Influence of the Thermal State of Vehicle Combustion Engines on the Results of the National Inventory of Pollutant Emissions

The article presents the results of studies on the influence of the thermal state of vehicle combustion engines on pollutant emissions. This influence was analyzed based on data from Poland’s inventory of pollutant emissions for the years 1990–2017. The results show that during engine warm-up, carbon monoxide emission constitutes the largest share (up to 50%) in the national annual total emission. Volatile organic compounds are next in the ranking, whereas the share of nitrogen oxides is the lowest (less than 5%). Under the model traffic conditions, close to those in Poland’s cities in winter, simulation tests regarding additional pollutant emissions from passenger cars during engine warm-up were also carried out. As a result of the cold-start emissive behavior of internal combustion engines, emissions of carbon monoxide and volatile organic compounds showed a considerably greater impact on national pollutant emission, as compared to carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and particulate matter. This is particularly evident for the results of the inventory of pollutant emissions from road transport.

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Inventory of pollutant emission from motor vehicles in Poland using the COPERT 5 software

Combustion Engines ◽

10.19206/ce-2019-326 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 178 (3) ◽

pp. 150-154 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Katarzyna BEBKIEWICZ ◽

Zdzisław CHŁOPEK ◽

Jakub LASOCKI ◽

Krystian SZCZEPAŃSKI ◽

Magdalena ZIMAKOWSKA-LASKOWSKA

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Carbon Monoxide ◽

Particulate Matter ◽

Volatile Organic Compounds ◽

Nitrogen Oxides ◽

Organic Compounds ◽

Relative Increase ◽

Motor Vehicles ◽

Pollutant Emission ◽

Volatile Organic

This article presents results of the inventory of pollutant emission from motor vehicles in Poland. To determine emission from motor vehicles in Poland COPERT 5 software was used for the first time. In addition, a comparison of the national emission from motor vehi-cles in 2016 and in 2015 was included. Pollutants harmful to health were considered primarily: carbon monoxide, organic compounds, nitrogen oxides and particulate matter. Emission of substances contributing to the intensification of the greenhouse effect were also examined: carbon dioxide, ammonia and nitrous oxide. It was found that the relative increase in volume of emission of carbon monoxide and non-methane volatile organic compounds is less than 10%, and nitrogen oxides and particulate matter less than 15%. The relative increase in carbon dioxide emission is approximately 14%, which corresponds to a relative increase in fuel consumption. The relative increase of volume of heavy metal emission is similar. The assessment of the energy emission factor (emission of pollution related to energy equal to used fuel) proves that – amongst pollutants harmful to health – for carbon monoxide and non-methane volatile organic compounds there is a relative reduction by approximately 5% in 2016, and for nitrogen oxides and particulate matter – increase by approximately (3–4)%.

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Estimation of Carbon Monoxide, Sulfur Oxides, Nitrogen Oxides, Volatile Organic Compounds, and Particulate Matters Emission Due to Cryptocurrency Miners’ Activity in Iran

Earth ◽

10.3390/earth2030039 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 667-673

Author(s):

Amirreza Talaiekhozani ◽

Majid Lotfi Ghahroud ◽

Shahabaldin Rezania

Keyword(s):

Carbon Monoxide ◽

Volatile Organic Compounds ◽

Nitrogen Oxides ◽

Organic Compounds ◽

Power Plants ◽

Electricity Consumption ◽

Sulfur Oxides ◽

Sufficient Information ◽

Volatile Organic ◽

Environment Agency

Nowadays, electricity consumption has increased worldwide due to the activity of cryptocurrency miners. Much of Iran’s electricity is generated by fossil fuel power plants. So, generating more electricity means producing more air pollutants in Iran. There is not sufficient information about the effects of cryptocurrency mining on Iran’s air pollution. This study aims to estimate the amount of carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and particulate matter (PM) emitted by Iran’s power plants when they generate extra electricity for cryptocurrency miners. In this study, we firstly estimated the amount of fuel used for the electricity needed for cryptocurrency miners. Then, the amounts of emitted NOx, CO, VOCs, SOx, and total PM for generation of such electricity were estimated via the guidelines of the European Environment Agency for emission inventory estimation. The results showed that an on average of 3530, 1547, 103, 11, and 35 tons of NOx, CO, VOCs, SOx, and total PM, respectively, have been emitted into the atmosphere in Iran annually.

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