scholarly journals Human Papillomavirus in Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Kim J. W. Chang Sing Pang ◽  
Taha Mur ◽  
Louise Collins ◽  
Sowmya R. Rao ◽  
Daniel L. Faden
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinomas ◽  
Causative Role ◽  
Sample Sizes ◽  
Geographic Regions ◽  
Small Sample Sizes

Human papillomavirus (HPV) drives tumorigenesis in a subset of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCC) and is increasing in prevalence across the world. Mounting evidence suggests HPV is also involved in a subset of sinonasal squamous cell carcinomas (SNSCC), yet small sample sizes and variability of HPV detection techniques in existing literature hinder definitive conclusions. A systematic review was performed by searching literature through March 29th 2020 using PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science Core Collection databases. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed by two authors independently. A meta-analysis was performed using the random-effects model. Sixty studies (n = 1449) were eligible for statistical analysis estimating an overall HPV prevalence of 25.5% (95% CI 20.7–31.0). When stratified by HPV detection method, prevalence with multiple substrate testing (20.5%, 95% CI 14.5–28.2) was lower than with single substrate testing (31.7%, 95% CI 23.6–41.1), highest in high-exposure anatomic subsites (nasal cavity and ethmoids) (37.6%, 95% CI 26.5–50.2) vs. low-exposure (15.1%, 95% CI 7.3–28.6) and highest in high HPV+ OPSCC prevalence geographic regions (North America) (30.9%, 95% CI 21.9–41.5) vs. low (Africa) (13.1, 95% CI 6.5–24.5)). While small sample sizes and variability in data cloud firm conclusions, here, we provide a new reference point prevalence for HPV in SNSCC along with orthogonal data supporting a causative role for virally driven tumorigenesis, including that HPV is more commonly found in sinonasal subsites with increased exposure to refluxed oropharyngeal secretions and in geographic regions where HPV+ OPSCC is more prevalent.

scholarly journals Looking for crumbs in the obesity forest: anti-obesity interventions in the Mexican population. History, and systematic review with Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esperanza M. Garcia-Oropesa ◽  
Yoscelina E. Martinez-Lopez ◽  
Sonia Maria Ruiz-Cejudo ◽  
Jose Dario Martinez-Ezquerro ◽  
Alvaro Diaz-Badillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Population History ◽  
Sample Sizes ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Small Sample Sizes

Mexicans and Mexican Americans share culture, genetic background, and predisposition for chronic complications associated with obesity and diabetes making imperative efficacious treatments and prevention. Obesity has been treated for centuries focused-on weight loss while other treatments on associated conditions like gout, diabetes (T2D), and hypertriglyceridemia. To date, there is no systematic review that synthetize the origin of obesity clinics in Mexico and the efforts to investigate treatments for obesity tested by randomized clinical trials (RCT). We conducted systematic searches in Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science to retrieve anti-obesity RCT through 2019 and without inferior temporal limit. The systematic review included RCT of anti-obesity treatments in the Mexican adult population, including alternative medicine, pharmacological, nutritional, behavioral, and surgical interventions reporting biometric outcomes such as BMI, weight, waist circumference, triglycerides, glucose, among others. Studies with at least three months of treatment were included in the meta-analysis. We found 634 entries, after removal of duplicates and screening the studies based on eligibility criteria, we analyzed 43, and 2 multinational-collaborative studies. Most of the national studies have small sample sizes, and the studied strategies do not have replications in the population. The nutrition/behavioral interventions were difficult to blind, and most studies have medium to high risk of bias. Nutritional/behavioral interventions and medications showed effects on BMI, waist circumference, and blood pressure. Simple measures like plain water instead of sweet beverages decrease triglycerides and systolic blood pressure. Participants with obesity and hypertension can have benefic effects with antioxidants, and treatment with insulin increase weight in those with T2D. The study of obesity in Mexico has been on-going for more than four decades, but the interest on RCT just increased until this millennium, but with small sample sizes and lack of replication. The interventions affect different metabolic syndrome components, which should be analyzed in detail with the population living on the U.S.-Mexico border; therefore, bi-national collaboration is desirable to disentangle the cultural effects on this population's treatment response.

scholarly journals Diagnostic accuracy of p16INK4aimmunohistochemistry in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 140 (5) ◽  
pp. 1186-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena-Sophie Prigge ◽  
Marc Arbyn ◽  
Magnus von Knebel Doeberitz ◽  
Miriam Reuschenbach
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinomas

scholarly journals The Prognostic Value of Toll-Like Receptors in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (19) ◽  
pp. 7255
Author(s):  
Shrabon Hasnat ◽  
Roosa Hujanen ◽  
Bright I. Nwaru ◽  
Tuula Salo ◽  
Abdelhakim Salem
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Toll Like Receptors

