scholarly journals Do We Store Packed Red Blood Cells under “Quasi-Diabetic” Conditions?

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 992
Author(s):  
Leonid Livshits ◽  
Gregory Barshtein ◽  
Dan Arbell ◽  
Alexander Gural ◽  
Carina Levin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Sugar Concentration ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Professional Literature ◽  
High Sugar Concentration ◽  
High Sugar ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia

Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is one of the most common therapeutic procedures in modern medicine. Although frequently lifesaving, it often has deleterious side effects. RBC quality is one of the critical factors for transfusion efficacy and safety. The role of various factors in the cells' ability to maintain their functionality during storage is widely discussed in professional literature. Thus, the extra- and intracellular factors inducing an accelerated RBC aging need to be identified and therapeutically modified. Despite the extensively studied in vivo effect of chronic hyperglycemia on RBC hemodynamic and metabolic properties, as well as on their lifespan, only limited attention has been directed at the high sugar concentration in RBCs storage media, a possible cause of damage to red blood cells. This mini-review aims to compare the biophysical and biochemical changes observed in the red blood cells during cold storage and in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Given the well-described corresponding RBC alterations in NIDDM and during cold storage, we may regard the stored (especially long-stored) RBCs as "quasi-diabetic". Keeping in mind that these RBC modifications may be crucial for the initial steps of microvascular pathogenesis, suitable preventive care for the transfused patients should be considered. We hope that our hypothesis will stimulate targeted experimental research to establish a relationship between a high sugar concentration in a storage medium and a deterioration in cells' functional properties during storage.

scholarly journals Deformability based sorting of stored red blood cells reveals donor-dependent aging curves

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emel Islamzada ◽  
Kerryn Matthews ◽  
Quan Guo ◽  
Aline T. Santoso ◽  
Simon P. Duffy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Sorting ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Deformability ◽  
Red Blood Cell Deformability

Cell sorting using microfluidic ratchets enables sensitive and consistent characterization of donor red blood cell deformability. Using this capability, we show the degradation of red blood cell deformability during cold storage is donor-dependent.

scholarly journals Model-assisted analysis of the peach pedicel–fruit system suggests regulation of sugar uptake and a water-saving strategy

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 3463-3474
Author(s):  
Dario Constantinescu ◽  
Gilles Vercambre ◽  
Michel Génard
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Transport ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Lower Pressure ◽  
Sugar Concentration ◽  
Sugar Uptake ◽  
Pressure Potential ◽  
High Sugar Concentration ◽  
High Sugar ◽  
Diurnal Patterns ◽  
Assisted Analysis

Abstract We develop a model based on the biophysical representation of water and sugar flows between the pedicel, fruit xylem and phloem, and the fruit apoplast and symplast in order to identify diurnal patterns of transport in the pedicel–fruit system of peach. The model predicts that during the night water is mainly imported to the fruit through the xylem, and that fruit phloem–xylem transfer of water allows sugar concentrations in the phloem to be higher in the fruit than in the pedicel. This results in relatively high sugar transport to the fruit apoplast, leading to relatively high sugar uptake by the fruit symplast despite low sugar concentrations in the pedicel. At midday, the model predicts a xylem backflow of water driven by a lower pressure potential in the xylem than in the fruit apoplast. In addition, fruit xylem-to-phloem transfer of water decreases the fruit phloem sugar concentration, resulting in moderate sugar uptake by the fruit symplast, despite the high sugar concentration in the pedicel. Globally, the predicted fruit xylem–phloem water transfers buffer the sugar concentrations in the fruit phloem and apoplast, leading to a diurnally regulated uptake of sugar. A possible fruit xylem-to-apoplast recirculation of water through the fruit phloem reduces water lost by xylem backflow at midday.

scholarly journals Biomarkers defining the metabolic age of red blood cells during cold storage

Blood ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 128 (13) ◽  
pp. e43-e50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Paglia ◽  
Angelo D’Alessandro ◽  
Óttar Rolfsson ◽  
Ólafur E. Sigurjónsson ◽  
Aarash Bordbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Storage Lesion ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Metabolic Age

Key Points Eight extracellular biomarkers define the metabolic age of stored RBCs. Metabolomics defines a universal signature of RBC storage lesion.

