scholarly journals High-Grade B-Cell Lymphoma Not Otherwise Specified (HGBL, NOS) in the Maxillary Sinus Mimicking Periapical Inflammation: Case Report and Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 8803
Author(s):  
Andrea Brody ◽  
Csaba Dobo-Nagy ◽  
Karoly Mensch ◽  
Zsuzsanna Oltyan ◽  
Judit Csomor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
High Grade ◽  
B Cell Lymphomas ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified ◽  
Systemic Spread ◽  
Periapical Inflammation

High-grade B-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified is listed as a new group in the WHO 2017 statement as a subtype of aggressive, mature B-cell lymphomas with a poor prognosis. To our knowledge, no description of this genetic type of maxillary lymphoma has appeared in the literature until now; thus, our case provides valuable data on its symptoms, clinical behavior, response to treatment and survival rate. The present report describes the early diagnosis and treatment of an extremely rare histological subtype of B-cell lymphoma, a case of high-grade B-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified, localized in the maxillary sinus and mimicking signs and symptoms of periapical inflammation. After chemotherapy, the presented patient showed complete remission without relapse and systemic spread. As far as we know, this is the first reported case of this rare type of lymphoma associated with the maxillary sinus. Considering that high-grade B-cell lymphomas are aggressive tumors with rapid growth and poor prognosis, which are often misdiagnosed in the early stages as inflammatory disease, it is relevant to highlight the importance of a detailed evaluation of clinical signs and radiological findings during diagnosis, especially if they contradict each other.

TNF-α Receptor 1 Expression Predicts Poor Prognosis of Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 1138-1146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoko Nakayama ◽  
Taiji Yokote ◽  
Motomu Tsuji ◽  
Toshikazu Akioka ◽  
Takuji Miyoshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified ◽  
Large B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Large B Cell

Lymphocytic infiltrations of the lung

2020 ◽  
pp. 4241-4244
Author(s):  
S. J. Bourke
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Interstitial Pneumonia ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Connective Tissue Diseases ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade

Lymphocytic infiltrations of the lung arise from the proliferation of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue, resulting in a spectrum of rare conditions ranging from benign polyclonal lymphoid interstitial pneumonia to monoclonal primary malignant lymphomas of the lung. Lymphoid interstitial pneumonia is most commonly seen in Sjögren’s syndrome or other connective tissue diseases, and in association with HIV infection, and is characterized by reticulonodular shadowing on CT imaging and (usually) a good response to corticosteroids. Primary pulmonary lymphomas fall into three categories: lymphomatoid granulomatosis, low-grade B-cell lymphoma, and high-grade B-cell lymphoma. The latter require treatment with cytotoxic drugs and have a poor prognosis.

Intraocular Lymphoma: Diagnostic Approach and Immunophenotypic Findings in Vitrectomy Specimens

2009 ◽  
Vol 133 (8) ◽  
pp. 1233-1237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirtee Raparia ◽  
Chung-Che(Jeff) Chang ◽  
Patricia Chévez-Barrios
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Who Classification ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Intraocular Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphomas ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified ◽  
Large B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Large B Cell

AbstractContext.—Diagnosis and classification of primary intraocular lymphoma can be challenging because of the sparse cellularity of the vitreous specimens.Objective.—To classify and clinically correlate intraocular lymphoma according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification by using vitrectomy specimens.Design.—Clinical history, cytologic preparations, flow cytometry reports, and outcome of 16 patients diagnosed with intraocular lymphoma were reviewed.Results.—The study group included 10 women and 6 men. The mean age of the patients was 63 years (range, 19–79 years). Eleven patients had central nervous system involvement and 6 patients had systemic involvement. All cases were adequately diagnosed and classified according to the WHO classification by using combination of cytologic preparations and 4-color flow cytometry with a limited panel of antibodies to CD19, CD20, CD5, CD10, and κ and λ light chains. The cases included 9 primary diffuse large B-cell lymphomas of the CNS type; 2 diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, not otherwise specified; 1 extranodal, low-grade, marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT); 1 precursor B-lymphoblastic lymphoma; and 3 peripheral T-cell lymphomas, not otherwise specified. Of note, all 11 cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma were CD10−. All the patients received systemic chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Only 4 patients were free of disease at last follow-up (range, 18 months to 8 years), with severe visual loss.Conclusions.—Intraocular lymphoma cases can be adequately classified according to the WHO classification. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, CD10− and most likely of non–germinal center B-cell–like subgroup, is the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in this site, in contrast to ocular adnexal lymphoma for which MALT lymphoma is the most common subtype.

