-scarified seeds and seeds subjected to two scarification methods, mechanical and chemical. The tetrazolium test was performed soaking the seeds in a solution of 2, 3, 5 triphenyl tetrazolium chloride salt at 0.75, 1.00 and 1.50% for 4, 8 and 12 hours. After this period, the seeds were categorized as viable and non-viable. It was concluded that the cambuci seeds presented biometric differences between the two collection periods, because of the different water contents. There was no difference in the soaking curve among the three treatments tested and the solution of 0.75% for four hours in a water bath at 38 oC was considered the best for performing the tetrazolium test.

scholarly journals Determination of BTEX Pollutants in Ambient Air of The Holy City of Makkah

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-101
Author(s):  
M. A. Hassanien M. A. Hassanien
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Sampling Locations ◽  
Benzene Toluene ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hajj Season ◽  
First Time ◽  
Holy City

This study briefly aims to analyze the atmospheric BTEX pollutants (Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, o, m, p-Xylene for the first time in Makkah and Saudi Arabia. It was carried out at three sampling locations (Al-Shebakah, Al-Azizia, and Mina) during Hajj season 1431H. Ambient air was adsorbed on adsorbent tubes and analyzed on GC–MS. The mean concentrations of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and ? xylene in Al-Shebakah were 8.11; 15.85; 9.20 and 8.45, respectively, during day time and 31.44; 37.80; 42.03 and 38.71 µg/m3 during night time, respectively. The measured values in Al-Azizia, were 11.75; 9.42; 18.8 and 33.49 during day time, meanwhile, they were 4.78; 6.67; 8.45; and 18.56 µg/m3, respectively during night time. The third location Mina, the obtained values were 3.16; 8.07; 6.20; and 5.55 during day time and 34.03; 52.39; 35.52; and 64.51 µg/m3 during night time, respectively. The present study indicated that exposure to aromatic VOCs is to large extent influenced by different activities, weather conditions and diurnal variation in Makkah. In conclusion, the high levels of VOCs in the holy city are sufficient to represent a degree of risk to the pilgrims as well as the local populations and a more comprehensive studies all over the year would be required for better quantifying the problem.

scholarly journals Measuring and modelling evapotranspiration in a South African grassland: Comparison of two improved Penman-Monteith formulations

Water SA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (3 July) ◽  
Author(s):  
Onalenna Gwate ◽  
Sukhmani K Mantel ◽  
Anthony R Palmer ◽  
Lesley A Gibson ◽  
Zahn Munch
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Model Predictions ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Atmospheric Changes

Accurately measuring evapotranspiration (ET) is important in the context of global atmospheric changes and for use with climate models. Direct ET measurement is costly to apply widely and local calibration and validation of ET models developed elsewhere improves confidence in ET derived from such models. This study sought to compare the performance of the Penman-Monteith-Leuning (PML) and Penman-Monteith-Palmer (PMP) ET models, over mesic grasslands in two study sites in South Africa. The study used routine meteorological data from a scientific-grade automatic weather station (AWS) to apply the PML and PMP models. The PML model was calibrated at one site and validated in both sites. On the other hand, the PMP model does not require calibration and hence it was validated in both sites. The models were validated using ET derived from a large aperture scintillometer (LAS). The PML model performed well at both sites with root mean square error (RMSE) within 20% of the mean daily observed ET (R2 of 0.83 to 0.91). Routine meteorological data were able to reproduce fluxes calculated using micrometeorological techniques and this increased the confidence in the use of data from sparsely distributed AWSs to derive reasonable ET values. The PML model was better able to simulate observed ET compared to the PMP model, since the former models both transpiration and soil evaporation (ES), while the latter only models transpiration. Hence, the PMP model systematically underestimated ET in a context where the leaf area index (LAI) was < 2.5. Model predictions in the grasslands could be improved by incorporating the ES component in the PMP model while the PML model could be improved by careful choice of the number of days to be used in the determination of the fraction of ES.

Pollen viability of some Populus species as indicated by in vitro pollen germination and tetrazolium chloride staining

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 1086-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Om P. Rajora ◽  
Louis Zsuffa
Keyword(s):  
Seed Set ◽  
Populus Deltoides ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Staining Techniques ◽  
Populus Species

The viability of pollen of Populus deltoides, P. maximowiczii, and P. nigra was assessed by in vitro germination and by use of 0.5% 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining techniques. An agar medium with 10% sucrose resulted in maximum germination of P. deltoides and P. nigra pollen, while the medium with 20% sucrose was a optimal fo P. maximowiczii. Pollen staining in TTC for 1 h at 30 °C gave a good indication of pollen viability as determined by germination and seed set in poplar breeding programs. Significant differences in viability were observed among species, but not among clones and replications.

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