scholarly journals Design of Novel Fiber Optical Flexible Routing System

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (22) ◽  
pp. 4763
Author(s):  
Po-Tsung Wu ◽  
Tsair-Chun Liang
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Optical Signal ◽  
Arrayed Waveguide Gratings ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Network Applications ◽  
Fiber Optic Network ◽  
Cross Connect ◽  
Arrayed Waveguide ◽  
Optic Network

In this paper, we propose a new versatile routing device that utilizes arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs), optical switches, and optical circulators to implement reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers (ROADMs), optical interleavers, and optical cross-connect (OXC). With the development of dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) technology, ROADM and OXC technologies have also been put into practical use. Thus, the optical signal can be routed directly in the optical network according to its wavelength without the need for optical-electrical-optical (OEO) conversion. Although different optical network units (ONUs) have different bandwidth requirements, the use of optical interleavers has successfully solved the connection problem between old and new systems. According to the numerical experiments of static characteristics, the proposed routing device can effectively implement three different functionalities, thereby providing greater flexibility for fiber optic network applications.

8CH AWG Multi/Demultiplexer With MEMS Variable Optical Attenuator

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ishikawa ◽  
Q. Yu
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Optical Signal ◽  
Arrayed Waveguide Grating ◽  
Optical Contrast ◽  
Network Systems ◽  
Micro Electro Mechanical Systems ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Power Intensity ◽  
Variable Optical Attenuator ◽  
Arrayed Waveguide

An integrated arrayed waveguide grating multi/demultiplexer (AWG) with a micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) based variable optical attenuator (VOA) is reported. The device consists of an AWG based on silica and a MEMS-VOA chip. The MEMS chip includes 100 μm × 100 μm polysilicon shutter plates coated with gold and electrostatic comb-drive actuators. The MEMS chip is interposed in a trench located in the middle of the I/O waveguides of the AWG to tune the optical transmitting power intensity through the waveguides continuously. The MEMS-VOA shutters have more than a 10 μm displacement. Using those shutters, 30 dB optical contrast from 5 dB at the transmit state to 35 dB at the isolation state is achieved. The obtained attenuation contrast is greater than that of a conventional waveguide-based Mach-Zehnder interferometer VOA and sufficient to adjust and equalize the optical signal power in the wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) network systems.

scholarly journals Receiver Integration with Arrayed Waveguide Gratings toward Multi-Wavelength Data-Centric Communications and Computing

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 8205
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Doi ◽  
Toshihide Yoshimatsu ◽  
Yasuhiko Nakanishi ◽  
Satoshi Tsunashima ◽  
Masahiro Nada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Baud Rate ◽  
Arrayed Waveguide Gratings ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Integrated Devices ◽  
Multi Wavelength ◽  
Integration Techniques ◽  
Waveguide Gratings ◽  
Arrayed Waveguide

This paper reviews receivers that feature low-loss multimode-output arrayed waveguide gratings (MM-AWGs) for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) as well as hybrid integration techniques with high-speed throughput of up to 100 Gb/s and beyond. A design of optical coupling between higher-order multimode beams and a photodiode for a flat-top spectral shape is described in detail. The WDM photoreceivers were fabricated with different approaches. A 10-Gb/s photoreceiver was developed for a 1.25-Gb/s baud rate and assembled for eight-channel WDM by mechanical alignment. A receiver with 40-Gb/s throughput was built by using visual alignment for a 10-Gb/s baud rate and four-channel WDM. A 100-Gb/s receiver assembled by active alignment with a four-channel by 25-Gb/s baud rate is the basis for beyond-100 Gb/s and future multi-wavelength integrated devices toward data-centric communications and computing.

Silica-Based Planar Lightwave Circuits

1999 ◽  
Vol 597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Himeno
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Wdm Networks ◽  
Planar Lightwave Circuits ◽  
Arrayed Waveguide Gratings ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Optical Wavelength ◽  
Power Splitters ◽  
Planar Lightwave ◽  
Arrayed Waveguide

AbstractSilica-based planar lightwave circuits (PLC) provide various important devices for both optical wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) networks and optical access networks. This paper is an overview of recent progress in PLC technology including optical power splitters, arrayed-waveguide gratings, thermo-optic switches, and hybrid integrated PLCs.

A Novel Architecture of N × N Bidirectional Reconfigurable Multiwavelength Optical Cross Connect

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-138
Author(s):  
Manpreet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Optical Amplifier ◽  
Optical Signal ◽  
Fiber Nonlinearities ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Optical Cross Connect ◽  
Optical Circulator ◽  
Cross Connect

AbstractA novel architecture of N×N bidirectional-reconfigurable multiwavelength optical cross connect (B-RMOXC) based on tunable Fiber Bragg grating and optical circulator is proposed. B-RMOXC network is one of crucial network element for wavelength routing in dense wavelength division multiplexing system. This paper presents a high speed, power compensated bidirectional optical cross connect and verified the performance of bidirectionality with 0.8-nm channel spacing having bit rate of 10 Gbps at different transmission distances. Optical signal-to-noise ratio of 36.62 dB and 35.55 dB is achieved with acceptable Quality factor of 6.26 and 6.99 respectively for upstream and downstream at 60 km having input transmission power of −12 dBm. It is found that the data can be communicated bidirectionally to a distance of 60 km in the presence of fiber nonlinearities without optical amplifier.

Impairments Computation for Routing Purposes in a Transparent-Access Optical Network Based on Optical CDMA and WDM

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Musa
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Wavelength Conversion ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
Optical Signal ◽  
Network Routing ◽  
Optical Cdma ◽  
Fiber Types ◽  
Wavelength Division

AbstractOptical access networks are becoming more widespread and the use of multiple services might require a transparent optical network (TON). Multiplexing and privacy could benefit from the combination of wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) and optical coding (OC) and wavelength conversion in optical switches. The routing process needs to be cognizant of different resource types and characteristics such as fiber types, fiber linear impairments such as attenuation, dispersion, etc. as well as fiber nonlinear impairments such as four-wave mixing, cross-phase modulation, etc. Other types of impairments, generated by optical nodes or photonic switches, also affect the signal quality (Q) or the optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR), which is related to the bit error rate (BER). Therefore, both link and switch impairments must be addressed and somehow incorporated into the routing algorithm. However, it is not practical to fully integrate all photonic-specific attributes in the routing process. In this study, new routing parameters and constraints are defined that reflect the distinct characteristics of photonic networking. These constraints are applied to the design phase of TON and expressed as a cost or metric form that will be used in the network routing algorithm.

Efficient Routing Strategies of N × N RM-OXC Using C Band Based on T-FBG and OC

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manpreet Singh ◽  
Aruna Rani ◽  
Sanjeev Dewra
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Cross Talk ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Optical Amplifier ◽  
Optical Signal ◽  
Channel Spacing ◽  
Fiber Nonlinearities ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Optical Circulator ◽  
Cross Connect

AbstractA novel architecture of N×N reconfigurable multiwavelength optical cross-connect based on tunable fiber Bragg grating (FBG) and optical circulator is proposed. The effect of cross talk in dense wavelength division multiplexing system with 0.8-nm channel spacing at 9×10 Gbps is also evaluated. Optical signal to noise ratio achieved is 40.95 dB at input transmission power of −10 dBm with acceptable bit error rate, i.e. 1.16×10−10at −30 dB FBG cross talk in the presence of fiber nonlinearities. It is found that signal is transmitted to a distance of 50 km without optical amplifier.

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