scholarly journals Antibiotics Modulate Intestinal Regeneration

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
Lymarie M. Díaz-Díaz ◽  
Natalia Rosario-Meléndez ◽  
Andrea Rodríguez-Villafañe ◽  
Yariel Y. Figueroa-Vega ◽  
Omar A. Pérez-Villafañe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Regenerative Processes ◽  
Ecm Remodeling ◽  
Bacterial Cultures ◽  
Intestinal Regeneration ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Altered Cell ◽  
Holothuria Glaberrima ◽  
Mtt Assays

The increased antibiotics usage in biomedical and agricultural settings has been well documented. Antibiotics have now been shown to exert effects outside their purposive use, including effects on physiological and developmental processes. We explored the effect of various antibiotics on intestinal regeneration in the sea cucumber Holothuria glaberrima. For this, holothurians were eviscerated and left to regenerate for 10 days in seawater with different penicillin/streptomycin-based cocktails (100 µg/mL PS) including: 100 µg/mL kanamycin (KPS), 5 µg/mL vancomycin (VPS), and 4 µg/mL (E4PS) or 20 µg/mL (E20PS) erythromycin. Immunohistological and histochemical analyses were performed to analyze regenerative processes, including rudiment size, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, cell proliferation, and muscle dedifferentiation. A reduction in muscle dedifferentiation was observed in all antibiotic-treated animals. ECM remodeling was decreased by VPS, E4PS, and E20PS treatments. In addition, organisms subjected to E20PS displayed a significant reduction in the size of their regenerating rudiments while VPS exposure altered cell proliferation. MTT assays were used to discard the possibility that the antibiotics directly affect holothurian metabolic activity while bacterial cultures were used to test antibiotic effects on holothurian enteric microbiota. Our results demonstrate a negative effect on intestinal regeneration and strongly suggest that these effects are due to alterations in the microbial community.

scholarly journals A Roadmap for Intestinal Regeneration

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Quispe-Parra ◽  
Griselle Valentín ◽  
José E. García-Arrarás
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Regenerative Process ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Sequencing Technologies ◽  
Cellular Events ◽  
Intestinal Regeneration ◽  
Holothuria Glaberrima

Regeneration of lost or injured organs is an intriguing process where numerous cellular events take place to form the new structure. Studies of this process during reconstitution of the intestine have been performed in echinoderms, particularly in holothurians. Many cellular events triggered during regeneration have been described using the sea cucumber Holothuria glaberrima as a research model. More recent experiments have targeted the molecular mechanism behind the process, a task that has been eased by the new sequencing technologies now available. In this review we present the studies involving cellular processes and the genes that have been identified to be associated with the early events of gut regeneration. We also present the ongoing efforts to perform functional studies necessary to establish the role(s) of the identified genes. A synopsis of the studies is given with the course of the regenerative process established so far.

scholarly journals Characterization of proteolytic activities during intestinal regeneration of the sea cucumber, Holothuria glaberrima

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 681-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Consuelo Pasten ◽  
Rey Rosa ◽  
Stephanie Ortiz ◽  
Sebastián González ◽  
José E. García-Arrarás
Keyword(s):  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Intestinal Regeneration ◽  
Proteolytic Activities ◽  
Holothuria Glaberrima

scholarly journals The cell biology of regeneration

2012 ◽  
Vol 196 (5) ◽  
pp. 553-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan S. King ◽  
Phillip A. Newmark
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Regenerative Processes ◽  
Cellular Behavior ◽  
Positional Identity ◽  
Progenitor Cell Proliferation ◽  
Functional Analyses

Regeneration of complex structures after injury requires dramatic changes in cellular behavior. Regenerating tissues initiate a program that includes diverse processes such as wound healing, cell death, dedifferentiation, and stem (or progenitor) cell proliferation; furthermore, newly regenerated tissues must integrate polarity and positional identity cues with preexisting body structures. Gene knockdown approaches and transgenesis-based lineage and functional analyses have been instrumental in deciphering various aspects of regenerative processes in diverse animal models for studying regeneration.

scholarly journals The transcription factor FoxM1 activates Nurr1 to promote intestinal regeneration after ischemia/reperfusion injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Zu ◽  
Jing Guo ◽  
Tingting Zhou ◽  
Ningwei Che ◽  
Baiying Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Intestinal Regeneration ◽  
Foxm1 Expression ◽  
Intestinal Ischemia Reperfusion

Abstract FoxM1 is involved in the regeneration of several organs after injury and expressed in the intestinal mucosa. The intrinsic mechanism of FoxM1 activity in the mucosa after intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury has not been reported. Therefore, we investigated the role of FoxM1 in mediating intestinal mucosa regeneration after I/R injury. Expression of FoxM1 and the proliferation of intestinal mucosa epithelial cells were examined in rats with intestinal I/R injury and an IEC-6 cell hypoxia/reperfusion (H/R) model. The effects of FoxM1 inhibition or activation on intestinal epithelial cell proliferation were measured. FoxM1 expression was consistent with the proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells in the intestinal mucosa after I/R injury. Inhibition of FoxM1 expression led to the downregulation of Ki-67 expression mediated by the inhibited expression of Nurr1, and FoxM1 overexpression promoted IEC-6 cell proliferation after H/R injury through activating Nurr1 expression. Furthermore, FoxM1 directly promoted the transcription of Nurr1 by directly binding the promoter of Nurr1. Further investigation showed low expression levels of FoxM1, Nurr1, and Ki-67 in the intestinal epithelium of patients with intestinal ischemic injury. FoxM1 acts as a critical regulator of intestinal regeneration after I/R injury by directly promoting the transcription of Nurr1. The FoxM1/Nurr1 signaling pathway represents a promising therapeutic target for intestinal I/R injury and related clinical diseases.

scholarly journals The nervous system component of the mesentery of the sea cucumber Holothuria glaberrima in normal and regenerating animals

2019 ◽  
Vol 380 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Nieves-Ríos ◽  
Samuel Alvarez-Falcón ◽  
Sonya Malavez ◽  
Jannette Rodriguez-Otero ◽  
José E. García-Arrarás
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
System Component ◽  
Holothuria Glaberrima

scholarly journals Vitamin A effects on UMR 106 osteosarcoma cells are not mediated by specific cytosolic receptors

1985 ◽  
Vol 232 (2) ◽  
pp. 599-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
R O Oreffo ◽  
J A Francis ◽  
J T Triffitt
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Cell Morphology ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Osteosarcoma Cells ◽  
Cells In Culture ◽  
Altered Cell ◽  
Umr 106

Retinol and retinoic acid at 20 microM altered cell morphology and inhibited cell proliferation of UMR 106 osteosarcoma cells in culture. No specific cytosolic binding proteins for retinol could be detected.

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