scholarly journals Glutathione as a Molecular Marker of Functional Impairment in Patients with At-Risk Mental State: 7-Tesla 1H-MRS Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 941
Author(s):  
Peter Jeon ◽  
Roberto Limongi ◽  
Sabrina D. Ford ◽  
Cassandra Branco ◽  
Michael Mackinley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
7 Tesla ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Clinical High Risk ◽  
Healthy Control

A substantial number of individuals with clinical high-risk (CHR) mental state do not transition to psychosis. However, regardless of future diagnostic trajectories, many of these individuals develop poor social and occupational functional outcomes. The levels of glutathione, a crucial cortical antioxidant, may track variations in functional outcomes in early psychosis and prodromal states. Thirteen clinical high-risk and 30 healthy control volunteers were recruited for a 7-Tesla magnetic resonance spectroscopy scan with a voxel positioned within the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Clinical assessment scores were collected to determine if any association was observable with glutathione levels. The Bayesian Spearman’s test revealed a positive association between the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS) and the glutathione concentration in the clinical high-risk group but not in the healthy control group. After accounting for variations in the SOFAS scores, the CHR group had higher GSH levels than the healthy subjects. This study is the first to use 7-Tesla magnetic resonance spectroscopy to test whether ACC glutathione levels relate to social and occupational functioning in a clinically high-risk group and offers preliminary support for glutathione levels as a clinically actionable marker of prognosis in emerging adults presenting with risk features for various severe mental illnesses.

scholarly journals Glutathione as a molecular marker of functional impairment in patients with at-risk mental state: 7-Tesla 1H-MRS study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Jeon ◽  
Roberto Limongi ◽  
Sabrina D. Ford ◽  
Cassandra Branco ◽  
Michael Mackinley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
7 Tesla ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Clinical High Risk ◽  
Healthy Control

AbstractA substantial number of individuals with clinical high-risk (CHR) mental state do not transition to psychosis. However, regardless of future diagnostic trajectories, many of these individuals develop poor social and occupational functional outcomes. The levels of glutathione, a crucial cortical antioxidant, may track variations in functional outcomes in early psychosis and prodromal states.Thirteen clinical high-risk and 30 healthy control volunteers were recruited for a 7-Tesla magnetic resonance spectroscopy scan with voxel positioned within the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Clinical assessment scores were collected to determine if any association was observable with glutathione levels.Bayesian Spearman test revealed a positive association between the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS) and the glutathione concentration in the clinical high-risk group but not in the healthy control group. After accounting for variations in SOFAS, CHR group had higher GSH levels than the healthy subjects.This study is the first to use 7-Tesla magnetic resonance spectroscopy to test whether ACC glutathione levels related to social and occupational functioning in a clinically high-risk group and offers preliminary support for glutathione levels as a clinically actionable marker of prognosis in emerging adults presenting with risk features for various severe mental illnesses.

scholarly journals Gut microbiome and magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of subjects at ultra-high risk for psychosis may support the membrane hypothesis

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 37-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying He ◽  
Tomasz Kosciolek ◽  
Jinsong Tang ◽  
Yao Zhou ◽  
Zongchang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Psychiatric Research ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Ultra High Risk ◽  
The Brain

AbstractBackground:The microbiota-gut-brain axis and membrane dysfunction in the brain has attracted increasing attention in the field of psychiatric research. However, the possible interactive role of gut microbiota and brain function in the prodromal stage of schizophrenia has not been studied yet.Methods:To explore this, we collected fecal samples and performed Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) scans in 81 high risk (HR) subjects, 19 ultra-high risk (UHR) subjects and 69 health controls (HC). Then we analyzed the differences in gut microbiota and choline concentrations in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC).Results:Presences of the orders Clostridiales, Lactobacillales and Bacteroidales were observed at increase levels in fecal samples of UHR subjects compared to the other two groups. The composition changes of gut microbiota indicate the increased production of Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs), which could activate microglia and then disrupt membrane metabolism. Furthermore, this was confirmed by an increase of choline levels, a brain imaging marker of membrane dysfunction, which is also significantly elevated in UHR subjects compared to the HR and HC groups.Conclusion:Both gut microbiome and imaging studies of UHR subjects suggest the membrane dysfunction in the brain and hence might support the membrane hypothesis of schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Disorder, not just state of risk: Meta-analysis of functioning and quality of life in people at high risk of psychosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 207 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Fusar-Poli ◽  
Matteo Rocchetti ◽  
Alberto Sardella ◽  
Alessia Avila ◽  
Martina Brandizzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Healthy Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Control

BackgroundThe nosology of the psychosis high-risk state is controversial. Traditionally conceived as an ‘at risk’ state for the development of psychotic disorders, it is also conceptualised as a clinical syndrome associated with functional impairment.AimsTo investigate meta-analytically the functional status of patients at high clinical risk for psychosis and its association with longitudinal outcomes.MethodThree meta-analyses compared level of functioning (n = 3012) and quality of life (QoL) (n = 945) between a high-risk group, a healthy control group and group with psychosis, and baseline functioning in people in the high-risk group who did or did not have a transition to psychosis at follow-up (n = 654).ResultsPeople at high risk had a large impairment in functioning (P<0.001) and worse QoL (P = 0.001) than the healthy control group, but only small to moderately better functioning (P = 0.012) and similar QoL (P = 0.958) compared with the psychosis group. Among the high-risk group, those who did not develop psychosis reported better functioning (P = 0.001) than those who did.ConclusionsOur results indicate that the high-risk state is characterised by consistent and large impairments of functioning and reduction in QoL similar to those in other coded psychiatric disorders.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document