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a group of tumours which exhibit low 5 year survival rates. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify biomarkers that may improve the clinical utility of patients with HNSCC. Emerging studies support a role of toll-like receptors (TLRs) in carcinogenesis. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to assess the prognostic value of TLR immunoexpression in HNSCC patients. We compiled the results of thirteen studies comprising 1825 patients, of which six studies were deemed qualified for quantitative synthesis. The higher immunoexpression of TLR-1 to 5 and 9 was associated with a worsening of the clinical parameters of patients with HNSCC. Furthermore, induced levels of TLR-3, 4, 5, 7 and 9 were found to predict the patients’ survival time. The meta-analysis revealed that TLR-7 overexpression is associated with a decreased mortality risk in HNSCC patients (HR 0.51; 95%CI 0.13–0.89; I2 34.6%), while a higher expression of TLR-5 predicted shorter, but non-significant, survival outcome. In conclusion, this review suggests that TLRs may represent some prognostic value for patients with HNSCC. However, due to small sample sizes and other inherent methodological limitations, more well designed studies across different populations are still needed before TLRs can be recommended as a reliable clinical risk-stratification tool.

Global prevalence of human papillomavirus-driven oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma following the ASCO guidelines: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 103116
Author(s):  
Bruno Augusto Linhares Almeida Mariz ◽  
Luiz Paulo Kowalski ◽  
William Nassib William ◽  
Gilberto de Castro ◽  
Aline Lauda Freitas Chaves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Global Prevalence

Prevalence of tuberculosis, brucellosis and trypanosomiasis in cattle in Tanzania: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Alonso ◽  
Ian Dohoo ◽  
Johanna Lindahl ◽  
Cristobal Verdugo ◽  
Isaiah Akuku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Skin Tests ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Small Sample Sizes

AbstractA meta-analysis was performed to derive prevalence estimates for Brucella spp., Mycobacterium spp. and Trypanosoma spp. in cattle in Tanzania using data derived from a systematic review of zoonotic hazards in cattle production systems. Articles published before 2012 reporting prevalence and considered at least moderate in quality were included in the analysis. Results showed high heterogeneity between studies, with wide ranges in the reported prevalence: Brucella (0.3–60.8%), Mycobacterium (0.1–13.2%) and Trypanosoma (0.82–33.3%). Overall meta-analytic mean prevalence estimates were 8.2% (95% CI 6.5–10.2), 1.28% (95% CI 0.35–4.58) and 10.3% (95% CI 6.20–16.70) respectively, for Brucella spp., Mycobacterium spp. and Trypanosoma spp. Time and region were predictors of variability of Brucella spp. prevalence, while diagnostic test was a strong predictor of Mycobacterium spp. prevalence, with higher prevalence estimates given by skin tests compared with post-mortem inspection. None of the studied factors were associated with prevalence of Trypanosoma spp. The small sample sizes, range of study locations, study designs and diagnostics used, contributed to high variability among prevalence estimates. Larger and more robust prevalence studies are needed to adequately support risk assessment and management of animal and public health threats.

Effectiveness of Outdoor Exercise Parks on Health Outcomes in Older Adults—A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Yoke Leng Ng ◽  
Keith D. Hill ◽  
Pazit Levinger ◽  
Elissa Burton
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Single Leg Stance ◽  
Small Sample Sizes ◽  
Meta Analyses

The objective of this systematic review was to examine the effectiveness of outdoor exercise park equipment on physical activity levels, physical function, psychosocial outcomes, and quality of life of older adults living in the community and to evaluate the evidence of older adults’ use of outdoor exercise park equipment. A search strategy was conducted from seven databases. Nine articles met the inclusion criteria. The study quality results were varied. Meta-analyses were undertaken for two physical performance tests: 30-s chair stand test and single-leg stance. The meta-analysis results were not statistically significant. It was not possible to conclude whether exercise parks were effective at improving levels of physical activity. The review shows that older adults value the benefits of health and social interaction from the use of exercise parks. Findings should be interpreted with caution due to the small sample sizes and the limited number of studies.

scholarly journals Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prevalence of Coeliac Disease in Women with Infertility

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes Castaño ◽  
Rubén Gómez-Gordo ◽  
David Cuevas ◽  
Concepción Núñez
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Coeliac Disease ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Unexplained Infertility ◽  
Intestinal Biopsy ◽  
Sample Sizes

We aimed to estimate the seroprevalence and the prevalence of coeliac disease (CD) in women with reproductive problems. A systematic review of English published articles until June 2019 was performed in PubMed and Scopus using the terms: (infertility and (coeliac disease OR gluten) OR (miscarriage and (coeliac disease OR gluten) OR (abortion and (coeliac disease OR gluten). All articles showing numerical data of anti-transglutaminase type 2 or anti-endomisium antibodies, or intestinal biopsy information were included. The study group comprised women with overall infertility, unexplained infertility, or recurrent spontaneous abortions. Two authors independently performed data extraction using a predefined data sheet. The initial search yielded 310 articles, and 23 were selected for data extraction. After meta-analysis, the pooled seroprevalence was very similar for overall and unexplained infertility, with a pooled proportion of around 1.3%–1.6%. This implies three times higher odds of having CD in infertility when compared to controls. The pooled prevalence could not be accurately calculated due to the small sample sizes. Further studies with increased sample sizes are necessary before giving specific recommendations for CD screening in women with reproductive problems, but current data seem to support a higher risk of CD in these women.

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