scholarly journals AI-Powered Mobile Image Acquisition of Vineyard Insect Traps with Automatic Quality and Adequacy Assessment

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 731
Author(s):  
Pedro Faria ◽  
Telmo Nogueira ◽  
Ana Ferreira ◽  
Cristina Carlos ◽  
Luís Rosado
Keyword(s):  
Image Acquisition ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Image Capture ◽  
Pest Outbreaks ◽  
Pest Detection ◽  
Human Operators ◽  
Adequacy Assessment ◽  
Focus Detection ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

The increasing alarming impacts of climate change are already apparent in viticulture, with unexpected pest outbreaks as one of the most concerning consequences. The monitoring of pests is currently done by deploying chromotropic and delta traps, which attracts insects present in the production environment, and then allows human operators to identify and count them. While the monitoring of these traps is still mostly done through visual inspection by the winegrowers, smartphone image acquisition of those traps is starting to play a key role in assessing the pests’ evolution, as well as enabling the remote monitoring by taxonomy specialists in better assessing the onset outbreaks. This paper presents a new methodology that embeds artificial intelligence into mobile devices to establish the use of hand-held image capture of insect traps for pest detection deployed in vineyards. Our methodology combines different computer vision approaches that improve several aspects of image capture quality and adequacy, namely: (i) image focus validation; (ii) shadows and reflections validation; (iii) trap type detection; (iv) trap segmentation; and (v) perspective correction. A total of 516 images were collected, divided into three different datasets and manually annotated, in order to support the development and validation of the different functionalities. By following this approach, we achieved an accuracy of 84% for focus detection, an accuracy of 80% and 96% for shadows/reflections detection (for delta and chromotropic traps, respectively), as well as mean Jaccard index of 97% for the trap’s segmentation.

scholarly journals Long-term in toto cell tracking using lightsheet microscopy of the zebrafish tailbud

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Timothy Fulton ◽  
Martin O. Lenz ◽  
Leila Muresan ◽  
Toby Andrews ◽  
Courtney Lancaster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Resolution ◽  
Cell Tracking ◽  
Image Acquisition ◽  
Light Sheet ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Image Capture ◽  
Acquisition Period ◽  
Global Movement ◽  
Microscope Stage

In toto light-sheet imaging allows the tracking of entire growing tissues with high spatial and temporal resolution for many hours. However, this technology requires a sample to be immobilised to ensure that the tissue of interest remains within the field of view throughout the image acquisition period. We have developed a method of mounting and image capture for long-term light-sheet imaging of a growing zebrafish tailbud from the 18 somite stage through to the end of somitogenesis. By tracking the global movement of the tailbud during image acquisition and feeding this back to the microscope stage, we are able to ensure that the growing tissue remains within the field of view throughout image acquisition. Here, we present three representative datasets of embryos in which all nuclei are labelled and tracked until the completion of somitogenesis.

scholarly journals Long-term in toto cell tracking using lightsheet microscopy of the zebrafish tailbud

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Timothy Fulton ◽  
Martin O. Lenz ◽  
Leila Muresan ◽  
Courtney Lancaster ◽  
Elizabeth Horton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Resolution ◽  
Cell Tracking ◽  
Image Acquisition ◽  
Light Sheet ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Image Capture ◽  
Acquisition Period ◽  
Global Movement ◽  
Microscope Stage

In toto light-sheet imaging allows the tracking of entire growing tissues with high spatial and temporal resolution for many hours. However, this technology requires a sample to be immobilised to ensure that the tissue of interest remains within the field of view throughout the image acquisition period. We have developed a method of mounting and image capture for long-term light-sheet imaging of a growing zebrafish tailbud from the 18 somite stage through to the end of somitogenesis. By tracking the global movement of the tailbud during image acquisition and feeding this back to the microscope stage, we are able to ensure that the growing tissue remains within the field of view throughout image acquisition. Here, we present three representative datasets of embryos in which all nuclei are labelled and tracked until the completion of somitogenesis.

Possible Impacts of Climate Change on Wind Gusts under Downscaled Future Climate Conditions: Updated for Canada

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 1255-1270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad Shouquan Cheng ◽  
Edwina Lopes ◽  
Chao Fu ◽  
Zhiyong Huang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Wind Gust ◽  
Special Report ◽  
Future Projection ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Extreme Wind ◽  
Emissions Scenarios ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Abstract The methods used in earlier research focusing on the province of Ontario, Canada, were adapted for the current paper to expand the study area over the entire nation of Canada where various industries (e.g., transportation, agriculture, energy, and commerce) and infrastructure are at risk of being impacted by extreme wind gust events. The possible impacts of climate change on future wind gust events across Canada were assessed using a three-step process: 1) development and validation of hourly and daily wind gust simulation models, 2) statistical downscaling to derive future station-scale hourly wind speed data, and 3) projection of changes in the frequency of future wind gust events. The wind gust simulation models could capture the historically observed daily and hourly wind gust events. For example, the percentage of excellent and good validations for hourly wind gust events ≥90 km h−1 ranges from 62% to 85% across Canada; the corresponding percentage for wind gust events ≥40 km h−1 is about 90%. For future projection, the modeled results indicated that the frequencies of the wind gust events could increase late this century over Canada using the ensemble of the downscaled eight-GCM simulations [Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) A2 and B1]. For example, the percentage increases in future daily wind gust events ≥70 km h−1 from the current condition could be 10%–20% in most of the regions across Canada; the corresponding increases in future hourly wind gust events ≥70 km h−1 are projected to be 20%–30%. In addition, the inter-GCM and interscenario uncertainties of future wind gust projections were quantitatively assessed.

