scholarly journals Detection of Gadolinium in Surrogate Nuclear Fuel Debris Using Fiber-Optic Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy under Gamma Irradiation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 8985
Author(s):  
Ryuzo Nakanishi ◽  
Morihisa Saeki ◽  
Ikuo Wakaida ◽  
Hironori Ohba
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Nuclear Fuel ◽  
Mixed Oxide ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
Emission Lines ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

Fiber-optic laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (FO-LIBS) was applied to a qualitative and quantitative analysis of gadolinium (Gd) in mixed oxide samples, simulating nuclear fuel debris in the damaged reactors of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station. The surrogate debris was prepared from mixed oxide materials containing Gd2O3, with varying Gd concentrations. The emission spectra of the surrogate debris show that the optical emission lines at 501.5 nm and 510.3 nm are suitable for Gd detection in the nuclear fuel debris. LIBS measurements were further performed under gamma irradiation (0–10 kGy/h), resulting in a decrease in spectral intensities due to radiation-induced damage to the optical fiber. For quantification of Gd, robust calibration curves against gamma irradiation were established from the intensity ratio of Gd (501.5 nm)/Ce (474.5 nm) emission lines, yielding the limits of detection for Gd in the range of 0.03–0.08 wt%. These results demonstrate that FO-LIBS is a potential tool for in situ and remote analysis of nuclear fuel debris.

scholarly journals High sensitivity hydrogen analysis in zircaloy-4 using helium-assisted excitation laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marincan Pardede ◽  
Indra Karnadi ◽  
Rinda Hedwig ◽  
Ivan Tanra ◽  
Javed Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Excited State ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
Target Material ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
Excitation Laser

AbstractHigh-sensitivity detection of hydrogen (H) contained in zircaloy-4, a commonly used material for nuclear fuel containers, is crucial in a nuclear power plant. Currently, H detection is performed via gas chromatography, which is an offline and destructive method. In this study, we developed a technique based on metastable excited-state He-assisted excitation to achieve excellent quality of H emission spectra in double-pulse orthogonal laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The production of metastable excited-state He atoms is optimized by using LiF as sub-target material. The results show a narrow full-width-at-half-maximum of 0.5 Å for the H I 656.2 nm emission line, with a detection limit as low as 0.51 mg/kg. Thus, using this novel online method, H in zircaloy-4 can be detected efficiently, even at very low concentrations.

Characterization of Amethysts from Sukamara, Central Kalimantan, Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Komang Gde Suastika, Heri Suyanto, Gunarjo, Sadiana, Darmaji
Keyword(s):  
Emission Intensity ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Formula ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

Abstract - Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) is one method of atomic emission spectroscopy using laser ablation as an energy source. This method is used to characterize the type of amethysts that originally come from Sukamara, Central Kalimantan. The result of amethyst characterization can be used as a reference for claiming the natural wealth of the amethyst. The amethyst samples are directly taken from the amethyst mining field in the District Gem Amethyst and consist of four color variations: white, black, yellow, and purple. These samples were analyzed by LIBS, using laser energy of 120 mJ, delay time detection of 2 μs and accumulation of 3, with and without cleaning. The purpose of this study is to determine emission spectra characteristics, contained elements, and physical characteristics of each amethyst sample. The spectra show that the amethyst samples contain some elements such as Al, Ca, K, Fe, Gd, Ba, Si, Be, H, O, N, Cl and Pu with various emission intensities. The value of emission intensity corresponds to concentration of element in the sample. Hence, the characteristics of the amethysts are based on their concentration value. The element with the highest concentration in all samples is Si, which is related to the chemical formula of SiO2. The element with the lowest concentration in all samples is Ca that is found in black and yellow amethysts. The emission intensity of Fe element can distinguish between white, purple, and yellow amethyst. If Fe emission intensity is very low, it indicates yellow sample. Thus, we may conclude that LIBS is a method that can be used to characterize the amethyst samples.Key words: amethyst, impurity, laser-induced, breakdown spectroscopy, characteristic, gemstones

The influence of target surface position on plasma characteristics in dual-pulse fiber-optic laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhua Hang ◽  
Fei Xue ◽  
Tao Liu ◽  
Bin Zhu ◽  
Kaixing Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Target Surface ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
Plasma Characteristics

scholarly journals Quantitative Analysis of Cerium-Gallium Alloys Using a Hand-Held Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Device

Atoms ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwin P. Rao ◽  
Matthew T. Cook ◽  
Howard L. Hall ◽  
Michael B. Shattan
Keyword(s):  
Emission Line ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Emission Lines ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Emission Data ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

A hand-held laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy device was used to acquire spectral emission data from laser-induced plasmas created on the surface of cerium-gallium alloy samples with Ga concentrations ranging from 0–3 weight percent. Ionic and neutral emission lines of the two constituent elements were then extracted and used to generate calibration curves relating the emission line intensity ratios to the gallium concentration of the alloy. The Ga I 287.4-nm emission line was determined to be superior for the purposes of Ga detection and concentration determination. A limit of detection below 0.25% was achieved using a multivariate regression model of the Ga I 287.4-nm line ratio versus two separate Ce II emission lines. This LOD is considered a conservative estimation of the technique’s capability given the type of the calibration samples available and the low power (5 mJ per 1-ns pulse) and resolving power ( λ / Δ λ = 4000) of this hand-held device. Nonetheless, the utility of the technique is demonstrated via a detailed mapping analysis of the surface Ga distribution of a Ce-Ga sample, which reveals significant heterogeneity resulting from the sample production process.

scholarly journals Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and Principal Component Analysis for the Classification of Spectra from Gold-Bearing Ores

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Diaz ◽  
Alejandro Molina ◽  
David W. Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Emission Lines ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and principal component analysis (PCA) were applied to the classification of LIBS spectra from gold ores prepared as pressed pellets from pulverized bulk samples. For each sample, 5000 single-shot LIBS spectra were obtained. Although the gold concentrations in the samples were as high as 7.7 µg/g, Au emission lines were not observed in most single-shot LIBS spectra, rendering the application of the usual ensemble-averaging approach for spectral processing to be infeasible. Instead, a PCA approach was utilized to analyze the collection of single-shot LIBS spectra. Two spectral ranges of 21 nm and 0.15 nm wide were considered, and LIBS variables (i.e., wavelengths) reduced to no more than three principal components. Single-shot spectra containing Au emission lines (positive spectra) were discriminated by PCA from those without the spectral feature (negative spectra) in a spectral range of less than 1 nm wide around the Au(I) 267.59 nm emission line. Assuming a discrete gold distribution at very low concentration, LIBS sampling of gold particles seemed unlikely; therefore, positive spectra were considered as data outliers. Detection of data outliers was possible using two PCA statistical parameters, i.e., sample residual and Mahalanobis distance. Results from such a classification were compared with a standard database created with positive spectra identified with a filtering algorithm that rejected spectra with an Au intensity below the smallest detectable analytical LIBS signal (i.e., below the LIBS limit of detection). The PCA approach successfully identified 100% of the data outliers when compared with the standard database. False identifications in the multivariate approach were attributed to variations in shot-to-shot intensity and the presence of interfering emission lines.

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