scholarly journals Cordon Pricing, Daily Activity Pattern, and Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution: A Case Study of New York City

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1458
Author(s):  
Amirhossein Baghestani ◽  
Mohammad Tayarani ◽  
Mahdieh Allahviranloo ◽  
H. Oliver Gao
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
York City ◽  
Activity Pattern ◽  
Daily Activity ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Travel Demand Management ◽  
Daily Activity Pattern ◽  
Pm2.5 Emissions

Road pricing is advocated as an effective travel demand management strategy to alleviate traffic congestion and improve environmental conditions. This paper analyzes the impacts of cordon pricing on the population’s daily activity pattern and their exposure to particulate matter by integrating activity-based models with air quality and exposure models in the case of New York City. To estimate changes in public exposure under cordon pricing scenarios, we take a sample of employees and study their mobility behavior during the day, which is mainly attributed to the location of the work and the time spent at work. The selection of employees and their exposure during the duration of their work is due to the unavailability of exact activity patterns for each individual. We show that the Central Business District (CBD) experiences a high concentration of PM2.5 emissions. Results indicate that implementing cordon pricing scenarios can reduce the population-weighted mean of exposure to PM2.5 emissions by 7% to 13% for our sample and, in particular, by 22% to 28% for those who work in the CBD. Furthermore, using an experimental model and assuming constant conditions, we point out the positive influence on indoor exposure for two locations inside and outside the CBD in response to cordon pricing. Considering the correlation between long-term exposure to fine particulate matter and the risks of developing cardiovascular disease and lung cancer, our findings suggest that improved public health conditions could be provided by implementing cordon pricing in the New York City CBD.

scholarly journals Ambient Fine Particulate Matter, Nitrogen Dioxide, and Preterm Birth in New York City

2016 ◽  
Vol 124 (8) ◽  
pp. 1283-1290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Johnson ◽  
Jennifer F. Bobb ◽  
Kazuhiko Ito ◽  
David A. Savitz ◽  
Beth Elston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
York City ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Fine Particulate

Assessment of Market Demand for Cross-Harbor Rail Freight Service in the New York Metropolitan Region

2000 ◽  
Vol 1719 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Cutler ◽  
Lance Grenzeback ◽  
Alice Cheng ◽  
Richard Roberts
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Demand Forecasting ◽  
Hudson River ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Commodity Flow ◽  
Rail Freight

An investment study sponsored by the New York City Economic Development Corporation with Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 funds evaluated strategies for improving the movement of freight by rail to an 11-county subregion (including New York City) of the New York and northern New Jersey metropolitan area located east of the Hudson River. The major achievements of the process were the use of choice modeling techniques to understand the decision making of shippers and, in combination with other data sources, forecasting the demand for freight infrastructure investments. The methodologies described are applicable to the study of freight transportation investment strategies in many settings. The key finding of the analysis is that a rail freight tunnel would increase rail mode share relative to other alternatives and the so-called No Build case. The subregion east of the Hudson contains two-thirds of the region’s population, but it is at a significant disadvantage in the movement of freight relative to the subregion west of the Hudson. Rail accounts for only 2.8 percent of all the subregion’s shipments, compared to 15 percent within the subregion west of the Hudson. Two limited rail crossings of the Hudson River provide access to New York City and the rest of the east subregion. These conditions affect the level of truck traffic and air pollution within the subregion, the subregion’s overall economic competitiveness, and the viability of its port facilities. To address these concerns, four families of alternatives that could improve cross-harbor rail freight service were analyzed. Discussed is how the market demand for these alternatives was analyzed by linking six distinct methodologies and data sets: ( a) regional economic forecasts, ( b) commodity flow data, ( c) a modal diversion model, ( d) regional port forecasts, ( e) a regional travel demand forecasting model, and ( f) user benefit calculation models.

scholarly journals Speeding and Traffic-Related Injuries and Fatalities during the 2020 COVID-19 Pandemic: The Cases of Seattle and New York City

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haifeng Liao ◽  
Michael Lowry
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Police Data ◽  
Traffic Volumes

Despite fewer cars on roads during the COVID-19 pandemic, deaths associated with motor vehicle collisions in New York City and Seattle remained largely unchanged in 2020. Using police data on weekly counts of collisions, we compared trends in 2020 with those of 2019, while controlling for the reduction of traffic volumes and seasonal weather conditions. Results of difference-in-differences estimation suggest that during the early months of the pandemic, or March-May, the incidence rates of severe or fatal injury crashes related to speeding increased by nearly 8 times in Seattle and more than 4 times in New York City. In the rest of 2020, they were still significantly higher than what would be expected in the absence of the pandemic. This research suggests that in similar situations that depress travel demand (e.g., another pandemic), policymakers should formulate plans to reduce speeding which may prevent an upswing in severe injuries and fatalities.

scholarly journals Perception and reality of particulate matter exposure in New York City taxi drivers

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Gany ◽  
Sehrish Bari ◽  
Lakshmi Prasad ◽  
Jennifer Leng ◽  
Trevor Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
York City ◽  
Taxi Drivers ◽  
Particulate Matter Exposure
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