scholarly journals Autonomous Loading System for Load-Haul-Dump (LHD) Machines Used in Underground Mining

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 8718
Author(s):  
Carlos Tampier ◽  
Mauricio Mascaró ◽  
Javier Ruiz-del-Solar
Keyword(s):  
Underground Mining ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Rock Pile ◽  
The North ◽  
Loading System ◽  
Real Size ◽  
Human Operators ◽  
Two Stages

This paper describes an autonomous loading system for load-haul-dump (LHD) machines used in underground mining. The loading of fragmented rocks from draw points is a complex task due to many factors including: bucket-rock interaction forces that are difficult to model, humidity that increases cohesion forces, and the possible presence of boulders. The proposed system is designed to integrate all the relevant tasks required for ore loading: rock pile identification, LHD positioning in front of the ore pile, charging and excavating into the ore pile, pull back and payload weighing. The system follows the shared autonomy paradigm: given that the loading process may not be completed autonomously in some cases, it takes into account that the machine/agent can detect this situation and ask a human operator for assistance. The most novel component of the proposed autonomous loading system is the excavation algorithm, and the disclosure of the results obtained from its application in a real underground production environment. The excavation method is based on the way that human operators excavate: while excavating, the bucket is tilted intermittently in order to penetrate the material, and the boom of the LHD is lifted on demand to prevent or correct wheel skidding. Wheel skidding is detected with a patented method that uses LIDAR-based odometry and internal measurements of the LHD. While a complete loading system was designed, the validation had to be divided in two stages. One stage included the rock pile identification and positioning, and the other included the charging, excavation, pull back, and weighting processes. The stage concerning the excavation algorithm was validated using full-scale experiments with a real-size LHD in an underground copper mine in the north of Chile, while the stage concerning the rock pile identification was later validated using real data. The tests showed that the excavation algorithm is able to load the material with an average of 90% bucket fill factor using between three and four attempts (professional human operators required between two and three loading attempts in this mine).

scholarly journals MOTORIZED PANORAMIC CAMERA MOUNT – CALIBRATION AND IMAGE CAPTURE

2016 ◽  
Vol III-5 ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
H. Kauhanen ◽  
P. Rönnholm ◽  
V. V. Lehtola
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Image Acquisition ◽  
Calibration Method ◽  
Image Capture ◽  
Camera Systems ◽  
Panoramic Imaging ◽  
Panoramic Images ◽  
Camera Position ◽  
Position Calibration

interesting applications. Among the large variation of panoramic camera systems, we have focused on concentric panoramic imaging with a frame camera. In order to establish the concentric image acquisition, the camera mount must be calibrated so that the projection centre of the camera is located at the rotation centre of the mount. For this purpose, we developed a novel mount calibration method, which allows an accurate recovery of the rotation centre in two image acquisition steps. In addition, we have built a motorized camera mount that can self-calibrate the camera position within the mount, given the previously solved rotation centre, and then be used to automatically capture panoramic images. Hence, we have streamlined the previously laborious manual phase of iterative position calibration, but also automated the capturing of panoramic images. For validation purposes, reference results from a conventional manual mount are provided. In the case of non-motorized mount, the average distance between the projection centre of the camera and the rotation centre of the mount was 0.253 mm and the standard deviation was 0.161 mm. For the motorized mount, the corresponding average distance and standard deviation were 0.549 mm and 0.404 mm, respectively.

Development and validation of two new image receptor-holding devices for overlapping reduction of proximal surfaces in bitewing radiography: a preclinical study

2021 ◽  
pp. 20200449
Author(s):  
Deivi Cascante-Sequeira ◽  
Hugo Gaêta-Araujo ◽  
Leonardo Vieira Peroni ◽  
Christiano Oliveira-Santos ◽  
Francisco Haiter-Neto
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Image Acquisition ◽  
Preclinical Study ◽  
Oral Radiology ◽  
Perfect Agreement ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Bitewing Radiography ◽  
Efficient Performance ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Development And Validation

