scholarly journals Current Concepts in the Treatment of Giant Cell Tumors of Bone

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3647
Author(s):  
Shinji Tsukamoto ◽  
Andreas F. Mavrogenis ◽  
Akira Kido ◽  
Costantino Errani
Keyword(s):  
Local Recurrence ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Lung Metastases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Nerve Sparing ◽  
Specific Marker ◽  
Giant Cell Tumors ◽  
Preoperative Administration ◽  
Tumors Of Bone

The 2020 World Health Organization classification defined giant cell tumors of bone (GCTBs) as intermediate malignant tumors. Since the mutated H3F3A was found to be a specific marker for GCTB, it has become very useful in diagnosing GCTB. Curettage is the most common treatment for GCTBs. Preoperative administration of denosumab makes curettage difficult and increases the risk of local recurrence. Curettage is recommended to achieve good functional outcomes, even for local recurrence. For pathological fractures, joints should be preserved as much as possible and curettage should be attempted. Preoperative administration of denosumab for pelvic and spinal GCTBs reduces extraosseous lesions, hardens the tumor, and facilitates en bloc resection. Nerve-sparing surgery after embolization is a possible treatment for sacral GCTBS. Denosumab therapy with or without embolization is indicated for inoperable pelvic, spinal, and sacral GCTBs. It is recommended to first observe lung metastases, then administer denosumab for growing lesions. Radiotherapy is associated with a risk of malignant transformation and should be limited to cases where surgery is impossible and denosumab, zoledronic acid, or embolization is not available. Local recurrence after 2 years or more should be indicative of malignant transformation. This review summarizes the treatment approaches for non-malignant and malignant GCTBs.

scholarly journals Profiling of three H3F3A-mutated and denosumab-treated giant cell tumors of bone points to diverging pathways during progression and malignant transformation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Hasenfratz ◽  
Kevin Mellert ◽  
Ralf Marienfeld ◽  
Alexandra von Baer ◽  
Markus Schultheiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cell ◽  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Rare Event ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Giant Cell Tumors ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Pleomorphic Sarcoma ◽  
Humanized Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Tumors Of Bone

AbstractGiant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a locally aggressive lesion of intermediate malignancy. Malignant transformation of GCTB is a rare event. In 2013, the humanized monoclonal antibody against receptor activator of nuclear factor-κb-Ligand (RANKL) denosumab was approved for treatment of advanced GCTB. Since then, several reports have questioned the role of denosumab during occasional malignant transformation of GCTB. We report on three patients with H3F3A-mutated GCTBs, treated with denosumab. The tissue samples were analysed by histomorphology, immunohistochemistry, and in two instances by next generation panel sequencing of samples before and after treatment. One patient had a mutation of ARID2 in the recurrence of the GCTB under treatment with denosumab. One patient developed a pleomorphic sarcoma and one an osteoblastic osteosarcoma during treatment. Sequencing revealed a persisting H3F3A mutation in the osteosarcoma while the pleomorphic sarcoma lost the H3F3A mutation; however, a FGFR1 mutation, both in the recurrence and in the pleomorphic sarcoma persisted. In addition, the pleomorphic sarcoma showed an AKT2 and a NRAS mutation. These data are inconclusive concerning the role denosumab plays in the event of malignant progression/transformation of GCTB and point to diverging pathways of tumor progression of GCTB associated with this treatment.

scholarly journals A flow cytometric DNA analysis of giant cell tumors of bone including two cases with malignant transformation

Cancer ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 1886-1894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaharu Fukunaga ◽  
Takashi Nikaido ◽  
Tadakazu Shimoda ◽  
Shinichiro Ushigome ◽  
Kazuhifo Nakamori
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cell ◽  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Giant Cell Tumors ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Tumors Of Bone

Giant Cell Tumor of the Talar Neck

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakan Selek ◽  
Hamza Özer ◽  
Sacit Turanli ◽  
Özlem Erdem
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cell Tumor ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Giant Cell Tumors ◽  
Radiographic Appearance ◽  
Aneurysmal Bone Cysts ◽  
Tumors Of Bone ◽  
Brown Tumors ◽  
Small Bones

We describe a patient with a giant cell tumor in the talar head and neck of the left foot who was diagnosed as having osteochondritis dissecans and treated with arthroscopic drilling in this same location 3 years earlier. Giant cell tumors can be confused with several conditions, including giant cell reparative granulomas, brown tumors, and aneurysmal bone cysts. Giant cell tumors of bone typically occur in the epiphysis of long bones, including the distal femur and proximal tibia. They are uncommonly found in the small bones of the foot or ankle, and talar involvement is rare. Despite this rarity, the radiographic appearance and clinical signs of talar lesions should be considered in the differential diagnosis of nontraumatic conditions in the foot. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 97(3): 225–228, 2007)

scholarly journals Protein Expression Profiling of Giant Cell Tumors of Bone Treated with Denosumab

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e0148401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenta Mukaihara ◽  
Yoshiyuki Suehara ◽  
Shinji Kohsaka ◽  
Keisuke Akaike ◽  
Yu Tanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Expression Profiling ◽  
Giant Cell Tumors ◽  
Tumors Of Bone

Giant-Cell Tumors of Bone and Progesterone Receptors

Orthopedics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1209-1212
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Demertzis ◽  
Fani Kotsiandri ◽  
Ioulia Giotis ◽  
Nikiphoros Apostolikas
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cell ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Giant Cell Tumors ◽  
Tumors Of Bone

scholarly journals Correlation between Campanacci’s radiological classification of giant cell tumor of bone and expression of Cyclin D1 and PCNA

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Eréndira G. Estrada-Villaseñor ◽  
Hidalgo Bravo Alberto ◽  
C. Bandala ◽  
P. De la Garza-Montano ◽  
Reyes Medina Naxieli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyclin D1 ◽  
Giant Cell Tumor ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Giant Cell Tumors ◽  
Radiological Classification ◽  
Tumors Of Bone ◽  
Made In

Giant cell tumor of bone is considered by his behavior a benign but aggressive neoplasm. The objective of our study was to determine if there is a correlation between the Campanacci’s radiological classification of giant cell tumors of bone and the expression by immunohistochemistry of Cyclin D1 and proliferation cell nuclear antibody (PCNA). A retrospective and descriptive study was made. In total, there were 27 cases. All cases showed Cyclin D1 and PCNA positivity. Rho Spearman for Campanacci and Cyclin D1 expression was 0.06 and for Campanacci and PCNA was 0.418. We conclude that there is a positive correlation between PCNA expression in giant cell tumors of Bone and the Campanacci’s radiological classification II and III, butCyclin D1 expression was no related with radiologic features.

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