High-grade B cell lymphoma, unclassifiable, with blastoid features: an unusual morphological subgroup associated frequently withBCL2and/orMYCgene rearrangements and a poor prognosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 945-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashmi Kanagal-Shamanna ◽  
L Jeffrey Medeiros ◽  
Gary Lu ◽  
Sa A Wang ◽  
John T Manning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
High Grade

scholarly journals Infiltration of Effector Regulatory T Cells Is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified

Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (23) ◽  
pp. 3884-3884
Author(s):  
Nakayama Shoko ◽  
Tsuji Motomu ◽  
Yokote Taiji ◽  
Akioka Toshikazu ◽  
Miyoshi Takuji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified ◽  
Large B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Worse Prognosis ◽  
Large B Cell

Abstract (Background) Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are the focus of interest as one of the tumor microenvironmental factors because of their critical role in the modification of immune response, such as suppression of tumor-associated antigen-reactive lymphocytes. Tregs-mediated immunosuppression contributes to the progression of tumors and poor prognosis of patients. Forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) had been regarded as a specific marker of Tregs, but recently, FOXP3-positive cells were proved to be heterogeneous in phenotype and function. FOXP3-positive cells include effector Tregs (eTregs), naïve Tregs, and non-Tregs. Of them, eTregs have a substantial immunosuppressive effect. So far, no study has investigated the relationship between infiltration of eTregs and prognosis of patients with lymphoma. (Aim) The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between infiltration of eTregs doubly positive for FOXP3/cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and prognosis of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (DLBCL, NOS). (Methods) Seventy-four DLBCL, NOS specimens were doubly immunostained with anti-FOXP3 and anti-CTLA-4 antibodies. The relationship between the degree of infiltration of only FOXP3-positive cells or FOXP3/CTLA-4 double-positive eTregs and the prognosis of DLBCL, NOS patients was analyzed using Cox regression analysis. (Results) Presence of numerous FOXP3-positive cells (>52x102/cm2) was significantly predictive of better prognosis than that of fewer FOXP3-positive cells (<52x102/cm2) in terms of overall survival (OS) (p =0.0481) (Figure 1). In contrast, presence of many eTregs (>18/cm2) was significantly predictive of worse prognosis than that of fewer eTregs (<18/cm2) in terms of OS and progression-free survival (p =0.0342 and p =0.0269, respectively) (Figure 2). This was independent of the international prognostic index. (Conclusions) Higher infiltration of only FOXP3-positive cells showed better prognosis of DLBCL, NOS patients, consistent with existing reports. In contrast, higher infiltration of eTregs showed worse prognosis of DLBCL, NOS. This suggests that infiltrating eTregs play an important role in DLBCL, NOS progression. Recently, immunotherapies targeting eTregs-depletion or functional alteration of eTregs-are being developed and are being tried in some solid tumors. These immunotherapies could also become a novel strategy of treatment for DLBCL, NOS patients with higher eTregs infiltration. Figure 1. Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 2. Disclosures Shoko: Osaka Community Foundation: Research Funding.

scholarly journals Double-hit lymphoma: optimizing therapy

Hematology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-163
Author(s):  
Kieron Dunleavy
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Multicenter Studies ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified ◽  
Double Hit Lymphoma ◽  
Genomic Studies ◽  
Novel Approaches ◽  
Poor Outcomes

Abstract Aggressive B-cell lymphoma is a heterogeneous entity with disparate outcomes based on clinical and pathological characteristics. While most tumors in this category are diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the recognition that some cases have high-grade morphology and frequently harbor MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 translocations has led to their separate categorization. These cases are now considered distinct from DLBCL and are named “high-grade B-cell lymphoma” (HGBL). Most are characterized by distinct rearrangements, but others have high-grade morphological features without these and are called HGBL-not otherwise specified. Studies have demonstrated that this group of diseases leads to poor outcomes following standard rituximab, cyclophosphamide, hydroxydaunorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone therapy; retrospective and recent single-arm, multicenter studies suggest they should be approached with dose-intense treatment platforms. As yet, this has not been validated in randomized trial settings due to the rarity of these diseases. In the relapsed and refractory setting, novel approaches such as anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells and antibodies against CD19 have demonstrated high efficacy in this subgroup. Recently, genomic studies have made much progress in investigating some of the molecular underpinnings that drive their lymphomagenesis and have paved the way for testing additional novel approaches.

scholarly journals Aggressive B-cell lymphoma cases with 11q aberration patterns indicate a spectrum beyond Burkitt-like lymphoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niklas Gebauer ◽  
Hanno M. Witte ◽  
Hartmut Merz ◽  
Ilske Oschlies ◽  
Wolfram Klapper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Lymphoma Patient ◽  
B Cell Lymphomas ◽  
Aggressive B Cell Lymphoma

The recent characterization of a group of non-MYC rearranged aggressive B-cell-lymphomas, resembling Burkitt lymphoma (BL), characteristically harboring a telomeric 11q-loss or combined 11q-proximal gains/loss-pattern has led to the introduction of the provisional entity of Burkitt-like lymphoma with 11q aberration (BLL-11q). Prompted by the discovery of a telomeric 11q-loss in an HIV-positive high-grade B-cell lymphoma patient, we investigated an extended cohort of aggressive B-cell-lymphomas, enriched for cases with histopathological features intermediate between DLBCL and BL including double- and triple-hit lymphomas (n = 47), for 11q-loss/combined 11q-proximal gains/loss-pattern by fluorescence-in-situ-hybridization. We provide first evidence that 11q-aberrations can be found in both BLL in the context of an underlying HIV-infection as well as in high-grade B-cell-lymphomas (HGBL) with MYC, BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangements. We therefore propose, that the clinicopathological spectrum of malignancies carrying this aberration may be broader than previously assumed.

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