scholarly journals Habitat Selection and Activity Patterns of Japanese Serows and Sika Deer with Currently Sympatric Distributions

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3398
Author(s):  
Yoshikazu Seki ◽  
Shin-ichi Hayama
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Sika Deer ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Capture Rate ◽  
Cervus Nippon ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Distribution Range ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
Japanese Serow ◽  
Species Specific

The Japanese serow (Capricornis crispus) and sika deer (Cervus nippon) in Japan are usually allopatric. However, a recent expansion in the distribution range of sika deer, combined with an increase in abundance, has resulted in an overlap of the distribution ranges of the two species. We examined the habitat selection and activity patterns of Japanese serows and sika deer using camera traps placed at 83 sites within a 210 km2 study area, where the distribution range of these two species has recently overlapped. Although both species were photographed throughout the study area, we observed a low spatial overlap between them. The Japanese serows selected steep slopes, and the sika deer selected areas far away from human settlements. In addition, the Japanese serows and sika deer exhibited temporal partitioning with diurnal and crepuscular activity patterns, respectively. The observed partitioning could be explained by differences in their species-specific habitat selections, rather than competition, because the photographic capture rate of the Japanese serows was not affected by that of the sika deer and vice versa. These partitioning behaviors are likely to reduce the rate of encounters between the two ungulates, which enables their coexistence considering the sika deer density remains low.

Seasonal habitat selection of an expanding sika deer Cervus nippon population in eastern Hokkaido, Japan

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayumi Sakuragi ◽  
Hiromasa Igota ◽  
Hiroyuki Uno ◽  
Koichi Kaji ◽  
Masami Kaneko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Sika Deer ◽  
Cervus Nippon ◽  
Selection Of

Dietary Overlap But Spatial Gap between Sympatric Japanese Serow (Capricornis crispus) and Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) on Eastern Shikoku, Japan

Mammal Study ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Asuka Yamashiro ◽  
Yoshinori Kaneshiro ◽  
Yoichi Kawaguchi ◽  
Tadashi Yamashiro
Keyword(s):  
Sika Deer ◽  
Cervus Nippon ◽  
Dietary Overlap ◽  
Japanese Serow

Habitat use and the coexistence of the sika deer and the Japanese serow, sympatric ungulates from Mt. Asama, central Japan

Mammalia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 503-511
Author(s):  
Hayato Takada ◽  
Riki Ohuchi ◽  
Haruko Watanabe ◽  
Risako Yano ◽  
Risako Miyaoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Sika Deer ◽  
Cervus Nippon ◽  
Niche Differentiation ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Dwarf Bamboo ◽  
Central Japan ◽  
Habitat Mosaic ◽  
The Japanese Archipelago ◽  
Japanese Serow

AbstractDifferential resource use allows for diverse species to specialize in ecological niches and thus coexist in a particular area. In the Japanese archipelago, increasing sika deer (Cervus nippon, Temminck 1836) densities have excluded the Japanese serow (Capricornis crispus, Temminck 1836), but in places where deer population densities are low, the two species coexist. We wanted to better understand their habitats and how these two ungulates manage to coexist. We evaluated the role of habitat use in the coexistence of these two sympatric ungulates on Mt. Asama, central Japan. Deer frequently used the dwarf bamboo-rich communities in autumn and winter, and their habitat use was not associated with topography. Serows frequently used deciduous broadleaf shrub-rich communities and steep slopes throughout the year. Consequently, their habitat use was significantly different in terms of vegetation and topography. Niche breadth suggests that deer tend to be generalists, whereas serows tend to be specialists. Niche differentiation in habitat use between deer and serows may make the coexistence of these similarly sized ungulates possible in Japanese mountainous zones. Therefore, the fine-grained habitat mosaic of different vegetation and topography areas might be the underlying feature that allows the coexistence of these two species.

How to snap your cat: optimum lures and their placement for attracting mammalian predators in arid Australia

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Read ◽  
A. J. Bengsen ◽  
P. D. Meek ◽  
K. E. Moseby
Keyword(s):  
Arid Zone ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Capture Rate ◽  
Camera Trap ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Feral Cats ◽  
Behavioural Responses ◽  
Visitation Rates ◽  
And Control

Context Automatically activated cameras (camera traps) and automated poison-delivery devices are increasingly being used to monitor and manage predators such as felids and canids. Maximising visitation rates to sentry positions enhances the efficacy of feral-predator management, especially for feral cats, which are typically less attracted to food-based lures than canids. Aims The influence of camera-trap placement and lures were investigated to determine optimal monitoring and control strategies for feral cats and other predators in two regions of semi-arid South Australia. Methods We compared autumn and winter capture rates, activity patterns and behaviours of cats, foxes and dingoes at different landscape elements and with different lures in three independent 6 km × 3 km grids of 18 camera-trap sites. Key results Neither visual, olfactory or audio lures increased recorded visitation rates by any predators, although an audio and a scent-based lure both elicited behavioural responses in predators. Cameras set on roads yielded an eight times greater capture rate for dingoes than did off-road cameras. Roads and resource points also yielded highest captures of cats and foxes. All predators were less nocturnal in winter than in autumn and fox detections at the Immarna site peaked in months when dingo and cat activity were lowest. Conclusions Monitoring and management programs for cats and other predators in arid Australia should focus on roads and resource points where predator activity is highest. Olfactory and auditory lures can elicit behavioural responses that render cats more susceptible to passive monitoring and control techniques. Dingo activity appeared to be inversely related to fox but not cat activity during our monitoring period. Implications Optimised management of feral cats in the Australian arid zone would benefit from site- and season-specific lure trials.

scholarly journals Diel and seasonal activity pattern of alien sika deer with sympatric mammalian species from Muljangori-oreum wetland of Hallasan National Park, South Korean

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maniram Banjade ◽  
Sang-Hyun Han ◽  
Young-Hun Jeong ◽  
Hong-Shik Oh
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Daily Activity ◽  
National Park ◽  
Sika Deer ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Cervus Nippon ◽  
Seasonal Activity ◽  
Degree Of Overlap

Abstract Background Sika deer, Cervus nippon, were originally introduced to South Korea from Japan and Taiwan for commercial farming purposes. Unfortunately, they were released into the wild during religious events and have since begun to impact the native ecosystem and species endemic to South Korea. The study of activity patterns can improve our understanding of the environmental impact of non-native species and their association with sympatric species. Using camera traps, we studied the diel and seasonal activity patterns of non-native sika deer and quantified the temporal overlap with sympatric mammalian species in the Muljangori-oreum wetlands of Hallasan National Park, South Korea. Results A total of 970 trap events were recorded for five mammalian species from nine locations during the camera-trap survey. Siberian roe deer (Capreoluspygargus tianschanicus) had the highest number of recorded events (72.0%), followed by sika deer (Cervus nippon) (16.2%), wild boar (Sus scrofa) (5.0%), Asian badger (Meles leucurus) (4.5%), and the Jeju weasel (Mustela sibirica quelpartis) (2.0%). Sika deer had bimodal activity patterns throughout the year, with peaks throughout the spring-autumn twilight, and day and night time throughout the winter. Relating the daily activity of sika deer with other mammalian species, roe deer expressed the highest degree of overlap (∆4 = 0.80) while the Asian badger demonstrated the lowest overlap (∆4 = 0.37). Conclusions Our data show that sika deer are a crepuscular species with seasonal variations in daily activity patterns. Additionally, we identified the temporal differences in activity peaks between different mammals in the Muljangori-oreum wetlands and found higher degree of overlap between sika deer and roe deer during twilight hours.

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