MicroRNA Expression in Extracellular Vesicles from Nasal Lavage Fluid in Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanovesicles of endocytic origin released by cells and found in human bodily fluids. EVs contain both mRNA and microRNA (miRNA), which can be shuttled between cells, indicating their role in cell communication. This study investigated whether nasal secretions contain EVs and whether these EVs contain RNA. EVs were isolated from nasal lavage fluid (NLF) using sequential centrifugation. EVs were characterized and EV sizes were identified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In addition, EV miRNA expression was different in the chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyp (CRSsNP) and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp (CRSwNP) groups. The Kyoto encyclopedia gene and genome database (KEGG) database was used to identify pathways associated with changed miRNAs in each analysis group. Twelve miRNAs were differentially expressed in NLF-EVs of CRS patients versus HCs. In addition, eight miRNAs were differentially expressed in NLF-EVs of CRSwNP versus CRSsNP patients. The mucin-type O-glycan biosynthesis was a high-ranked predicted pathway in CRS patients versus healthy controls (HCs), and the Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway was a high-ranked predicted pathway in CRSwNP versus CRSsNP patients. We demonstrated the presence of and differences in NLF-EV miRNAs between CRS patients and HCs. These findings open up a broad and novel area of research on CRS pathophysiology as driven by miRNA cell communication.

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Endotyping of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp based on eosinophil, mast cell and basophil microparticles in nasal lavage fluid

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology ◽

10.1016/j.jaci.2019.12.351 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 145 (2) ◽

pp. AB170

Author(s):

Toru Takahashi ◽

Atsushi Kato ◽

Lydia Suh ◽

Roderick Carter ◽

Kathleen Harris ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽

Nasal Polyp ◽

Lavage Fluid ◽

Nasal Lavage ◽

Nasal Lavage Fluid

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Detection of microparticles in nasal lavage fluid that express both integrin β6 and a marker of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (either alpha-smooth muscle actin or Snail) is useful for the identification of severe chronic rhinosinusitis

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology ◽

10.1016/j.jaci.2018.12.645 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 143 (2) ◽

pp. AB212

Author(s):

Toru Takahashi ◽

Atsushi Kato ◽

Sergejs Berdnikovs ◽

Lydia A. Suh ◽

James E. Norton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smooth Muscle ◽

Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽

Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽

Smooth Muscle Actin ◽

Lavage Fluid ◽

Nasal Lavage ◽

Muscle Actin ◽

Alpha Smooth Muscle Actin ◽

Mesenchymal Transition ◽

Nasal Lavage Fluid

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Substance P and Hemokinin 1 in Nasal Lavage Fluid of Patients with Chronic Sinusitis and Nasal Polyposis

OTO Open ◽

10.1177/2473974x19875076 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 2473974X1987507

Author(s):

Ashley Lonergan ◽

Theoharis Theoharides ◽

Eirini Tsilioni ◽

Elie Rebeiz

Keyword(s):

Substance P ◽

Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽

Nasal Polyps ◽

Nasal Polyposis ◽

Medical Center ◽

Disease Process ◽

Lavage Fluid ◽

Nasal Lavage ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Nasal Lavage Fluid

This pilot study was undertaken to isolate and quantify substance P (SP) and hemokinin 1 (HK-1) in the nasal lavage fluid of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps to better elucidate the pathophysiology underlying this inflammatory process, which remains poorly understood. Mucus samples were collected from this introductory cohort of 10 patients diagnosed with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps at Tufts Medical Center (Boston, Massachusetts). Relative levels of SP and HK-1 were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods. Both inflammatory neuropeptides were found in detectable and comparable amounts in patient samples and in concentrations up to 100-fold those established in past literature. The presence of SP and HK-1 necessitates further investigation into their role in nasal polyposis and the potentiation of the chronic inflammation inherent to chronic rhinosinusitis. Downregulating these peptides could therefore provide novel treatment targets to manage this disease process.

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