Net Na+ and K+ Movements in Human Red Blood Cells After Cold Storage

1979 ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
Hans-Jürg Schatzmann ◽  
Peter Ronner ◽  
Verena Niggli
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Human Red Blood Cells

Platelet-Independent Adhesion of Red Blood Cells to Von Willebrand Factor

Blood ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (21) ◽  
pp. 2769-2769
Author(s):  
Michel WJ Smeets ◽  
Alexander PJ Vlaar ◽  
Herm Jan M Brinkman ◽  
Jan J Voorberg ◽  
Peter L Hordijk
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Von Willebrand Factor ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Storage Lesion ◽  
Microparticle Formation ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor

Abstract Background/Objectives Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion can be lifesaving and is an essential therapy in conditions associated with tissue hypoxia due to anemia. However, recent clinical studies show that both the number of RBCs and the age of RBCs transfused are independent risk factors for an increase in transfusion related morbidity and mortality. It has been suggested that the so called “storage lesion” of RBCs, a reduction of quality of erythrocytes and changes in the erythrocyte concentrate storage medium, is the causal factor. Recently it has been shown that cold storage of erythrocytes induces microparticle formation. These erythrocyte microparticles are pro-coagulant and can cause thrombin formation. Another phenomenon of the storage lesion is the rapid and considerable loss of donor erythrocytes from the circulation of transfused patients. We wondered whether thrombin generated by transfused erythrocyte microparticles could contribute to red blood cell adherence to the vascular endothelium. Cytoadherence of red blood cells could contribute to the loss of circulating transfused red blood cells and vascular obstruction and could explain the observed transfusion associated complications in clinical practice. Methods/Results Employing FACS analysis and a microparticle analyzer we showed that erythrocyte cold storage indeed induces microparticle formation. We confirmed the pro-coagulant properties of these microparticles using a chromogenic substrate specific for thombin and a thrombin-anti-thrombin complex ELISA. To determine whether thrombin could induce adhesion of red blood cells to endothelial cells, we cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells in micro-perfusion chambers and used live-imaging to define the adherence potential of the erythrocytes to endothelial cells at post-capillary flow rate. Thrombin stimulation of the endothelial cells did increase erythrocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. Moreover, the adhesion of erythrocytes followed a pattern resembling platelets binding to von Willebrand factor (VWF). By using live immunofluoresence imaging we confirmed that the erythrocytes did bind to VWF secreted from endothelial cells. Since erythrocyte-VWF interactions may be mediated by platelets, we used fluorescence cell sorting to remove platelets and erythrocyte-platelet complexes from erythrocyte concentrates. The purified erythrocytes did also bind to VWF secreted by endothelial cells and thereby we confirmed that erythrocytes can bind to VWF in a platelet-independent fashion. We further analyzed the specificity of the erythrocyte-VWF interaction by using different protein coatings in micro-perfusion chambers. Erythrocytes did bind to recombinant high molecular weight VWF multimers. Furthermore, they adhered more potently to VWF when compared to fibrinogen or fibrin but showed little binding to fibronectin, collagen type I, or subendothelial extra-cellular matrix proteins. Conclusion Our results suggest that transfusion of RBCs is able to induce endothelial binding of erythrocytes based on a VWF-erythrocyte interaction. We propose that passive infusion of cold stored erythrocyte derived microparticles promotes thrombin generation which subsequently activates endothelial cells and induces VWF secretion. This results in binding of red blood cells to endothelial cells in a platelet-independent fashion which requires the presence of VWF. Based on our results we hypothesize that binding of erythrocytes to VWF may occlude micro-capillaries thereby contributing to transfusion associated complications. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Mannose and fructose metabolism in red blood cells during cold storage in SAGM

Transfusion ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 2665-2676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Óttar Rolfsson ◽  
Freyr Johannsson ◽  
Manuela Magnusdottir ◽  
Giuseppe Paglia ◽  
Ólafur E. Sigurjonsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Fructose Metabolism

Enamel Demineralization by Snack Foods

1975 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.G. Bibby ◽  
S.A. Mundorff
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Sugar Concentration ◽  
Bacterial Fermentation ◽  
Snack Foods ◽  
High Sugar Concentration ◽  
High Sugar ◽  
Enamel Demineralization

The amount of enamel destroyed by salivary fermentation of snack foods and confections was not dependent on their sugar content; starch, flavoring agents, and other components also played a part. Most enamel destruction was produced by fruit-flavored candies in which the inherent acid or high sugar concentration or both inhibited bacterial fermentation.

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