scholarly journals Exposure to Particles and Gases in a Shopping Mall: Spatial Heterogeneity and Outdoor Infiltration

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1313
Author(s):  
Alison Tan Yui Li ◽  
Wenwei Che ◽  
Yushan Song ◽  
Jimmy Chun Kung Tong ◽  
Alexis Kai Hon Lau
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Shopping Mall ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Indoor Sources ◽  
Building Geometry ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

Shopping malls in Hong Kong are usually located near major roads. Indoor air quality (IAQ) in these buildings is subject to infiltration of outdoor traffic-related pollutants, such as PM10, PM2.5, CO, and NO2. Furthermore, the existence of indoor sources and building geometry added to the complexity of variations in IAQ. To understand outdoor infiltration and spatial heterogeneity of these pollutants, we conducted fixed and cruise indoor sampling, together with simultaneous outdoor measurements, in a typical mall in Hong Kong. The cruise sampling was conducted indoors on a predesigned route and repeated 15 times. Outdoor infiltration was quantified based on regression analysis between indoor and outdoor sampling. Results showed that 75% of PM2.5, 53% of PM10, and 59% of NO2 were infiltrated into the mall during opening hours. Elevated PM2.5 and CO were observed during the dinner period, suggesting an impact from cooking. Substantial spatial variations were observed for PM10, PM2.5, and NO2, particularly at locations near entrances and restaurants. Measures are needed to reduce pollution intrusion from building openings and cooking-related sources to improve air quality in the selected mall. Fixed and cruise sampling methods used in this study provide insights on sensor deployment for future air quality monitoring in buildings.

scholarly journals Impact of Outdoor Air Pollution on Indoor Air Quality in Low-Income Homes during Wildfire Seasons

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 3535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prateek M. Shrestha ◽  
Jamie L. Humphrey ◽  
Elizabeth J. Carlton ◽  
John L. Adgate ◽  
Kelsey E. Barton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Indoor Sources ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

Indoor and outdoor number concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), black carbon (BC), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were monitored continuously for two to seven days in 28 low-income homes in Denver, Colorado, during the 2016 and 2017 wildfire seasons. In the absence of indoor sources, all outdoor pollutant concentrations were higher than indoors except for CO. Results showed that long-range wildfire plumes elevated median indoor PM2.5 concentrations by up to 4.6 times higher than outdoors. BC, CO, and NO2 mass concentrations were higher indoors in homes closer to roadways compared to those further away. Four of the homes with mechanical ventilation systems had 18% higher indoor/outdoor (I/O) ratios of PM2.5 and 4% higher I/O ratios of BC compared to other homes. Homes with exhaust stove hoods had PM2.5 I/O ratios 49% less than the homes with recirculating hoods and 55% less than the homes with no stove hoods installed. Homes with windows open for more than 12 hours a day during sampling had indoor BC 2.4 times higher than homes with windows closed. This study provides evidence that long-range wildfire plumes, road proximity, and occupant behavior have a combined effect on indoor air quality in low-income homes.

Indoor air quality at nine shopping malls in Hong Kong

2001 ◽  
Vol 273 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 27-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wai-Ming Li ◽  
Shun Cheng Lee ◽  
Lo Yin Chan
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Shopping Malls

scholarly journals Organic Air Quality Markers of Indoor and Outdoor PM2.5 Aerosols in Primary Schools from Barcelona

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barend L. van Drooge ◽  
Ioar Rivas ◽  
Xavier Querol ◽  
Jordi Sunyer ◽  
Joan O. Grimalt
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Airborne Particulate Matter ◽  
Traffic Emissions ◽  
Quality Markers ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Motorized Vehicles ◽  
Carbon Concentrations ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

Airborne particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 2.5 µg, PM2.5 was regularly sampled in classrooms (indoor) and playgrounds (outdoor) of primary schools from Barcelona. Three of these schools were located downtown and three in the periphery, representing areas with high and low traffic intensities. These aerosols were analyzed for organic molecular tracers and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to identify the main sources of these airborne particles and evaluate the air quality in the urban location of the schools. Traffic emissions were the main contributors of PAHs to the atmospheres in all schools, with higher average concentrations in those located downtown (1800–2700 pg/m3) than in the periphery (760–1000 pg/m3). The similarity of the indoor and outdoor concentrations of the PAH is consistent with a transfer of outdoor traffic emissions to the indoor classrooms. This observation was supported by the hopane and elemental carbon concentrations in PM2.5, markers of motorized vehicles, that were correlated with PAHs. The concentrations of food-related markers, such as glucoses, sucrose, malic, azelaic and fatty acids, were correlated and were higher in the indoor atmospheres. These compounds were also correlated with plastic additives, such as phthalic acid and diisobutyl, dibutyl and dicyclohexyl phthalates. Clothing constituents, e.g., adipic acid, and fragrances, galaxolide and methyl dihydrojasmonate were also correlated with these indoor air compounds. All these organic tracers were correlated with the organic carbon of PM2.5, which was present in higher concentrations in the indoor than in the outdoor atmospheres.

Passive sampling application to control air quality in interior of new vehicles

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Faber ◽  
Krzysztof Brodzik ◽  
Anna Gołda-Kopek ◽  
Damian Łomankiewicz ◽  
Jan Nowak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Passive Sampling ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Active Sampling ◽  
Quality Research ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Important Field

AbstractThe investigation of air pollution is a highly important field of research. Air quality in a vehicle’s interior has attracted growing attention since people spend much of their time in vehicles and those frequently travelling in new cars are exposed to harmful compounds. The main air pollutants inside new vehicles are volatile organic compounds (VOCs), present as a result of interior materials’ de-gassing. Among the sampling methods used in indoor air quality research, active sampling for VOCs collection is one method that has been extensively described and applied. The present study sought to implement passive sampling with Radiello

Comparative study on indoor air quality in Japan and China: Characteristics of residential indoor and outdoor VOCs

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (40) ◽  
pp. 6352-6359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Ohura ◽  
Takashi Amagai ◽  
Xueyou Shen ◽  
Shuang Li ◽  
Ping Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor ◽  
Japan And China
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