Objective: To create and validate two new Image Receptor-Holding devices (IRHDs) to reduce proximal surfaces overlapping in bitewing radiography in comparison to a regular well-established and commercially available IRHD. Methods: Two IRHDs for bitewing radiographs with a wedge on the biting surface were designed and 3D-printed. These IRHDs, with a large wedge (Pr-Lw) and small wedge (Pr-Sw), were compared with a regular commercially available IRHD (Rinn XCP®) during image acquisition of bitewing radiographs of four posterior regions (one upper region and three lower regions) in two dry skulls and mandibles. A total of 156 interproximal regions on bitewing radiographs were radiographed by 13 oral radiology graduate students and independently assessed by two oral radiologists (10 years of experience). IRHDs were compared by Cochran’s Q test regarding the number of overlapped proximal surfaces in the acquired radiographs with a significance level of 5%. Results: The observers were in perfect agreement (κ = 1.0) to classify the proximal surfaces overlapping. The Pr-Lw IRHD presented the lowest number of surfaces overlapping (19.2%) followed by the Pr-Sw IRHD (48.1%) and the XCP®IRHD with the highest surfaces overlapping (71.2%). The Pr-Lw IRHD surfaces overlapping was statistically different from the XCP IRHD (p < 0.001), and the Pr-Sw IRHD (p = 0.014). Conclusions: The Pr-Lw IRHD demonstrated the most efficient performance in overlapping surfaces reduction, compared with the Pr-Sw IRHD and the XCP® IRHD in adult dry skulls and mandibles.

scholarly journals MOTORIZED PANORAMIC CAMERA MOUNT – CALIBRATION AND IMAGE CAPTURE

2016 ◽  
Vol III-5 ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kauhanen ◽  
P. Rönnholm ◽  
V. V. Lehtola
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Image Acquisition ◽  
Calibration Method ◽  
Image Capture ◽  
Camera Systems ◽  
Panoramic Imaging ◽  
Panoramic Images ◽  
Camera Position ◽  
Position Calibration

interesting applications. Among the large variation of panoramic camera systems, we have focused on concentric panoramic imaging with a frame camera. In order to establish the concentric image acquisition, the camera mount must be calibrated so that the projection centre of the camera is located at the rotation centre of the mount. For this purpose, we developed a novel mount calibration method, which allows an accurate recovery of the rotation centre in two image acquisition steps. In addition, we have built a motorized camera mount that can self-calibrate the camera position within the mount, given the previously solved rotation centre, and then be used to automatically capture panoramic images. Hence, we have streamlined the previously laborious manual phase of iterative position calibration, but also automated the capturing of panoramic images. For validation purposes, reference results from a conventional manual mount are provided. In the case of non-motorized mount, the average distance between the projection centre of the camera and the rotation centre of the mount was 0.253 mm and the standard deviation was 0.161 mm. For the motorized mount, the corresponding average distance and standard deviation were 0.549 mm and 0.404 mm, respectively.

The Realization of the Key Technology in Image Capture Based on the Three-Dimensional Grating Surface Measuring Apparatus

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 428-432
Author(s):  
Xue Dong Xie ◽  
Jun Ting Cheng ◽  
Wei Ling Zhao ◽  
Sheng Bing Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Image Acquisition ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Measuring Apparatus ◽  
Image Capture ◽  
Industrial Inspection ◽  
Hardware Configuration ◽  
Image Acquisition System ◽  
Dimensional Shape ◽  
Development Methods ◽  
Three Dimensional Shape

With the development of the computer vision and information on optics, three-dimensional grating surface measuring apparatus has been increasingly widely used, which is mainly used in industrial inspection, quality control, reverse engineering, virtual reality, cultural reproduction and other areas. It has high precision, fast, non-contact advantages. And the image acquisition system is one of the core and first part of three-dimensional grating surface measuring apparatus, which determines measuring accuracy in the three-dimensional shape. This paper mainly introduces image acquisition system's hardware configuration and software development methods in the apparatus, and finally gives the experimental results.

Design of a Hand-Shape Image Acquisition System Based on DM642

2013 ◽  
Vol 774-776 ◽  
pp. 1621-1624
Author(s):  
Wen Wen Li ◽  
Fu Liu ◽  
Lei Gao
Keyword(s):  
Image Acquisition ◽  
Shape Recognition ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Video Signal ◽  
Acquisition System ◽  
Accuracy Rate ◽  
Image Capture ◽  
Hand Shape ◽  
Final Output ◽  
Image Acquisition System

A hand-shape image acquisition system based on DSP was designed for solving the problem of hand-shape recognition. Acquisition configuration was designed, and the key parts (encoder, decoder, memory chip etc.) were selected. Finally, development of image capture driver was put forward. The imaging information were transferred into analog video signal by CCD camera, and analog video signal decoded was transferred to video port of DSP, after that one frame processed image was transferred to display after being encoded. Consequently, the final output image can be observed in displayer. System performance was evaluated by classification accuracy rate and real-time of recognition, and the results shows that the method proposed is reliable and effective.

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